A paper analyzing the relationship between film art and television art

A paper analyzing the relationship between film art and television art

Film and television art is the crystallization of science, technology and artistic creation. Science and art are the two major fruits of the great tree of human culture, and they are also a pair of beautiful wings of human civilization. The combination of the two is the fusion of truth and beauty, and the communication between rational logical thinking and emotional and visual aesthetic thinking. They support each other, complement each other, and complement each other to achieve the wonderful combination and sublimation of reason and emotion.

The discussion on the relationship between film art and television art has never stopped. In this article, the author attempts to put the relationship between the two in the dimensions of film and television language, history and technology. Among them, the evolution of technology and media is examined, and the connotations based on media forms are examined to analyze the relationship between film art and television art. Finally, it is proved that film art and television art are different stages of development of the same art form under the influence of technology and media.

1. Consider the relationship between film art and television art from the perspective of film and television language

There are broad and narrow understandings of language. Language in the narrow sense refers to human natural language, which is the main research object of linguistics. In the broad sense, language refers to all symbol systems that have some kind of communication function. In this sense, animal language, body language, formal language, logical language, computer language, film and television language, etc., can all be regarded as languages, and their types can be described as diverse and countless. The important concept of this article - film and television language, is neither broad language nor narrow language. Film and television language is the product of the combination of broad language and narrow language, so it has the characteristics of both. It can be seen that film and television language is a comprehensive language. Specifically, film and television language consists of two parts: picture language and character language. Picture language is the part that audiences of film and television works interpret visually, while character language is the part that is understood through hearing. Therefore, film and television language can also be called audio-visual language. If a film and television work is regarded as a text, then the film and television language is an organic whole composed of picture text and verbal text. Picture text and speech text are each composed of a large number of sub-texts. Picture sub-text includes shots, scenes, paragraphs, etc. These picture sub-texts are composed of scenes shot from various angles, such as panorama, long shot, medium shot, close shot, close-up, etc. The speech sub-text includes character speech that is closely connected with the above-mentioned picture sub-text. The smallest ideographic units in these sub-texts belong to the "vocabulary" part of film and television language.

There is no essential difference between the audio-visual language, the ultimate carrier of film art and television art. Movies and TV series, whether it is picture language or character language, they all spread some thoughts and emotions to people by recording and expressing character characteristics or recording storylines, and achieve the effect of creating a buzz with the audience through audio-visual language. From this perspective, there is essentially no difference between film art and television art.

2. Consider the relationship between film art and television art from the perspective of the history and technological evolution of film and television art

Henry Breaches also pointed out: "Technically speaking, Mass media technology is getting closer and closer. From a production perspective, the differences between film, video, and computer technology are disappearing. From a technical perspective, the difference between film and television has lost its meaning today. The high-definition television camera is actually a movie camera, and the way our students make movies in the future will rely heavily on video and computer technology."

"The Seventh Art Manifesto" refers to film. It is called the seventh art. Since Baird invented television, television has been increasingly recognized as the eighth art by the world, so the concept of television art has also been born and widely recognized. The relationship between film and television art, that is, the relationship between film art and television art. The so-called film art is an art that uses modern technology as a means to evolve from pure visual art to audio-visual art, using sound and visual images as a medium to express people's emotions in real life as well as visual spectacles and other various contents. Television art, on the other hand, uses electronic technology as a means of communication, sound and picture modeling as a means of communication, uses artistic aesthetic thinking to grasp and express the objective world, and creates a distinctive screen image to achieve a screen art form that aims at emotions. We can see that both definitions are coordinates defined by different characteristics of the medium. If you place this coordinate in the historical dimension, you can see that the difference between the two is disappearing.

On December 28, 1895, after the French Lumière brothers successfully screened the film at the Café No. 14, rue Capucine in Paris, cinema was born. In 1924, the British Baird invented the most primitive television, which used electricity to transmit images. There is a 29-year difference between the two. Although there has always been the concept that television has seriously impacted the film market, they are still developing along different trajectories, running in parallel and complementing each other. In the order of time, film technology precedes television technology. The artistic expression form of television is developed based on the artistic expression form of film, so the two are different stages of development of the same art. From the perspective of the sequence of the birth of technology, film is the lower stage of film and television art, and television is the advanced stage of film and television art.

But with the development of technology, the relationship between the two is also changing.

In the traditional sense, movies are released in movie theaters. The theater creates a special environment with the media characteristics of a large screen, high-fidelity sound, and a dark viewing environment. The audience can achieve a state of "immersion" in the influence of many moviegoers and the darkness. Now with the help of higher-tech 3D technology, the characteristics of this medium are brought into full play. The characteristics of film art always rely on the characteristics of the media form of film. Due to its small screen, the sound effect is not that good, and due to the limitations of the viewing environment, the audience cannot achieve the so-called "immersion" state. The characteristics of the medium seem to control the content. There are very few spectacles and sights shown in TV dramas, and most of them are based on plot and emotion. However, with the attention of history, we will also see that with the advancement of technology, TV sets, as a technologically advanced product, are quietly changing: the screen is getting larger and larger, the definition is getting higher and higher, and the screen is changing Evolving towards the aspect ratio of movies.

As TV changes, the content displayed on TV is changing. For example, in the United States, large-scale productions worth hundreds of millions of dollars like "The Pacific War" are broadcast as TV series. It can be used as a typical example. Moreover, most of the American dramas that are popular on the Internet are produced while broadcasting and filming, and the clarity of the pictures and production techniques are all based on movie standards. Most of the TV producers are people who have been engaged in film production before, and investors are willing to spend a lot of money to shoot TV series with film art characteristics to win market profits. Therefore, in the United States, which is now technologically advanced, the media form of television is taking on the characteristics of film art.

As the American film theorist Professor Henry Bratchers pointed out in the article "Making Movies for Television: The Best Cases of Film and Television Convergence": "At the current stage of evolution of film and television media, it is best not to The two are regarded as two different technologies that are separated from each other, but as entities that combine production and distribution. In the United States and many European countries, many programs received from television are actually produced by the film industry. Film companies are inextricably linked to TV program producers and distributors. "We can use technology as the basis and the history of media evolution as the core, assuming that the screen size, definition and other technical indicators of TV can reach the level of movies. level, then the difference between film art and television art will disappear. In other words, the content based on the form of technical forging will also tend to be unified.

3. The convergence of film and television technology will also bring about the convergence of film and television art.

Film art and television art present themselves relying on their respective media forms. Characteristics of. Innis has different preferences for different forms of media in "The Bias of Empire". The content carried by the media will affect the rise and fall of an enemy country. Thinking about this, the development of television technology will bring about the convergence of film and television content. The production cost of flat-panel TVs based on plasma or liquid crystal technology is getting lower and lower, and the consumption power of large-screen TVs is not out of reach for ordinary people. 3D effect movies can already be played on TV, and high-definition movies can also be played on TV.

The movie viewing scene has been separated from the uniqueness of the cinema. If economic conditions permit, the development of modern TV manufacturing technology can meet people's requirements for watching movies at home. With the development of new media, the advent of flat-panel TVs, tablet computers, etc. will also change the way people watch movies. But this does not mean the death of movie theaters. Movies will definitely find a new position when television may be overtaking them in terms of technology and content.

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