Characteristics of Lanzhou Folk Houses

People's Daily Online Gansu Window Lanzhou 65438+1October 29th According to Lanzhou Daily, short-sighted behavior of destroying cultural heritage is common in urban construction and transformation due to ignoring the value of historical and cultural heritage as cultural heritage and historical imprint. Modern avenues across the east, west, north and south, and buildings with high-rise buildings have replaced urban landmark landscapes such as bell towers, drum towers, watchtowers and ancient pagodas, and pieces of ancient dwellings and ancient pagodas with traditional features and rich historical and humanistic connotations have emerged. A few days ago, in the demolition project of Linxia Road, some old houses "surfaced", which once again attracted people's attention to the topic of ancient house protection. It is understood that there are few ancient houses left in Lanzhou, and they are scattered in every corner of the city. How to deal with these ancient dwellings and old houses, which record the folk life and cultural context of ancestors, and how to properly protect them have become a common concern of cultural relics departments and experts.

Demolition of Linxia Road and Demolition of Ancient Dwellings

On the 22nd, Ji Furong, deputy director of the Municipal Cultural Relics Bureau, told the reporter that the cultural relics staff observed from the height of the site that there should be six ancient houses in Linxia Road area, all of which are arranged in the north-south direction and belong to the same architectural style. But unfortunately, five of them have basically disappeared, and only Room 24 is barely complete. According to textual research, the ancient dwellings here should have a history of 100 years.

The reporter saw at the scene that Room 24 was covered with dust because of its age, but it still had a beautiful appearance and a solid frame. Go through a big car door and enter the front yard. There is a big ring tied with animals in the middle of the yard. If you go inside, you can see that there is a half wing left on the left and right sides. From the position, there should be four east-west wing rooms on each side. Looking up at the front, I saw a two-story building facing south, with a plaque hanging from an iron hook in the middle. Entering the building, you can see the stone carvings, wood carvings and brick carvings embedded in doors, windows and walls, which are exquisite, or Gu Zhuo, simple or exquisite, all of which are original. Walking into the ancient house, it seems that you can vaguely appreciate the rich folk culture brewed by the traditional life of Lanzhou people a hundred years ago.

According to Ji Furong, at present, the Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage has communicated with the departments responsible for demolition work, explicitly requesting the protection of the ancient dwellings at No.24 Linxia Road, and the follow-up protection work has also been actively cooperated by the demolition departments. Ji Furong said: "From the on-site investigation, the original site protection may not be great, but the preserved architectural framework and cultural characteristics have all been collected and recorded, and I believe it will be rebuilt in an appropriate place in the future."

Lanzhou ancient dwellings have been "black and blue"

Since the reform and opening up, it seems that a set of "standards" have been formed for what modernization is, that is, mosaic, glass curtain wall, high-rise building and overpass. Under the guidance of this sense of urban modernization, the pursuit of large-scale buildings and buildings has become a fashion. The stereotyped urban landscape not only devours the city's personality and characteristics, but also devours the historical and cultural heritage that can represent the city's personality.

Ji Furong told reporters that 60 years ago, the ancient houses in Lanzhou were concentrated in Zhongjiezi, Tongwei Road, Shangshui Lane, Xiashui Lane, Hou Xian Street and Houhou Street, which were well preserved, mostly facing north and south, and were mostly purchased by private capitalists at that time. The buildings are mainly quadrangles. It is a great pity that today, just a few decades later, most of these carriers that record Lanzhou's characteristic cultural heritage and historical precipitation are gone, leaving behind black and blue.

Ji Furong said: "Historical experience tells us that economic achievements are not enough to represent the success of urban construction, and a developed urban economy does not mean strong urban competitiveness. Under the background of rapid economic growth in our city, how to protect and make good use of historical and cultural heritage such as ancient dwellings, establish the image of the city and enhance its competitiveness has become an urgent problem to be solved in the development of modern Lanzhou. "

Expert: Can ancient dwellings be centrally "placed"?

The present situation of ancient houses in Lanzhou is not optimistic, and the future "way out" has attracted the attention of Lanzhou experts.

Guan Zhenxing, an expert from Lanzhou City's Office of Declaring Historical and Cultural Cities, told reporters that the complete quadrangles in Lanzhou basically do not exist, and there are only a few in remote areas. Once upon a time, these ancient houses in Jincheng a hundred years ago were filled with people's laughter and tears of life, and also witnessed the historical and cultural development of Lanzhou. Guan Zhenxing emphasized that protecting ancient houses in Lanzhou is not to protect their residential value, but more importantly to protect their historical and cultural values and sightseeing values. The disappearance of many cultural heritages, including folk houses, has gradually flattened the whole urban landscape, and the characteristics and personality of Lanzhou have also disappeared. In addition, the flat city has brought residents a sense of crisis and emptiness in urban culture and spirit, and even lost the identity of residents, resulting in confusion about "hometown" or "foreign land".

Regarding the future of ancient residential buildings in Lanzhou, Guan Zhenxing explained his thoughts to reporters: "Can scattered ancient residential buildings be gathered together to form a large-scale and cultural historical residential complex, which can not only be visited by people, but also enable the younger generation with little impression of old Lanzhou to understand the history of Lanzhou more intuitively, which not only preserves historical culture, but also creates tourism resources. In addition, if the bustling area of the city cannot be resettled, can you consider a slightly remote place, but not too far away, which is convenient for sightseeing and maintenance in the future. The surrounding environment hopes to be spacious and must not be caught in the middle of high-rise buildings. " Finally, Guan Zhenxing told reporters with emotion: "It would be great if a complete and relatively large-scale ancient residential complex was added to Lanzhou's application for a national historical and cultural city."

Urban planning should consider the way out of ancient dwellings

Urban modernization should include perfect infrastructure, modern urban layout, highly developed industrial system and powerful comprehensive service function, high-quality ecological environment, and profound humanistic soil and spiritual environment. Therefore, it is very important to protect the historical and cultural heritage in the city and the traditional features of ancient blocks and ancient buildings in historical and cultural cities for the inheritance and promotion of urban traditional culture and urban spirit.

Deng Ming, deputy director of the Municipal Local Records Office, told reporters that each city has its own development characteristics, and citizens living in different cities also have different personality characteristics. Behind the development of each city is its unique cultural heritage and historical accumulation, and its development process should be more a natural process than a man-made "design". At present, there are less than five ancient houses in Lanzhou, which are being submerged by modern buildings, and Lanzhou City is gradually losing its own characteristics. Deng Ming said: "I hope that in the future urban planning of Lanzhou City, the' way out' of ancient dwellings can be considered, and it should be the best choice to release the existing ancient dwellings from Jiuzhoutai and Nanbeishan, which have few modern buildings."

Having said that, Deng Ming seems to have conceived the appearance of ancient dwellings in his mind, and described to reporters with longing: "The house is best decorated with classical Ming and Qing wooden furniture, the room is decorated with ancient furniture, and then some small antiques are used as a vision. The entire Lanzhou folk culture and life style are integrated in such ancient dwellings and exquisitely displayed in every corner. "