What was the wedding dress of ancient women called?

What is the name of ancient women’s wedding attire?

What is the name of ancient women’s wedding attire? The traditional wedding dress of ancient brides is called Fengguanxiapei. They wear a red silk shirt on the upper body and a red skirt on the lower body. , the coat has an embroidered red robe, which looks both beautiful and festive. Let’s share what ancient women’s wedding attire was called. What is the name of the wedding dress of ancient women? 1

The dress that women in ancient times wore when they got married was called Fengguanxiapei

The traditional wedding dress of the ancient bride was Fengguanxiapei: she wore a phoenix crown on her head and covered her face with a red hijab. , wearing a red silk shirt on the upper body, an embroidered red robe on the coat, a collar on the neck, a Tianguan lock, a demon mirror on the chest, a Xiapei on the shoulders, a children's bag on the shoulders, and "fixed silver" on the arms; wearing a red skirt and red trousers on the lower body , red satin embroidered shoes, very charming, dressed in red, bright red, full of joy.

1. Zhou Dynasty Wedding Clothes—Pure Clothes 纁袡

Pure robes 袁袡: Dark dark clothes with pure-colored edges, which are the rites of the Zhou Dynasty Description of the bride's dress in the ritual system. 纁, pinyin: xūn, has meanings such as light red. 衡: the edge of clothes. There is also an understanding of knee-covering, but there is no clear record of knee-covering accessories in pre-Qin women's dresses. It is more commonly understood as a garment edge.

2. Wedding attire in the Qin and Han dynasties—following Zhou etiquette

3. Wedding attire in the Tang Dynasty—the hairpin wedding dress

The hairpin hairdress is a Chinese word , which refers to the gold and green flowers on the dress and bun, is a kind of dress for married women in the Tang Dynasty. The mother-in-law dress includes gold and green flower mother-of-pearl on the dress and hair bun, and the number of mother-of-pearl hairpins determines status.

There are records in Tang Dynasty etiquette history books such as "Tongdian", "Huiyao", "Old Tang Book·Yufu System", etc.

4. Wedding attire of the Song Dynasty - inherited from the Tang Dynasty

5. Wedding attire of the Yuan Dynasty - Mongolian national characteristics

The Yuan Dynasty was a Mongolian dynasty, so its clothing was naturally typical Mongolian style. Their clothing is mainly "Zhisunfu", which is a shorter robe, relatively tight and narrow, with many pleats on the waist. This design is convenient for riding and shooting.

Zhisunfu, an ancient clothing name, also known as "Zhisun" and "Jixun". Translated into Chinese as "一色衣", in the Ming Dynasty it was called "I-Sa" (Yisa or Yi-Sa), a style of clothing. There were people who believed in this in the Yuan and Ming dynasties. The shape of Zhisun is a top and a lower skirt. The style of the garment is tight and narrow, and the lower skirt is also shorter. It has numerous pleats around the waist and large beads running through the shoulders and back of the garment. Zhisun was originally a military uniform, suitable for riding and other activities. This style of clothing can be seen in pottery figurines and paintings of the Yuan Dynasty. "Zhisun" is the transliteration of "gorgeous" in Mongolian.

6. Ming Dynasty Wedding Clothes - Fengguan Xiapei

In the old days, wealthy women wore attire when they got married to show their honor.

(1) Phoenix crown

The Phoenix crown is a kind of ceremonial crown made of metal mesh, decorated with emerald phoenixes, and hung with jewelry tassels. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been It became the required dress for the Queen Mother, Empress Dowager and Empress. There were two forms of phoenix crowns in the Ming Dynasty. One was worn by concubines. In addition to the phoenix, there were also dragons and other decorations on the crown. The other is the colorful crown worn by ordinary married women. It is not decorated with dragons and phoenixes, but only with beads and hairpins. However, it is also called a phoenix crown by custom. It can be worn by empresses of the Ming Dynasty to the wives of ninth-grade civil servants, and the colors, patterns, decorations and materials vary according to their status.

(2) Xialei

Xialei is a part of ancient Chinese women’s dress, similar to modern shawls. It appeared in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and got its name during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, it was included in the ranks of formal wear. In the Ming Dynasty, it developed into Xiapei - because its shape is as beautiful as colorful clouds, it was named "Xiapei".

7. Qing Dynasty wedding dress - cheongsam model

The Qing Dynasty’s wedding dress also followed the Ming Dynasty’s phoenix crown and harem, but the style of the wedding dress was based on the cheongsam.

Ancient weddings were divided into six stages, commonly known as the "six rites". The "Six Rites" had already been formed in the Zhou Dynasty. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the six rites gradually became customized. The first five of these six rites (nacai, asking for names, naji, nazheng, and asking for dates) are collectively called the ceremony of making a contract. The families of both men and women use matchmakers to make contracts and related matters

Six Rites, China Marriage rituals. Refers to the six etiquettes in the process from marriage proposal to consummation.

Namely: Nacai, Asking for Name, Naji, Nazheng, Asking for Date, Personal Welcome. Nacai means that the man's family invites a matchmaker to propose marriage to the woman's family. After the woman's family agrees to discuss the marriage, the man's family prepares a gift and goes to propose marriage.

Name asking means that the man’s family asks a matchmaker to ask the woman’s name and date of birth. Naji, that is, the man performs divination in the ancestral temple after taking back the woman's name and horoscope. Nazheng, also known as Nabi, is a betrothal gift given by the man's family to the woman's family. During the request period, the groom's family chooses a wedding date, prepares a gift and informs the bride's family, and asks for their approval. In the wedding ceremony, the woman sends her dowry and makes the bed one or two days before the wedding. The next day, the groom comes to the woman's home to marry her in person.

After etiquette communication, marriage was discussed as equals, and finally the two parties concluded a marriage contract in the exchange of etiquette. What is the name of ancient women’s wedding dress 2

Ancient marriage age

During the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, the average age of women’s marriage was seventeen years old. This seems to be compared with the recent age of post-00s expectant mothers. Close.

Cao Pi’s Mrs. Zhen married her first husband Yuan Xi before she was seventeen; Sima Zhao’s Queen Wang married Sima Zhao at the age of fifteen; Sun Hao’s period stipulated that two Daughters of Qianshi ministers must be fifteen or sixteen before they can get married - the same is true among the people. From the story "The Peacock Flies Southeast", seventeen is a gentleman's wife. It can be seen that seventeen is a normal age for people to get married.

In the case of early marriage, for example, Zhang Fei robbed Xia Houyuan's daughter Xiahou Shi when the girl was only thirteen or fourteen years old. Lu Ji's daughter Lu Yusheng also married Zhang Bai when she was thirteen years old.

During the Jin and Jin Dynasties, the average age of marriage for women was sixteen.

Yang Zhi, the empress of Emperor Wu of Jin, married Emperor Wu of Jin before she was nineteen years old; the empress of Emperor Hui of Jin, the politician Jia Nanfeng, married poor Jia Nanfeng when she was sixteen. Emperor Hui of Jin; Queen Chu Suanzi of Emperor Kang of Jin was married to Emperor Kang of Jin at the age of thirteen; Duan Feng's wife Murong was married at the age of fourteen - as for the people, from the "Chao Shi Pian" fifteen Family, in "The Song of Water from the East of the River", the wife of the Lu family married at fifteen, it can be seen that the general age of folk women is only fifteen or sixteen.

During the Southern Dynasties, the general marriage age for women was thirteen.

The queen of Emperor Xiaowu of the Liu Song Dynasty married at the age of sixteen, which was relatively late; the former deposed emperor of the Liu Song Dynasty, Queen He, married at the age of twelve; the empress of Emperor Ming of the Liu Song Dynasty married at the age of twelve or thirteen. Married; Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, Ding Guifei, got married at the age of fourteen.

The younger one, Empress Liu of Emperor Xuan of Chen, got married at the age of eleven; the concubine of Empress Chen was the famous beauty Zhang Lihua, who was ten years old and had already been blessed by Empress Chen at the age of ten. However, Empress Chen was only sixteen years old at the time, and Zhang Lihua gave birth to a child seven years later. Emperor Jianwen of Liang was already married at the age of eight, but Emperor Jianwen was only ten years old at the time.

The age of marriage in Chinese dynasties

Age of marriage: The age of marriage in ancient times was not the same in each dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a man could get married when he was 20 years old, and a woman could get married when she was 16 years old. It was also said that "men get married when they are 30 years old, and women get married when they are 20 years old." This is to keep up with the times. "Book of Han Huidi Ji" clearly states: "If a woman is between fifteen and thirty years old and does not marry, she will be punished by five calculations." The "five calculations" means that she will be fined five times the tax.

In fact, the phenomenon of early marriage was also very serious in ancient China. In the Song Dynasty, there was a rule that "every man should be married at the age of 15 and a woman at the age of 13." "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Ban Zhao" records: Ban Zhao "was fourteen years old and held a dustpan and broom for the Cao family". There is even a record in the "Book of Han·Biography of Empress Shangguan" that "she was established as empress after more than a month, at the age of six." But usually around the age of 20. What is the name of ancient women's wedding attire 3

1. Zhou Dynasty - Pure Clothing The process was all carried out in a serious atmosphere. Therefore, the wedding clothes of the Zhou Dynasty also used black, which represents solemnity, making people feel solemn and respectful and not trivial.

Groom's clothing: Jue Bian, Xuan Duan dress, pure silk clothes, white silk single clothes, pure colored ponchos, red 舄 (or shoes).

Bridal clothing: During the wedding, she wears a pure black tunic dress, and when visiting her parents-in-law, she wears a night gown.

2. Tang Dynasty - Flower Hairpin Ceremony

Starting from the Tang Dynasty, black was no longer respected. The wedding clothes at this time incorporated the solemnity and sacredness of Zhou weddings. In line with the lively and festive celebrations of later generations, the color is male and female, and the style is a hairpin dress, that is, the bride wears a long sleeved shirt, a long skirt, and a silk veil. Wide sleeve top.

3. Ming Dynasty - Fengguan Xiali

Fengguan Xiali pushed our Chinese wedding attire to a peak. So now, the most popular ancient Chinese wedding dress is Fengguanxiapei.

The phoenix crown is composed of two parts. One is the phoenix crown. As you can tell from the name, it is very luxurious. Patterns have a strict hierarchy, and ordinary people can only wear phoenix crowns and harems on their wedding day.

4. Qing Dynasty - Robes

The relatively long rule of the Qing Dynasty gave Manchu bannermen costumes a subversive influence on traditional Han costumes. In addition to the phoenix crown, In addition to preservation, the rest of the traditional uniforms formed before the Ming Dynasty have been almost completely abolished.

In the ninth year of Shunzhi, the "Regulations on Uniforms, Colors and Shoulders" to unify the uniforms of the Qing Dynasty were officially promulgated. Clothes with strong Han nationality colors were banned, which had the characteristics of the Manchu banner people and the long-term riding and shooting life. Chinese robes, mandarin jackets, waistcoats and other clothing gradually replaced traditional Hanfu.

As time went by and the integration of Manchu and Han deepened, traditional Hanfu was partially restored among the people after the middle of the Qing Dynasty. As a product of the fusion of Manchu and Han, the gown and skirt are loved by women of all ethnic groups. In the late Qing Dynasty, cheongsam appeared in women's wedding wear, which had a profound impact on women's wedding wear in the Republic of China and after.

Many changes have taken place in ancient costumes. The Xiuhe suits and Hanfu worn at weddings today are all improved and are not completely traditional clothes.