Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography and portraiture - What stories does Edison have?
What stories does Edison have?
(1) Synchronous transmitter
Early telegraphs could only transmit one message at a time and could not exchange signals at the same time. Since Edison himself was a telegraph technician, he set out to improve the traditional In 1874, he developed a quadruple telegraph machine, also known as a synchronous telegraph machine. At a time when radio had not yet been developed, the synchronized transmitter was a major breakthrough. (2) Improved telephones We all know that the modern telephone was invented by Bell. In fact, the fact that the telephone can receive and send calls clearly is thanks to Edison's experiments again and again, breaking through the traditional stereotypes and creating a toner delivery system. The microphone has improved the sensitivity, volume, and reception distance of the phone in one fell swoop. Otherwise, when we make calls now, we will still often say: Hello! Hello! I can’t hear you, I can’t hear you clearly.
(3) Gramophone
One night in December 1877, the staff of the Mengluoyuan Laboratory shivered slightly, not because of the cold, but because they heard the phonograph. This great invention left a sound for the first time. No introduction is needed. Everyone can understand how wide its applications are. The French government even awarded Edison the title of Sir for this! Later, Edison improved the phonograph many times until he changed the drum type to the bakelite turntable type. This was not just one or two years, but decades of continuous improvement. Improvement!
(4) Electric light - the messenger of light
At the beginning of the 19th century, people began to use gas lamps (gas lamps), but the gas was supplied by pipelines. Once the gas leaked or Blockage is very easy to cause accidents. People are very eager for the reform of lighting. In fact, Edison set himself an impossible task: in addition to improving lighting, he also had to create a system for powering electricity.
So he and his partners at Mengluoyuan worked tirelessly on more than 1,600 experiments on heat-resistant materials and more than 600 kinds of plant fibers before creating the first carbon filament light bulb that could burn in one go. 45 hours. Later, he continued to improve the manufacturing method on this basis, and finally launched a bamboo filament light bulb that can burn for 1,200 hours.
In the mid-1880s, Edison's electric light business achieved success. This success brought him greater reputation than any previous achievement. Before the mid-1980s, he rarely made mistakes. After the mid-1980s, although he made great achievements, failures were common. One of Edison's least praiseworthy acts was his criticism of alternating current, saying that it had unspecified side effects that could cause death and injury. Therefore, some people said, "It is very contradictory for a person like him who has made many inventions by himself to attack other people's new inventions." He opposed the use of alternating current and favored direct current, so he was involved in a fierce debate. Lost in stubborn argument. In this regard, it reflects the stubborn and conservative shortcomings that gradually developed after Edison became a celebrity.
(5) Copier
At first, the paraffin paper invented by Edison was only widely used in food and candy packaging materials. Later, he tried to carve text outlines on the wax paper to form A piece of paraffin engraving paper was placed under the paper with white paper, and then an ink roller was used to roll the ink from the paraffin paper. A wonderful thing happened, and clear writing appeared on the white paper. After many improvements and experiments, in 1876, Edison began mass production of the copier he invented. All of a sudden, agencies, schools, institutions, and groups all used this wax paper mimeograph machine. Due to the popularity of Edison's copiers, which became popular all over the world, Edison deeply realized that he should invent something that people generally and deeply need.
On October 11, 1868, he invented the "voting counter" and obtained his first patent.
In October 1869, he co-founded the "Pop-Edison Company" with friends.
In 1870, he invented a general-purpose printing press and sold the patent rights for US$40,000. Set up its own manufacturing plant in New York.
From 1872 to 1876, he invented the electric telegraph, the automatic repeater telegraph method, the double and quadruple telegraph methods, and manufactured wax paper carbon resistors.
In 1875, the acoustic wave analysis resonator was invented.
In 1876, a laboratory - the first industrial research laboratory - was established in Menlo Park, New Jersey. It was the origin of the modern concept of a "study group." Invented the carbon rod microphone. Apply for a patent for the telegraph automatic recording machine.
In 1877, the early telephone invented by Bell was improved and put into practical use in Menlo Park. Obtained three patents: perforated pen, pneumatic stylus and ordinary stylus. On August 20th, what proved to be one of Edison's favorite projects - the phonograph - was invented.
In 1878, Edison claimed to solve the problem of electric lighting. The Royal Society holds a gramophone exhibition. Improved phonographs, designed microphones, amplifiers, aerial speakers, sound engines, tuning engines, microthermometers, taste testers, etc. Obtained patent for phonograph on February 19th. In July, he went to Wyoming with Professor Pike of the University of Pennsylvania to observe the total solar eclipse, and used the thermometer he invented to measure the temperature of the entire area around the sun. Returned to Menlo Park in August and returned to scientific research and experiments. Britain approves Edison's patent application for "Video Recorder". William Wallace visited Connecticut in September. Started research into inventing the electric light.
On October 5, a patent application for a platinum wire "electric lamp" was filed.
In 1879-1880, after thousands of setbacks, the high-resistance incandescent lamp was invented. Improved generator. Design new current distribution methods, circuit alignment and calculation methods. Invented the light bulb holder and switch. Invented the magnetic mineral separation method.
On August 30, 1879, Edison and Bell each demonstrated telephone devices at Saratoga Creek City Hall. Edison's phone turned out to be clearer than Bell's. On October 21, the high-resistance incandescent lamp was invented, which burned continuously for 40 hours. Application for carbon filament lamp patent on November 1st. On December 21, the New York Express reported on Edison's incandescent light bulb. On December 25, a public light show was held in Menlo Park for 3,000 visitors from New York City.
In 1880, helicopters were studied. Obtained patent rights for electric light invention. Made into a magnetic screener. On January 28, the patent document for "Electric Power Transmission and Distribution System" was submitted. On February 18, "Scribe's Monthly" published the article "Edison's Electric Light", officially announcing the invention of the electric light. In May, the first ship "Columbia" illuminated by electric lights successfully made its trial voyage.
In December, the New York Edison Electric Lighting Company was established.
In 1881, the Fifth Avenue headquarters in New York was established. An incandescent lamp factory is established in New York City. Set up manufacturing plants for generators, underground wires, and electric light parts. Experimenting with trolleys in Menlo Park.
In 1882, the three-wire current distribution system was invented. Applied for 141 patents. The first central factory was established on September 4. At the end of December, more than 150 small power stations were established across the United States.
On May 23, 1885, a wireless telegraph patent was filed.
From 1887 to 1890, he improved the cylindrical phonograph and obtained more than 80 patent rights for phonographs. Engaged in manufacturing and selling phonographs, records, talking machines, etc.
In 1888, the drum-type phonograph was invented.
In 1889, he participated in the Centenary Exposition in Paris. Invented many types of electric railways. Complete the moving movie machine. Edison
1890-1899, designed large stone crushers and grinders. Personally directed the large-scale development of iron ore using new methods at the Ogden Mine.
In 1891, he invented the "Edison Concentrator" and began to operate his own mining business. Obtained the patent for "Kinet Cinema Projector". The first successful movable motion picture telescope was demonstrated to the public on May 20 at the Edison Laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey.
In 1893, the world's first movie "studio" was built in the courtyard of Edison's laboratory.
On April 14, 1894, the first kinetoscope theater opened in New York.
On April 23, 1896, the "Vita Projector" was used for the first time to show a film at Coster-Beyer's Music Hall in New York, and it was warmly welcomed by the public.
In 1902, a test using a new type of battery for vehicle power was successful. The range was 5,000 miles and it could travel 100 miles per charge.
In 1903, Edison's company produced its first feature film, "Train Robbery."
In 1909, ten years of research on storage batteries finally succeeded. Make a fax telegram. Obtained design patents for raw material machine, fine grinding machine and long kiln.
From 1910 to 1914, the disc phonograph was completed, which did not damage records and diamond records. Completed talkie machine.
In 1910, the "disc record" was invented.
In 1912, "talkies" were invented. Developed into a speech phonograph.
In 1914-1915, the comprehensive manufacturing method of carbolic acid was invented, and the phonograph and telegraph machine were combined into a remote writing machine. One telephone can automatically record the other party's speech. Manufacture benzene, indigo oil, etc. by ourselves.
From 1915 to 1918, 39 inventions were completed, the most famous of which were torpedo mechanical devices, flamethrowers and underwater periscopes.
In 1927, the long-term record was completed.
In 1928, rubber was successfully extracted from weeds
On October 18, 1931, Edison died in West Orange at the age of 84. On October 21, 1931, the whole nation America turns off its lights in mourning.
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