Photoshop︱-Detailed Introductory Notes (4) Understanding of Constituency

Taking PhotoshopCS3 as an example, * * * includes the following six detailed notes.

It has been introduced in detail in Photoshop︱-Detailed introduction notes (1), so I won't repeat it here.

This has been described in detail in Photoshop︱-detailed introductory note ②, so I won't repeat it here.

This point has been introduced in detail in Photoshop︱-detailed introductory note ③, so I won't repeat it here.

(A) the definition of constituency

1. Selection: When editing an image, you need to process pixels in a certain part of the layer, and select this part separately. The selected part is called a selection.

2. Ant line: In PS, the selection area is a closed area of swimming dotted line, which looks like a group of moving ants, commonly known as ant line. (pictured)

(2) the type of constituency

Including formal and informal constituencies.

(3), the basic nature of the constituency

1, establishment of constituency

(1). General selection: rectangle box selection tool, ellipse box selection tool, single box selection tool and single box selection tool.

The above marquee tools are used to create a selection with a relatively simple geometry.

(2) Irregular selection (arbitrary selection): magic wand tool, lasso tool, polygonal lasso tool, magnetic lasso tool, quick selection tool and pen tool.

The box selection tool above is used to create a selection area with complex geometry. I mainly use magic wand tools to explain in detail how these tools are applied to the constituency.

First, the wand tool

For example, I want to create a picture with the selected leaves on the left, and then put the leaves in another background. The magic wand tool will be used here.

Introduction to wand

Learn about some basic icons and concepts in the magic wand tool first. After clicking the magic wand tool in the toolbar, the tool panel is as shown in the figure. From left to right: A. is a new choice, B. is an added choice, C. is a subtracted choice, D. is a crossed choice, E. is a tolerance, and F. is continuous.

Tolerance: Simply put, it is tolerance for differences, which refers to the color closeness of the selected images. In other words, the greater the tolerance, the greater the color span of the image and the larger the selected area. Should the tolerance be increased or decreased? According to the actual picture, if you click the magic wand, it will select all the backgrounds together with some images to be cut, so you should turn it down. If only a small part of the background is selected after clicking, turn it over.

Continuous: it means that when selecting image color, only one area color can be selected, but not across areas. For example, if there are several plates with the same color (disjoint) in an image, select continuous and select one plate, so that only one plate can be selected. If there is no point continuity, all plates with the same color in the whole image can be selected.

Magic wand matting is explained in detail with practical examples.

Step 1: Open the ps software and import (file-open) "Leaves" as shown in the figure. Of course, when importing photos, you can also choose a shortcut, double-click the workspace directly (the gray area in the figure), and then select the photos to import.

Step 2, click the "magic wand" tool; In the "magic wand" toolbar above, generally check the "continuous" item; Fill in the "tolerance" value of about "20" (the tolerance value can be adjusted according to the later effect).

Step 3: Use the magic wand tool. After clicking on the background, the background color surrounded by ant lines will appear. In fact, the area surrounded by the ant line here is a constituency. If you are not satisfied with the selected range, you can press Ctrl+D to cancel the selection, then adjust the tolerance value of the previous step and re-select. As the picture shows, there is an ant line selection between the background and the leaves, but there is a missing area in the middle of the leaves.

The fourth step is to hold down the shift key in the discontinuous place, and then click with the magic wand to continuously increase the selection range. (or choose B. Add the selection as mentioned above, and then click directly. )

Fifth, edge burrs and some details can be decorated with feathering. Press the shortcut key Ctrl+Alt+D to get the feathering option, and then set the feathering value, the size depends on the figure, generally set 2 pixels, and press the Delete key. If the effect is not good, you can continue to press the Delete key twice. If you feel that the feathering range is large, press Ctrl+Z to exit, then modify the feathering value and delete it again.

Step 6, press the shortcut key (Ctrl+Shift+I) to reverse the selection, and you can see that the ant line has surrounded the leaves to be buckled. At this point, we have established a complex choice for this leaf that is completely suitable for its edge. Then execute the copy command to get a new layer, close the small eyes in front of the background layer, and you can see that the required image has been dug out.

Step 7, change the required background, click File-Save As, select the storage location of the picture, enter the file name in the file name, and select jpeg in the format, and you're done.

Use the magic wand to create additional renderings of the selection you want to mine:

Lasso tool

As shown in the figure, it is used to create free-form choices. For example, a constituency similar to the word "mountain" was randomly established here.

Usage: Hold down the left mouse button in the workspace and drag at will. When released, you can create a selection that matches the drag trajectory. If you are not satisfied with the selection, please press Ctrl+z to cancel the selection.

C, polygonal lasso tool

It is used to create regular polygon selections. For example, a polygon selection similar to "fish" is randomly established here.

Usage: Click with the left mouse button in the workspace at will, and a straight line will be formed between the two click points before and after, until the last click point coincides with the first click point, and a polygon selection can be formed. If you are not satisfied with the selection, please press Ctrl+z to cancel the selection.

(4), magnetic lasso tools

It is used to establish the selection of images with obvious edges. Generally speaking, moving the mouse along the edge of the object and closing the starting point will form a choice. For example, use the Magnetic Lasso Tool to create the following selections.

2, the choice of operation

As shown in the above figure, a. create new constituencies, b. increase constituencies, c. reduce constituencies, and d. cross constituencies.

A. Establishment of new constituencies

B. Add a constituency

C. Constituency reduction

D. Constituency crossing

3. Movement of constituencies

First determine the currently selected selection tool, then press the left mouse button in the selection area and drag it to a new position, or use the arrow keys to make fine adjustments.

4. Storage of electoral districts

In a picture, when a complete selection is established, if you want to save this selection, click "Select-Save Selection" directly, and the dialog box as shown in the figure will appear. Enter text to set a name, and then click OK to save the saved selection with this picture. (Open this picture later, and you can load the selection you just saved. )

5. Loading of Selection Area

When you need to load the stored selection, just click "Select-Load Selection".

6. Feathers

Feathering principle: it is to empty the connected parts inside and outside the constituency and play the role of natural connection.

Why the selection should be feathered: The images we often deal with are bitmaps, so the edges will be jagged, which makes the image look stiff, so we often use feathering to eliminate the jaggies.

Feather shortcut key: Ctrl+Alt+D

Shortcut key to deselect: Ctrl+D.

Constituency is also an important part of ps, involving many tools. You can probably master so much if you get started.

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