Exposure skills in photography

As photographers, we all want to take beautiful photos, so we need to make the first exposure. Now I'm going to teach you some exposure skills.

First, correct exposure

Correct exposure should enable the film to obtain precisely adjusted quantitative light. In order to get the correct exposure film, the adjustment of shutter speed and aperture must be coordinated, but in order to adjust shutter speed and aperture accurately, the brightness of the subject must be measured first. At present, most cameras have their own exposure meters, which make it easy to measure light. If you know the principle of photometry, even if you use an automatic camera to take pictures, you can get better shooting results.

Understand the exposure meter: most single-lens reflex cameras have an exposure meter, which is mainly used in the measurement center. This kind of exposure meter measures the tone in the center of the picture more accurately than the tone at the edge of the picture. That is, when the main body is located in the center of the picture; Photometry is very accurate, and deviation from the center of the picture will produce errors.

Photometry of key parts: if the subject is not in the center of the picture, turn the camera to aim at the subject so that the subject is in the center of the picture; At the same time, write down the indicators of the exposure meter at this time. Then, re-align the original image and manually adjust it to the correct exposure combination according to the measured index.

Pay attention to accuracy: all exposure instruments assume that the object is normal gray tone, which leads to inaccurate metering of bright or dark objects; When shooting bright objects, use the index of 1? 2 aperture, for dark objects, the exposure should be reduced appropriately.

Taking pictures in the sun: When taking pictures on cloudy days, it is generally no problem not to measure the light carefully. However, when taking photos in sunny seasons, there will be great contrast, so it is necessary to measure the light in the dark and bright parts of the scene separately and take photos with their average exposure index.

Use a portable exposure meter: when shooting with a reversal film, you need to measure the subject carefully. Portable exposure meters can be used to measure the brightness of objects. A more accurate method than measuring reflected light will be introduced below.

Graded exposure method: this method is to take a photo according to the index of the exposure meter, and then take a photo with the index higher and lower than the index of the exposure meter. Of these three photos, just make sure one is exposed.

Second, exposure combination

Film exposure is affected by camera shutter speed and aperture size. Among them, the shutter speed affects the dynamic attitude effect of the object recorded on the film, and the aperture size affects the clarity and depth of field of the photo. Therefore, the combination of shutter speed and aperture must be used correctly to obtain an ideal shooting effect.

Thinking about shooting: You need to think carefully before shooting. What is the purpose of taking pictures, to make the picture fuzzy and dynamic? Or make the picture clear and realistic? Is it necessary to keep the focus of the subject? Does foreground blur improve the picture composition? Only when we have a clear understanding of these problems before shooting can we make reasonable adjustments to the shutter speed and aperture.

First determine the shutter speed: In order to control the appearance of the subject, the shutter speed must be determined first.

First determine the aperture: in order to control the depth of field of the picture, first determine the aperture size. Large aperture (low F value on the lens aperture ring) can keep the picture low definition, while small aperture (high F value) can increase the depth of field. In the process of using the speed priority camera, it can be found that the higher the shutter speed, the smaller the aperture f value in the viewfinder. Conversely, the larger the aperture f value, the slower the shutter speed.

Third, adjust the tone of exposure performance.

Adjusting the exposure index obtained by the exposure meter and consciously overexposing or underexposing the film can sometimes achieve good shooting results.

Use reversal film: In order to accurately control the tone of photos, you can use reversal film to take photos. Don't worry about the overexposure or underexposure of the negative film taken by color negative. It can be compensated when taking photos. Therefore, it is also feasible to change the exposure consciously.

Use overexposure to express high-profile: High-profile can make skin tone fade and tone clean in figure photography, and can produce a strong eye-catching atmosphere in landscape photography (referring to reverse film). Use underexposure to show a low profile: you can darken the tone and produce richer colors. If you shoot outdoors, dim colors and slight underexposure can make the scenery magically show the effect of a storm. Even in sunny weather. In addition, it can also produce thunderstorm effect in rainy days (referring to reversal film).

Fourth, the application of exposure range

Underexposure or overexposure is not always irreparable. Reversed films or negatives with exposure errors can sometimes be corrected in the process of making photos. Retro film can only withstand slight underexposure, while negative film can have greater tolerance.

Use color or black-and-white negatives: Both negatives are allowed to have large exposure errors, so you don't have to worry too much about inaccurate exposure when using them.

Color reversal film: The tolerance of color reversal film is very small. If the exposure is insufficient for some reason, the color density will increase. Underexposed reversal films can also be made up in the process of taking photos.

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