Who knows the information of infrared remote sensing? Thank you.

Remote sensing uses remote sensors to detect the characteristics of ground objects from the air. According to the principle that different objects have different responses to the spectrum, it is of great significance to recognize various ground objects on the ground. That is to say, remote sensors on flying objects such as airplanes, spaceships and satellites above the ground are used to collect ground data and obtain information from them, and ground objects can be identified through recording, transmission, analysis and interpretation.

The main features of remote sensing technology are:

1. A wide range of data can be obtained. The flying height of aerial photography plane used for remote sensing is about 10km, and the satellite orbit height of land satellite is about 9 10km, which can obtain a wide range of information in time. For example, a Landsat image can cover more than 30,000 square kilometers. This kind of image showing the macroscopic scene is extremely important for analyzing the earth's resources and environment.

2. The speed of obtaining information is fast and the period is short. Because the satellite orbits the earth, it can get the latest information of various natural phenomena passing through the region in time, so as to update the original information or carry out dynamic monitoring according to the changes of old and new information, which is incomparable to manual field measurement and aerial photogrammetry. For example, Landsat 4 and 5 can cover the earth once every 16 days, and NOAA meteorological satellites can receive images twice a day. Meteorological satellites acquire images of the same area every 30 minutes.

3. Access to information is less restricted by conditions. There are many places on the earth, where the natural conditions are extremely bad and it is difficult for human beings to reach, such as deserts, swamps and mountains. Using remote sensing technology, especially space remote sensing, which is not limited by ground conditions, can obtain all kinds of valuable information conveniently and timely.

4. There are many ways to get information, and there is a lot of information. According to different tasks, remote sensing technology can choose different bands and remote sensing instruments to obtain information. For example, visible light can be used to detect objects, and ultraviolet, infrared and microwave can also be used to detect objects. Using the different penetrability of different wave bands to objects, we can also obtain the internal information of ground objects. For example, the microwave band can also work around the clock in the depths of the ground, under the water, under the ice water body and under the desert.

The amount of information obtained by remote sensing technology is huge, and its processing means are beyond human reach. For example, the TM image of Landsat satellite, a map covering the ground area of 185km× 185km, has a pixel spatial resolution of 30m, a pixel spectral resolution of 28 bits and a data volume of about 6000×6000=36Mb. If all six frequency bands are sent to the computer, the amount of data is:

36Mb×6=2 16Mb

In order to improve the processing speed of this massive data, remote sensing digital image technology has developed rapidly.

At present, remote sensing technology has been widely used in agriculture, forestry, geology, ocean, meteorology, hydrology, military affairs, environmental protection and other fields. In the next decade, remote sensing technology is expected to enter a new stage, which can provide various earth observation data quickly and timely. The spatial resolution, spectral resolution and temporal resolution of remote sensing images will be greatly improved. With the development of space technology, especially the development and mutual penetration of geographic information system and global positioning system technology, its application field will be more and more extensive.

Remote sensing, in a broad sense, refers to the technology of detecting and sensing objects or things from a distance. That is, without direct contact with the object itself, information (such as electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic wave, seismic wave, etc. ) is detected and received by instruments (sensors) from a distance, and the attributes and distribution characteristics of objects are identified through information transmission and processing analysis.

Usually, remote sensing refers to air-to-ground remote sensing, which is a comprehensive technology to detect electromagnetic wave (radiation) information on the earth's surface through sensors on different working platforms (such as towers, balloons, airplanes, rockets, artificial earth satellites, spacecraft, space shuttles, etc.) far away from the ground. ) and detect and monitor the earth's resources and environment through information transmission, processing and interpretation.

At present, remote sensing has formed a multi-level, multi-angle and multi-field observation system to detect and monitor the world from the ground to the air, even to the space, from information data collection, processing to interpretation and application, and has become an important means to obtain information on the earth's resources and environment.

The application of remote sensing in geography has further promoted the research and development of geography and brought geography into a new stage of development.

The application of remote sensing information is the ultimate goal of remote sensing. Remote sensing application should choose appropriate remote sensing information and its working methods according to the needs of professional objectives in order to achieve better social and economic benefits.

Remote sensing technology system is a complete unity. It is based on modern science and technology such as space technology, electronic technology, computer technology, biology, earth science and so on, and it is a powerful technical guarantee for completing the remote sensing process.