Camera adjustment of broadcast camera

I. Adjustment: (Applicable to equipment used by * *, not used by special personnel)

First, check whether the viewfinder display is standard, and the setting state and position of the gain switch, aperture and shutter.

1, hit the * * generator, and adjust the brightness contrast of the viewfinder, so as to get a truly standard TV image and prepare for the subsequent shooting.

Experience: the performance of the viewfinder directly affects the photographer's judgment of the scene. Experienced people will know if the viewfinder is standard after opening it. Beginners can not only cultivate good work habits by adjusting the finder, but also find problems in time to facilitate their work. Need to adjust brightness, contrast and sharpness.

2. The initial standard of gain switching is 0dB. When the aperture is the largest, the shutter speed is the slowest, and the light input is still insufficient (low illumination), you can turn on the gain switches 3dB, 6dB, or even more.

Experience: If objective conditions permit, try not to use the gain switch. Although the picture brightness has improved, the signal quality has decreased. Because at the same time, the noise is amplified.

3. The aperture has automatic aperture and manual aperture. The automatic aperture is driven by a motor and automatically zooms with the change of external light. People with little experience often like automatic aperture, which saves worry and effort and doesn't have to worry about forgetting to adjust. The manual aperture can be adjusted subjectively and freely according to the shooting intention, and is not affected by the outside world.

Experience: automatic aperture is convenient and safe, but there will be light and shade changes. Automatic scaling (e.g. panning). Thereby affecting the picture quality and the mood of the audience. Moreover, when the camera is aging, the automatic aperture may shake, causing the picture to flicker. Manual aperture plays an important role in shooting backlight and intentionally reducing or improving the brightness of the picture. When shooting a moving lens, the brightness of the object may change significantly. We can take the middle value between the starting frame and the aperture of the left picture or manually adjust it gradually, and slowly enlarge or reduce the aperture without the audience noticing, so as to keep the brightness of the picture stable all the time.

4. The standard speed of the shutter is 1/60s. In normal shooting work, it is enough. Generally, the maximum is: 1/2000 seconds. Increase the shutter speed by one level and decrease the aperture by one level, just like photography.

Experience: When shooting high-speed moving objects, you need to consider whether to use it in editing: freeze, slow play, etc. If possible, you should adjust and increase the shutter speed. Television, especially CRT of computer, has a high scanning frequency. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the shutter speed (scanning frequency) to avoid rolling and flickering of the TV picture.

Second, the adjustment of the filter:

Usually a camera has four filters: 3200K, 5600K, 5600K+ 1/4ND, 5600k+116nd.

Incandescent lamp, sunrise and night color temperature of 3200K, use 3200 k.

5600K is used in daytime, when the color temperature of fluorescent lamp is 5600 k.

5600K+ 1/4ND can attenuate the aperture, for example, 5600k+116nd can attenuate the aperture of four gears.

They are equivalent to the role of light-type and sunshine-type films in photography.

Experience: Adjust the filter to white balance. Adjust the filter according to the color temperature of the shooting scene. Sometimes at the color temperature of 5600K, the aperture is the largest and the speed is the slowest, but the luminous flux is still insufficient (for example, under indoor fluorescent lamps). You can also adjust the white balance with a 3200K filter, which is equivalent to increasing the first aperture and increasing the luminous flux.

Different color filters can produce different effects at different color temperatures. When shooting a 3200K scene with a 5600K filter, the picture can be warmer. Take a 5600K landscape with a 3200K filter, and the picture can be cold. For example, if you narrow the aperture, you can shoot the effect at night in the daytime light.

Third, black balance:

When the camera is not used for a long time or the ambient temperature changes greatly, it needs to be adjusted. Black balance is the basis of accurate white balance. Turn on the adjustment switch, whether the aperture is manual or automatic, it will be closed, and the viewfinder will display 0K, at this time, adjust the black balance.

Experience: generally no adjustment is needed.

Fourth, white balance: In order to accurately reproduce the color of the scene, the camera is equipped with: manual adjustment of white balance and automatic tracking of white balance.

Manually adjust the white balance: First, select the appropriate filter, aim at the white object with large focal length, and fill at least 90% of the picture (50% is also acceptable in practice), then flip the switch and display OK.

Auto-tracking white balance: When the camera moves and the light changes, the camera can automatically track and adjust the white balance in real time. It is convenient and quick to use.

White balance preset file: Turn on this switch to preset the standard value of white balance when the camera leaves the factory.

White balance A and B storage: You can store the adjusted white balance in two shooting environments in A and B ... Call at any time.

Experience: Auto-tracking white balance is fast and convenient, but it is found to be reddish when used. If it is in a moving shot, the white balance will follow the color change of the scene at any time, which will easily cause the color of the TV screen to be inconsistent and unstable.

Walking back and forth indoors and outdoors often during shooting can help you form habits, accumulate experience, be good at using A and B white balance storage and avoid repeated adjustments.

It is found in shooting practice that it is best to use milky white to adjust the white balance (such as rice paper).

5. Directionality of microphone: Directional microphone is often used in shooting activities, mainly considering the sound in front, while the surrounding sound cannot be easily entered.

Experience: Because it is a directional microphone, the microphone should be pointed at the pronunciation source. In order to make the picture beautiful, try to avoid the microphone from entering the picture according to the specific situation.

6. Audio level indicator: displays the sound power input into the video recorder. It can be adjusted manually and automatically.

Experience: When time and place permit, manual adjustment is adopted, so that no matter how the external sound changes, the sound can be recorded continuously and stably. The sound level should not exceed 0dB, and the peak value should be between -20dB and -30dB.