Jingyuan armored cruiser

"Jingyuan" is an armored cruiser of Beiyang Navy in the late Qing Dynasty, which was built by German Vulkan Shipyard. The total cost of Jingyuan and Laiyuan is 173976 1 silver, and the second ship is a sister ship of the same class.

Jingyuan was launched on June 3rd 1887 and Laiyuan was launched on March 25th 1887. At the end of the same year, No.2 ship returned to China with Zhiyuan and Jingyuan, leaving one person to join Beiyang Navy. This type of ship is the beginning of designing and manufacturing armored cruisers in the history of German shipbuilding.

2065438+From July to September, 2008, National Cultural Heritage Administration organized an underwater archaeological investigation in Zhuanghe sea area, Dalian, Liaoning Province, and searched, found and confirmed the sinking of Beiyang Navy in the Sino-Japanese War-"Jingyuan Ship".

Weapon performance.

Chinese name: Jingyuan

Nature: armored cruiser

Total cost: 173976 1 silver.

Online time:1887 65438+1October 3rd.

Architectural history.

1885 (the 11th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty) 165438+ October (the Sino-French war just ended),

Li Hongzhang, Minister of Beiyang, ordered the two ships from the German Vulcan Shipyard through Xu Jingcheng, China's envoy to Germany, and sent Zeng Zongying, Qiu Guoan and Dai Huang to supervise the construction. This order caused a fierce technical debate between the British and German Admiralty and attracted the attention of German Chancellor Bismarck.

He instructed Fuerqiang Shipyard: "It is of great significance to carry out China's orders on time and well." This type of ship was originally used to defend Taiwan Province and Peng. Later, due to the easing of Sino-French relations, the Qing government changed it to Beiyang Navy in order to speed up the construction of Beiyang Navy.

1887 65438+ 10 "Jingyuan" was launched on October 3rd, and "Laiyuan" was launched on March 25th 1887. At the end of the same year, No.2 ship returned to China with Zhiyuan and Jingyuan, leaving one person to join Beiyang Navy. This type of ship is the beginning of designing and manufacturing armored cruisers in the history of German shipbuilding.

1894 September 17, both ships participated in the Yellow Sea War. "Jingyuan" fought bravely under the command of Lin Yongsheng, a pipeline carrier, and together with "Zhiyuan", it hit the Japanese fleet hard. After being hit hard by a Japanese ship, it crashed into a Japanese ship with the intention of mutually assured destruction. Unfortunately, it was set on fire by four cruisers of the Japanese joint fleet, and 23 1 officers and men of the whole ship, including Lin Yongsheng, the first mate of the pipeline carrier Chen Rong and the second mate Chen Jingying, died for the country, only 16. The "Laiyuan" ship suffered heavy losses in the Yellow Sea War, and then participated in the Weihaiwei Defence War.

1895 was sunk by the first Japanese torpedo boat in Ahava harbor in the early morning of February 6th.

Ship structure.

Jingyuan and Laiyuan are ships of the same class, with a length of 82.4m, a width of 1 1.99m, a draft of 5. 1 1m and a displacement of 2,900t. They are powered by two 3-expansion reciprocating steam engines and four circular coal-fired boilers (each weighing 38 tons) and propelled by two shafts.

The coal load is 320-350 tons, the waterline armor thickness is 9.5-5. 1 inch, the armor deck is 3 inches (oblique)/1.5 inches (flat), the gun base armor thickness is 8 inches, the gun shield 1.5 inches, and the commander tower armor thickness is 6 inches. The whole ship 202-277.

Weapons and equipment.

Yuan Hao's dual Krupp 2 10mm front main guns are 1 (each gun weighs 1 3.5t, 35 times the caliber), 1880 Krupp 150mm guns (each gun weighs 4.5t) and 75mm guns respectively.

Manage the organization.

"Jingyuan" led Lin Yongsheng, a graduate of the first Mawei Ship Administration School and deputy commander of the left-wing right battalion of Beiyang Navy (supplemented by Hualing guerrilla warfare), to study at the Royal Naval Academy. In the Yellow Sea naval battle, Lin Yongsheng commanded the "Jingyuan" ship to kill the enemy heroically, but was unfortunately killed in the head by the enemy's shelling.

Chen Rong, the first mate of Jingyuan, is a native of Panyu, Guangdong, and graduated from Mawei Ship Administration School.

"Jingyuan" gang took the first mate Chen Ce, who was born on the ship.

Chen Jingying, the second pilot of Jingyuan, is a native of Min County, Fujian Province and graduated from Tianjin Naval Academy.

Li Lianfen, first mate of Jingyuan Torpedo.

Han Jin, an officer of Jingyuan Second Artillery Corps, graduated from Tianjin Naval Academy.

Zhang Mai, the third deputy of the "Jingyuan" artillery team.

The third pair of "Jingyuan" guns is Li Zaihan.

"Jingyuan" manager LUN Sunjiang.

Lu's "Jingyuan" ship.

Chen, the second tube wheel of "Jingyuan", was born as a mechanic.

Liu Zhaoliang, the second in command of Jingyuan, graduated from Mawei Ship Administration School.

"Jingyuan" has a high three-tube wheel and a mechanic background.

Wang Juxian, the third-class steamer Jingyuan, graduated from Tianjin Naval Academy.

"Jingyuan" gun teacher Chen Enzhao.

"Jingyuan" cannon teaches Jiang Youren.

Website structure.

1September, 894 17, at the Dadonggou naval battle in the Yellow Sea, Beiyang Navy was besieged by four Japanese ships and sank.

At about 7: 30 on August 29th, 20 14, the wreckage of a group of long-range ships was found near Laorenshi, where the ship sank. The old man's stone is a rock exposed from the water in the sea area of Black Island. A famous underwater photographer in China used his lens to record the wreckage of an underwater ship. This is the latest set of photos of a distant ship after the last photo of the sinking of a distant ship 20 years ago.

On September 20 14 17, a photo of the submarine wreck of a distant ship was released for the first time in the sea area of Heidao, Dalian, Liaoning.

Archaeological discoveries.

2065438+From July to September, 2008, with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration, National Cultural Heritage Administration Underwater Cultural Heritage Protection Center, Liaoning Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Dalian Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology jointly teamed up to carry out underwater archaeological investigation in Zhuanghe sea area of Dalian, Liaoning Province, to search, find and confirm the shipwreck of Beiyang Navy in the Sino-Japanese War. This is another great achievement of underwater archaeological work at the Sino-Japanese War site after Zhiyuan Ship.