Main attractions of Hongze Lake wetland in Sihong

The People's Government of Jiangsu Province approved the establishment of "Hongze Lake Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve in Sihong, Jiangsu Province" with document Su [200 1] 19 1 on October 3, 2006. This nature reserve is an extension of the original Maomaozui Wetland Ecological Nature Reserve. In addition to Maomaozui Nature Reserve, this nature reserve also includes a part of the original Chengtou Linchaichang Bird Nature Reserve, the whole Hongze Farm Bird Nature Reserve and the original planned Xiacaowan stratum profile. At present, it is the largest freshwater wetland nature reserve in the province.

Yangmaozui Wetland Ecological Nature Reserve

Maomaozui Wetland Nature Reserve is located in the west bank of Hongze Lake and the south of the county. It consists of natural wetland ecosystem centered on Maozui wetland and lakeside bird habitat in Hongze Lake area. In the region, there are vast tidal flats, well-preserved wetland ecosystems and rich biodiversity. It is also the wintering ground for many rare birds such as bustard, black stork, oriental white stork, red-crowned crane, crane and swan. The main protected objects are natural wetland ecosystems and rare and endangered birds such as bustard.

The nature reserve was approved by Sihong County People's Government in June, 1999, with a total area of120,000 mu. The core area is 50,000 mu, with Maomaozui as the center, with Lihe Waterway in the west, 2km in the east, Chengtou flood control levee in the north and1.5km in the south. The natural reeds in the core area are distributed in patches, which is the only natural wetland distribution area in Hongze Lake. Among them, there are about 20,000 mu of undisturbed natural wetlands and 30,000 mu of lightly disturbed beaches. At present, 50,000 mu of buffer zone and 20,000 mu of experimental zone are temporarily included. There are basically no residents in the core area, and there are no pollution-free industrial enterprises in the experimental area and buffer area. The main agricultural production methods are planting and aquaculture.

Nature reserves are obviously influenced by monsoon circulation, showing a typical mid-latitude warm temperate climate with mild climate and distinct four seasons. The average temperature is 14.3℃, the precipitation is 893.3 mm, the wetland is 60 cm deep all the year round, and the water body is clear and transparent. This area is rich in wildlife resources, and it is the wintering ground and habitat of birds under special protection in many countries. According to the investigation, there are 15 orders, 44 families and 194 species of birds, and there are 30 species of national key protected birds. Among them, bustard, white stork, black stork and red-crowned crane belong to the national first-class key protection; There are 26 species under second-class protection: white goose, mandarin duck, crane, swan with wart nose, whistling swan, white-tailed harrier, red-bellied eagle, long-eared kite and raptor.

Maomaozui Wetland Nature Reserve in Hongze Lake, Sihong County was officially named as "the first batch of environmental education bases in Jiangsu Province" by Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department. He has been interviewed by leaders, experts and journalists from State Environmental Protection Administration, Provincial Environmental Protection Department, Nanjing Institute of Lake Geography of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science of State Environmental Protection Administration and CCTV. Seven sets of CCTV's "Man and Nature" programs made special reports.

Hongze Lake is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China, with unique geographical location and diverse functions. It is an extremely important and representative inland wetland in China. Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve is the most complete wetland ecosystem in the whole Hongze Lake area, with complex wetland ecosystem types and rich biodiversity. 1994 The Action Plan for Biodiversity Protection in China formulated by China Municipal Government lists "Sihong and Hongze Lake Wetlands in Jiangsu Province" as the priority list for establishing new nature reserves in areas where biodiversity is in urgent need of protection. The list of national nature reserves to be built before 2000 listed in China Nature Reserve Development Plan also includes the plan to build a national wetland nature reserve in Hongze Lake wetland in Jiangsu.

Chengtoulinchaichang Bird Nature Reserve

Chengtou Linchaichang Bird Nature Reserve was approved by Sihong County People's Government in 1985, with a total area of 10000 hectares.

Located in the southeast of Sihong County and the west bank of Hongze Lake, the reserve is an ideal habitat for forest birds, waterfowl and wintering migratory birds. According to the investigation, there are more than 10 species of national key protected birds, including bustard, swan, crane and heron. Among them, there are 300~500 national first-class protected animals, which is the largest wintering habitat of great bustard in China and has certain international influence. 1988 A circular bird-watching platform of18m was established in the nature reserve for bird watching and investigation.

Hongze farm bird nature reserve

Hongze Farm Egret Nature Reserve is located at the intersection of Xuhonghe River and Hesui River on the northeast bank of Hongze Farm, bordering Longji Town and Taiping Town in the east, Hongze Lake in the south, Banzhen Town in the west, Sunyuan Town in the west, and Zhuhu Town and Ji Jie Town across the river in the north. After several years of careful protection and strict management, the nature reserve has been expanded from 2.25 square kilometers to 2 1 square kilometers, the number of birds in the nature reserve has increased greatly, and the popularity of the nature reserve has been greatly improved. In 2000, Sihong County People's Government applied to Suqian Municipal People's Government for approval, and officially upgraded Hongze Lake Farm Egret Nature Reserve to Hongze Lake Municipal Bird Nature Reserve. The reserve covers an area of 2 1 km2, including 2.25 km2 in the core area, 6.24 km2 in the buffer area and 2.51km2 in the experimental area.

Xiacaowan standard stratigraphic profile

Xiacaowan standard stratigraphic section is located in the west of the reserve, starting from the old Huaihe River in the west, cutting the ridge in Xiacaowan and reaching Hongze Lake in the east. It is 4.585km long and 1 ~ 2km wide, with a core area of 25 hectares. Xiacaowan geological section belongs to the lower member of the Middle Pleistocene in Quaternary strata, with gray-green and light-green clayey lithology, uniform clay texture, rich in calcareous nodules, and regular gray-white marl and iron-manganese nodules not far away. There are abundant fossils here, including China beaver, tiger, elephant, rhinoceros, deer and tortoise, especially China beaver. The protected Xiahuawan geological profile provides a scientific basis for dividing Quaternary strata and studying the origin, type, lithology, structure, composition and physical and chemical properties of soil-forming parent materials, which has important protection value.