World photography classics

The world's top ten photographic works are: Rhine No.2, Untitled #96, Her Majesty's collage photo, Untitled # 153, Dialogue on the Road to Death, Untitled, 99 cents II, Los Angeles, Moonlight on the Pond and billy the kid.

Rhine 2 is Gorschi's work in 1999. It depicts a path, grass, river and gray sky, which have no outline at all, and they form an almost perfect horizontal structure.

It turns out that the factories on the other side of the river, as well as the dog walkers and cyclists along the river, were also carefully handled by Gorschi until the picture "had enough sense of oppression" and finally became a simple color block like an abstract work. This quiet photo consists of several different parts of the river, which is both convincing and false.

The whole collection includes six paintings depicting the beauty of the Rhine. This work is the second and largest one among them. The grassland, river and gray sky in the picture almost form a perfect horizontal structure. The author removes irrelevant elements such as factories and pedestrians from the picture through technical means. This photo was once the most expensive auction price in the world. 20 1 1 sold at Christie's auction house for $4.33 million.

German artist andreas gorski said that he was deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery of the Rhine, so he took countless beautiful photos of the Rhine. RheinII is the largest of a series of photos he has taken. Gorski also admitted that RheinII was digitally processed, and he removed any elements that might distract people's attention, leaving only rivers and grass dikes.

Astrography

Photography skills

Star photography introduction

Maobeinan Erik

10. 1 1.20 19

catalogue

Classification of starry sky photography

Get ready.

Selection of camera and lens

General strategy of starry sky photography

Star-orbit photography strategy

Science popularization of deep space celestial bodies

It is recommended to collect it for later use.

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Aerial photography

Ordinary starry sky

Gui Xing

Deep sky object

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Get ready.

View weather

Light pollution in the city has a great influence on starry sky photography. Don't fantasize about shooting the starry sky in the city.

As early as the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao told us a truth in his Short Songs: there are fewer stars in the moon. Like light pollution, the bright moonlight is also a kind of strong light for the starry sky. When there is a big moon hanging high in the sky, the starry sky will darken.

The best shooting time is generally between the 26th and 3rd of the twelfth lunar month, which is the darkest time of the moonlight.

Summer and autumn are the best seasons to shoot the starry sky, and the shooting time is best from 9 pm to 3 am.

You can basically give up shooting on rainy days, cloudy days and foggy days.

Finally, find a place without light pollution and choose a sunny day.

Pay attention to safety in field shooting.

Check the star map

Look at the time when the moon rises and sets, identify constellations, etc.

IOSStarWalk2？ ￥ 18.00

Its free version is very comprehensive in function, the layout of the star map is super exquisite, it has a high-tech feeling, and everything is clear and easy to understand. I think it is the most exquisite mobile phone application in Yun Yun. Built-in automatic positioning mode, real-time display of nearby stars or galaxies. You can also check the time of sunrise and sunset every day on the APP.

Android star map is free? /? GoogleSkyMaps is free.

Computer? Stellarium is free.

Food and warm clothes

People's body temperature will drop if they stay outdoors for a long time, so we should pay attention to keeping warm and cold. As for how much and what to bring, it depends on whether you want to take pictures or have a picnic.

Generally, the time of starry sky photography is much shorter than that of satellite orbit photography, which often lasts for several hours.

Moreover, the camera may need to keep out the cold. If you shoot the starry sky in extremely cold areas, you should pay attention to prevent the lens from frosting and dewing.

flashlight

An ordinary flashlight will do.

Here is a brief mention of the red flashlight.

The human eye is insensitive to red light. After seeing red light, the pupil will not become significantly smaller. It takes a while for the human eye to adapt to the dark environment. I often look for stars while looking at the star map. At this time, you need a red flashlight.

The equatorial plane is not necessary.

The rotation of the earth will move slightly, and the equatorial telescope can keep the relative position between the camera and the starry background unchanged through its own rotation, which is a good auxiliary function when taking pictures of the still starry sky. But it is not a necessity, because it is inconvenient to carry and expensive. For a professional photographer who shoots the starry sky, you can buy a equatorial plane.

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Selection of camera and lens

camera

A camera with excellent high sensitivity is most suitable for starry sky photography, that is, the camera has excellent noise control ability at high sensitivity, and the noise generated by long-term exposure in the dark is within the controllable range, which will not affect the imaging quality of the work.

camera lens

First of all, ensure a large aperture, preferably a wide-angle lens.

The aperture is preferably above F4.

A lens with a large aperture can increase the exposure of the picture at the same exposure time, and at the same time, a large aperture will make the stars in the picture look bigger.

Wide-angle lens ensures sufficient depth of field.

Shooting the starry sky is mostly shooting the Milky Way, and the picture needs to have a visually shocking effect, so it is more appropriate to use a wide-angle zoom lens.

Lens reference

Full-frame cameras: 1 1-24mm, 12-24mm, 14-24mm, 16-35mm, etc. , you can also choose14 MMF1.8,265438 and other suitable ones.

Half-frame camera: For example, Canon's APS-C camera, EF-S 10- 18mm is very good. Or a camera lens, such as 18-55mm, 18- 135mm, can also meet the shooting requirements, but the shooting quality is not as good as that of Quan Huafu and high-end cameras.

Gui Xing

Fisheye, super wide angle, wide angle, medium focus, telephoto

constellation

Fisheye, super wide angle, wide angle, medium focal length

meteor shower

Fish-eye, super wide angle, wide angle

Panorama of the galaxy

Fish-eye, super wide angle, wide angle

Local galaxy

Wide-angle, medium-focus and telephoto

Deep sky object

Medium coke and telephoto

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Empty general photography

The equipment you need to prepare

SLR camera+lens

Super wide-angle lens, wide-angle lens or fisheye lens are recommended, and the vision is more shocking. It is best to keep the aperture constant above F2.8. According to the starry sky 500 rule, the wide-angle lens can use a longer exposure time.

The 500 rule? Maximum shutter time =500/ equivalent focal length

For example, when shooting with a 24mm lens, the slowest shutter should be 500/24=20.8s, and when shooting with a 35mm lens, the slowest shutter should be 500/35 =14.3 s.

Equivalent focal length conversion

Quan Huafu 1 time

Nikon and Sony APS-C format 1.5 times

Canon APS-C frame 1.6 times

Olympus M4/32 times

tripod

Try to choose a stable tripod, because it is not shooting the orbit of a star, and the stability of the tripod is not high. A tripod will do.

Cable release device

Pressing the shutter manually can easily affect the clarity of the picture. It is recommended to shoot in the wired release state, or set the camera to delay shooting for a few seconds.

Battery memory card

Just make sure it's enough.

General starry photography method

Prefocusing

1. Use manual focusing mode, with aperture up, shutter speed down and iso up.

2. Start real-time display shooting, and press the zoom button to zoom in on the stars or galaxies in the picture.

3. Manually adjust the focus ring until the stars and the Milky Way are clear.

Do not touch the focus ring after focusing correctly.

Shutter, aperture, ISO, white balance, noise reduction

The shutter must meet the rule of 500, so that the stars will not be drawn. 15s or 20s can be used.

After the shooting is completed, you can put it at the maximum, check whether the stars are drawn well, and shorten the shutter time if they are drawn well.

The bigger the aperture, the better. Both F2.8 and F4 are acceptable.

Iso is the best between 1600~6400, and high ISO requires higher camera sensitivity.

It is suggested to set the white balance automatically, and shoot raw format for post-processing. If you must set it, it can be as cold as possible.

Noise reduction settings, pay attention to turn off high sensitivity noise reduction, long exposure noise reduction and other functions. Noise reduction can be fine-tuned later, and automatic noise reduction of the camera may make the photographer dissatisfied and is not recommended.

Generally speaking, the operation of starry sky photography is relatively simple, and post-processing is also very important, followed by stellar orbit photography.

//

Star track photography

The equipment you need to prepare

SLR camera+lens

It is not much different from ordinary starry photography, and medium focus telephoto is also acceptable.

tripod

There are requirements for the stability of the tripod, so try to choose a stable tripod and remember to turn off the camera lens for anti-shake.

Cable release device

Wired release can choose wireless wired release or wired release, and to have interval shooting function, hundreds of photos need to be taken for post-synthesis.

Some cameras have their own interval shooting function, so you don't need to release them with cables.

compass

As long as it is reliable, the mobile phone comes with a compass.

Satellite orbit photography method

There are two kinds of common stellar orbits: diagonal orbit and concentric orbit.

Of course, there are spiral orbits and explosive orbits that look higher.

There are two methods to photograph the orbit of stars, one is the multi-shot method, and the other is the B-gate exposure method.

It is not recommended to shoot the starry sky with long exposure at Gate B..

Long exposure will produce a lot of noise.

It is easy to be overexposed or underexposed.

If the camera is powered off or the lens is illuminated by strong light, it will fall short.

The foreground will be seriously overexposed.

way

Camera settings

It is recommended to shoot RAW format, and the color temperature can be adjusted later.

It is suggested to shoot with low color temperature in places with serious light pollution.

Turn off the long exposure noise, or there will be a breakpoint in the star orbit.

focus

The focusing method is the same as general starry sky photography.

Lens direction

Concentric type

Shooting in the north of the northern hemisphere can capture concentric star orbits centered on Polaris. In the southern hemisphere, you can shoot concentric orbits by aiming at the south.

Slant line type

Aiming at other directions, you can get a diagonal star orbit.

Spiral orbit and explosion orbit

Starstail plug-in is required.

The method is more complicated, and there is a chance to update it separately.

Shutter, aperture, ISO, cumulative exposure time parameters

shutter

The exposure time of a single photo is generally 25-30 seconds, and one photo is taken every 2 seconds.

Cumulative exposure time

Theoretically, a star will only rotate 360 degrees in 24 hours, and the whole orbit can be closed. In reality, it is impossible for ordinary cameras to be exposed for 24 hours. The ideal star map exposure time is usually above 1 hour. The longer the exposure time, the better the track effect and the longer the track.

hole

F4 or greater.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Do not exceed half the maximum sensitivity of the camera.

For the star orbit, the density of the star orbit can be freely controlled. Usually, the higher the sensitivity or the larger the aperture, the denser the orbit of the star, and vice versa.

It is suggested to use low sensitivity and long exposure first to shoot a foreground with less noise.

Then you can set the shutter, aperture, sensitivity and cumulative exposure time. Just press the shutter and wait.

After the pre-shooting, use ps stack to synthesize.

//

Deep space celestial photography

scientific popularization

The easiest deep space objects to photograph are as follows:

Spring: Bode galaxy M8 1 and starburst galaxy M82.

Summer: Reef Lake Nebula M8

Autumn: Andromeda galaxy M3 1

Winter: Orion Nebula M42

You need a magnetic declination meter, which is expensive and heavy.

Simple understanding.

After all, high-quality deep space objects were photographed by NASA with Hubble.

I'm Eric. Nice to meet you.

Double-click approval to light up the warmth.

Top Ten Photographic Works in the World

The world's top ten photographic works are: Rhine No.2, Untitled #96, Her Majesty's collage photo, Untitled # 153, Dialogue on the Road to Death, Untitled, 99 cents II, Los Angeles, Moonlight on the Pond and billy the kid.

Rhine 2 is Gorschi's work in 1999. It depicts a path, grass, river and gray sky, which have no outline at all, and they form an almost perfect horizontal structure.

It turns out that the factories on the other side of the river, as well as the dog walkers and cyclists along the river, were also carefully handled by Gorschi until the picture "had enough sense of oppression" and finally became a simple color block like an abstract work. This quiet photo consists of several different parts of the river, which is both convincing and false.

The whole collection includes six paintings depicting the beauty of the Rhine. This work is the second and largest one among them. The grassland, river and gray sky in the picture almost form a perfect horizontal structure. The author removes irrelevant elements such as factories and pedestrians from the picture through technical means. This photo was once the most expensive auction price in the world. 20 1 1 sold at Christie's auction house for $4.33 million.

German artist andreas gorski said that he was deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery of the Rhine, so he took countless beautiful photos of the Rhine. RheinII is the largest of a series of photos he has taken. Gorski also admitted that RheinII was digitally processed, and he removed any elements that might distract people's attention, leaving only rivers and grass dikes.

China portrait photography appreciation

The artistic realm of portrait photography can be summarized into four levels from low to high: pleasing to the eye, lifelike, publicizing personality and interpreting life. The following are some excellent photos I arranged for you. Welcome to enjoy.

Appreciation of excellent portrait photography works

Portrait photography masterpiece 1

Portrait photography ii

Portrait photography masterpiece 3

Portrait photography masterpiece 4

Portrait photography masterpiece 5

Portrait photography masterpiece 6

Portrait photography masterpiece 7

Portrait photography masterpiece 8

Artistic realm of portrait photography

First, it is pleasing to the eye.

Pleasing to the eye is the basic requirement of ordinary people and photographers for portrait photography. Whether it is business portraits, family photos, news portraits or even portraits involved in any photography field, whether it is the subject, photographer or viewer, as long as there is no special purpose, they all want to see pleasing portraits, and making the audience and the audience physically and mentally happy is one of the most important goals of any art form.

First of all, pleasing to the eye has become the common goal of commercial photographers and customers. With the development of modern photography, many problems that were difficult or impossible to be solved by previous photographers have been solved technically, so it is relatively easy to achieve a pleasing realm. Used for commercial photography. This kind of portrait photography not only needs the photographer's own quality, but also depends on some objective factors, such as: excellent makeup artist, beautiful clothes, exquisite props, high-grade photographic equipment, advanced lighting, advanced equipment studio, advanced photo post-processing system, exquisite mounting and careful editing planning.

For the field of portrait photography, the biggest defects are the excessive involvement of non-photographic ontology language and the desalination of photographic ontology language. The so-called photographic ontology language is a unique expression of photographic technology and art, including the use of film, exposure control, photographic lighting and composition management. Non-photographic language mainly refers to non-photographic means of expression that originally played an auxiliary role in photography, such as makeup, costumes, props and so on.

In these portrait photography, the photographic ontology language is generally diluted, and most of the few remaining photographic ontology languages have become a fixed pattern and routine, and even distorted. For example, in terms of light consumption, in order to cater to the tastes of the public, more positive light and soft light are used; In terms of exposure, overexposure is often used to make the skin appear whiter.

But all this is for the customer, and there is nothing wrong with it. Pleasure is to make customers and the general public feel physically and mentally happy. Therefore, this portrait photography itself is an important part of photography art, and it is this pleasing photography that attracts thousands of people to the studio and becomes an important economic pillar for the development of photography art in China, especially amateur photography art.

Since photographic works have the ability to attract the public, it shows that photographic works have the ability to guide the public's aesthetic tendency. This pleasing commercial portrait photography has been popular for ten years, and the aesthetic tendency of the public is also changing quietly.

Moreover, in recent years, with the outstanding contribution of a group of young photographers with great artistic expression to commercial photography, the current portrait photography is showing a booming trend.

Second, realistic.

The appearance of photography makes the problem of "likeness" of portrait reproduction easy, and the development of contemporary portrait photography seems to be out of this development direction. In particular, the current popular business portraits are less and less like themselves, and are farther away from the vivid. The vividness here is, of course, not just a simple "likeness", but a similarity in spirit and form on the basis of pleasing to the eye.

Portrait photography in this field generally has the following main characteristics:

1: Use photography ontology language and non-photography ontology language correctly.

The use of photography ontology language is not simply based on whether it is pleasing to the eye, but mainly depends on whether it can express the expression characteristics of the characters, the lighting is natural and elegant, the exposure is accurate, and the skin color and texture are normal. Cosmetic props should not be too ostentatious and grandstanding. The purpose of makeup is to hide something from time to time, not to set it off. Props are just decorations, not expressions.

2. Exquisite expression capture and eye shaping.

The capture of expression is the eternal theme of photographers, and it is also the key to whether a portrait photography can be vivid. In the feminine contemporary portrait photography, it should be said that it is very good at this point.

There is a lack in the shaping of eyes. This is mainly due to the dim light used in photography. The high profile created by the soft light on the front makes it difficult to highlight the eyes. Therefore, using light to express the characters' eyes is the key to achieve this state in portrait works.

Third, flying personality.

Personality publicity in portrait photography can be divided into two aspects, one is to publicize the personality of the subject, and the other is to publicize the personality of the photographer.

From the photographer's point of view, the purpose of taking portraits is nothing more than to remember, appreciate and show their personality charm. From this perspective, the photographer is helping the subject to show his personality charm. From the photographer's point of view, as a creator of works of art, he should express his photography creativity by means of photography and with the help of the performance ability of models, to reflect his photography style, and even to tell his true understanding of life through photography language.

Portrait photography in this field usually has the following characteristics:

1: the unique language of photography ontology

In the use of photographic language, the use of photographic language in the first realm of portrait photography is generally dull, the use of photographic language in the second realm tends to be natural, and the use of photographic language in the third realm focuses on highlighting.

Light is the most unique ontological language of photography.

For example, Mo Xie's "Two Feelings to the Shadow" skillfully uses shadows to create a wonderful illusion, which is unforgettable. Another example is Saint by Zhu Enguang, A Light by Colin Thomas, Pure by Saab Alexandra Sutton, and so on. The beauty of photography noumenon language is vividly reflected.

2. Unique and concise drama plot

For example, in the Shadow of Life filmed by Adler Mousavi, the hero and heroine in the picture tell an intriguing story in the light and shadow effect painstakingly managed by the photographer. It's not a TV series, but it seems to say more than a TV series. Of course, this work is also unique in lighting and composition.

3. Show a unique understanding of the relationship between man and nature.

Pure portrait photography may not include nature, but in this special era of environmental crisis, many photographers aim at nature and the relationship between man and nature. Or enthusiastic eulogy, or sharp criticism.

Carl Cowley's Man and the Sun and Yi's Man and the Sun both express the desire to integrate man and nature.

4. Strong visual impact

Whether it is clever lighting, clever composition, or innovative and bold lens application, its purpose is to produce strong visual effects.

Publicizing the subject's personality is to make people look unique and dramatic like photographs. The publicity of the photographer's personality should show his understanding of photography, the subject, portrait photography and even life through his own personalized photography ontology language, so in a sense, photography is the photographer's silent confession.

Fourth, the interpretation of life.

Great portrait photography is great because it depicts the souls of characters, because it eulogizes the greatness of life, because it records the spiritual outlook of an era, and because it records the joys and sorrows of human society.

From the individual point of view, great portrait photography profoundly records the inner world of the characters, whether sad or happy, or thinking or shouting. It is precisely because it presents the inner world of the characters that such photographic works give people a spiritual shock. At the same time eulogize the preciousness and greatness of life. In the face of such works, every audience will be proud of having life.

From the overall situation of human society, great portrait photography records the mental outlook of people in an era and the great joys and sorrows of human society. The significance of great portrait photography has completely surpassed the significance of ordinary portraits. It is a symbol of society, times and history. In this sense, the significance of portrait photography is far more than the publicity of the photographer's memory and personality.

Great portrait photography usually has the following characteristics.

1: Strong emotional impact

It embodies the value of life and eulogizes the greatness of life.

3. It reflects the joys and sorrows of human society.

4. It embodies the special personality charm of the subject.

5. Desalination of photographic language.

For example, the "Little Girl with Big Eyes" in the series of photos of Jie Hailong Hope Project captures the longing eyes of out-of-school children, carries the hopes of countless out-of-school children, and shakes the hearts of countless people. At the same time, it also makes this seemingly ordinary portrait photography work have extraordinary significance.

For example, the photo of "Three Black Children Running to Congress" taken by Hungarian photographer Martin Monkasi, which Bresson admired, made all observers realize the preciousness and greatness of life, although they didn't even see the faces of the three protagonists. The positive spirit of human society shown in this photographic work may make the viewer unforgettable all his life.

Another example is the shooting of Churchill by Halsman. His cold face and sharp eyes all show the inner world of this iron-fisted politician, which is also the spiritual symbol of that unforgettable era. And his Einstein has almost become a representative symbol of science. It is said that Einstein was lost in meditation on the atomic bomb that exploded in Hiroshima when he took this photo. As you can see, there is a heavy sadness in Einstein's wise eyes, which is also the most touching place of this photo. Of course, the success of these two photos is not unrelated to the special personality charm of the subjects. These great photographs all seem to have a common feature, that is, the language of photography itself tends to be dull.

Personal portrait

A photo is a photo that truly reflects what you look like in real life.

Portrait photography is not only to satisfy personal psychology, artistic pursuit and nostalgia for life, but is gradually transforming into an art market for personal life. The art market of personal life is to decorate every corner of personal life with your own beautiful moments. Whether in photo albums, walls, cars, wallets, clothes, etc. People are getting more and more dressed up.

Extended data:

Understand; Understanding

1. If you want to have an aesthetic view and regard yourself as an artist, you must have lofty personality and ideals.

2. I have materials to create beauty, and I can feel the existence of beauty and show it.

3. Creation is very important, and repetition is not allowed. Healthy works express the beauty of life and praise life through light, shadow and modeling.

Film selection

It is best to ask for the original film. Those pages that have been designed will mislead you. The most insidious thing is that on a page, the photo designer who takes ugly photos will arrange it very small, and there will be a big and beautiful photo on the same page, and you will ignore the small one.

Therefore, if you can only choose the layout, you must pay attention to those small photos and enlarge them. Otherwise, in the end, you don't know how to choose them to go home.

Baidu encyclopedia-personal photos

Baidu Encyclopedia-Pictures