Physical examination of what?

Physical examination should determine the key examination items according to different ages, generally including the following items:

1. Physical examination:

Physical examination is the basis of physical examination. By measuring the height, weight, waist circumference and other indicators, the doctor can initially assess your overall health. In addition, measuring blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate are also common physical examination items, which can help doctors evaluate your cardiovascular system function.

2. Routine blood tests:

Routine blood examination is to take a certain amount of blood samples to detect various indicators in the blood, including red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, platelet count and so on. These indicators can reflect your anemia risk, infection and other possible blood problems.

3. Routine urine examination:

Routine urine examination can detect protein, glucose, red blood cells, white blood cells and other indicators in urine. The abnormality of these indicators may indicate that there are problems in the urinary system, such as urinary tract infection and kidney disease.

4. Blood lipid examination:

A blood lipid test can evaluate the fat content in your blood, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These indicators are very important for evaluating your cardiovascular health. Hyperlipidemia may increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.

5. Liver function test:

Liver function tests can evaluate the function and health status of the liver, including measuring the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and protein in blood. These indicators can help doctors assess whether your liver is damaged and whether you have diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis.

6. Renal function examination:

Renal function examination can evaluate the filtration function and excretion function of the kidney, including the detection of creatinine, urea nitrogen and other indicators in the blood. These indicators can reflect your kidney health and help doctors know whether there is renal insufficiency or other kidney problems.

7. Blood sugar test:

Blood sugar test is an important index to evaluate your blood sugar level. Hyperglycemia may be an early sign of diabetes, which is one of the common chronic diseases in middle-aged people. By regularly checking blood sugar, diabetes can be detected and controlled early and the risk of complications can be reduced.

8. Breast examination (female):

Middle-aged women should have regular breast examinations in order to find breast problems at an early stage, including breast hyperplasia, breast cysts and breast cancer. Common breast examination methods include breast palpation, breast ultrasound and mammography (mammography).

9. Prostate examination (male):

For middle-aged men, the evaluation of prostate health is also very important. Prostate examination can be performed by digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test. These tests can help early detection of prostate hyperplasia, prostatitis and prostate cancer.

10. Bone mineral density examination:

The risk of osteoporosis in middle-aged people increases. Bone mineral density examination can evaluate the health of bones and find signs of osteoporosis early. The common bone mineral density examination methods are dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bone ultrasound.

1 1. ECG:

Electrocardiogram can evaluate the electrical activity of the heart and detect whether there are arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia and other problems. For middle-aged people, heart health is very important, and ECG examination can provide important information about heart function.

12. chest x-ray:

Chest X-ray examination can help doctors find lung diseases, such as lung infection, tuberculosis and lung cancer. For middle-aged people, chest X-ray examination can be used as a routine screening method, as well as early detection and treatment of potential lung health problems.

13. Abdominal ultrasound:

Abdominal ultrasound can evaluate the health status of abdominal internal organs, including liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and kidney. Through ultrasonic imaging, doctors can observe the structure and function of these organs and find tumors, stones, cysts and other problems at an early stage.

14. Ultrasonic examination of cervical blood vessels:

Carotid ultrasound can evaluate the condition of carotid artery and internal jugular vein, and detect whether there are carotid stenosis, carotid plaque and other problems. This examination is very important for evaluating the cerebrovascular health of middle-aged people and can help prevent complications such as stroke.

15. Bone and joint examination:

Middle-aged people often face joint problems such as arthritis and osteoporosis. Bone and joint examination can evaluate the structure and function of joints by X-ray and MRI, and detect whether there are problems such as fracture, arthritis and cartilage wear.