What are the characteristics of specular reflection and diffuse reflection?

Specular reflection means that when the incident light is parallel light, it is reflected on a smooth mirror and emitted in the form of parallel light.

Diffuse reflection means that when the incident light is parallel light, it is reflected on a rough object, and the reflected light is emitted in all directions.

That is, the reflective surface of an object is smooth and the light is reflected in parallel, such as a mirror, water surface, etc.

A beam of parallel light hits a plane mirror, and the reflected light is parallel. This reflection is called specular reflection.

When a beam of light shines on scraggy's object, its reflected light also points in different directions, not parallel, so we can see the same object from different places. Otherwise, if they are all specular reflections, we can only see objects from specific places.

Specular reflection refers to the reflection of reflected waves (electromagnetic waves, or sound waves and water waves) in a certain direction; The included angle (reflection angle) between the reflected wave direction and the normal of the reflecting surface is equal to the included angle (incident angle) between the incident wave direction and the normal of the reflecting surface, and the incident wave and the reflected wave are in the same plane. When taking pictures, it is necessary to avoid the specular reflection light from entering the camera lens. Because the specular reflection light is extremely strong, it will form a white bright spot on the photo, which will affect the appearance of the ground object itself in the photo.

Specular reflection follows the law of light reflection.

When a beam of parallel incident light strikes a rough surface, the surface will reflect light in all directions, so although the incident light is parallel to each other, the reflected light will reflect irregularly in different directions because the normal directions of each point are inconsistent, which is called "diffuse reflection" or "diffusion". This reflected light is called diffused light. Many objects, such as plants, walls, clothes, etc. They seem to have smooth surfaces, but if you look closely with a magnifying glass, you will find that their surfaces are uneven, so the originally parallel sunlight is reflected by these surfaces and diffused in different directions.

Diffuse reflection light refers to the light emitted by the light source entering the sample and returning to the surface of the sample after repeated reflection, refraction, scattering and absorption. Diffuse reflection light is the light after analyzing the interaction with molecules in the sample, which carries rich information about the structure and organization of the sample. Compared with diffuse transmission light, transmitted light also carries the structure and organization information of the sample, but the intensity of transmitted light is affected by the thickness of the sample and the irregularity of the optical path during transmission. Therefore, diffuse reflection (diffuse reflection)

Integrating sphere is one of the commonly used accessories in diffuse reflection measurement. After the incident light enters the sample, part of the diffuse reflection light returns to the interior of the integrating sphere, where it is diffusely reflected for many times and then reaches the detector. Because the signal light emerges from the scattering plane and is integrated by the integrating sphere, it can overcome the influence of random factors in diffuse reflection measurement and improve the stability and repeatability of data.

Diffuse reflection follows the laws of light reflection and specular reflection.