Who is Liao and his profile?

1On the morning of August 20th, 925, in front of Huizhou Guild Hall (now No.89 Yuexiu South Road, Guangzhou), there were trees swaying and few pedestrians. As the seat of the Kuomintang Central Committee, there used to be many sentries, but today there are none. At 9: 50, a black car came slowly, and Liao, He Xiangning and others got off one after another. When Liao stepped on the steps, all of a sudden, gunshots were loud and five or six gangsters rushed out from the riding downstairs of Huizhou Club. Another burst of "pa! Bang! Hey! " In the gunfire, Liao was shot and fell in a pool of blood. His guards fired back and hit one of the gangsters, while the others fled. He Xiangning and others immediately helped Liao to the car and took him to the hospital. He was shot four times, all critically ill, and died on the way. This outstanding bourgeois democratic revolutionist is Sun Yat-sen's most effective assistant, a glorious banner of the left wing of the Kuomintang and a close friend of China's * * * production party. He was praised as an expert in financial management, especially in the early 1920s, and made outstanding contributions to helping Sun Yat-sen promote the first national cooperation, establishing the Whampoa Military Academy, and supporting the workers and peasants' movement.

Liao, formerly known as Enxu and Zhong Kai, was born in Yazaibu Village, Guishan County, Guangdong Province (now Yao Qian Village, Chen Jiang District, Huiyang County). 1987 was born in San Francisco, California, USA on April 23rd. He received a good family education when he was a child, and his family put Chinese studies first. 1

At the age of six, he accompanied his mother back to the motherland. In his hometown, he studied theory with his teacher Liang. Influenced by the reform idea, he decided to give up his original school. So he 1896 went to Hong Kong and entered Ren Huang College in Hong Kong.

/kloc-October, 897, Liao and He Xiangning got married in Guangzhou, and their relationship was perfect. In order to seek the truth of saving the country and the people, with the support of He Xiangning, he went to Japan to study at the end of 1902, entered Waseda University for the first time, and then entered the Department of Political Economy of Central University. At the beginning of the following year, He Xiangning also went to Japan. The couple studied hard and made rapid progress in their studies. 1903 In September, they listened to Sun Yat-sen's speech in Tokyo and were greatly encouraged. Later, I went to Sun Yat-sen's apartment many times, accepted Sun Yat-sen's great trust about "finding aspiring students in Tokyo and forming a minority group to take charge of state affairs", and embarked on the journey of democratic revolution.

1905 On August 20th, China Alliance was established in Tokyo, and Liao was raising funds for studying in Hong Kong. September of the same year l

He returned to the Tokyo Party Hall, was introduced by He Zhenning and Li to join the League, and was appointed as the next director of the Foreign Affairs Department by the Executive Department of the League. During his stay in Tokyo, he translated nine articles, including Outline of Socialist History, and published them in People's Daily. He became one of the first people in China to actively promote the program of "equal land rights" and introduce and explore socialist theory. "He also followed the instructions of Sun Yat-sen, and Zhu Zhixin and He Xiangning jointly wrote a letter to overseas Chinese in the United States, refuting the fallacy of Kang Liang royalists, striving for overseas Chinese to participate in the League, and donating money to sponsor the revolution. 1906 At the beginning of this year, Liao Fengsun was ordered by Zhongshan to dive to Tianjin, intending to contact Bugabe, chief of staff of the French garrison in Tianjin, and accompany French officers to carry out revolutionary activities in various parts of China. Later, due to changes in the political situation in France, the matter was dropped. Go back to Japan to continue studying. /kloc-in the summer of 0/909, after graduating from the Central University of Japan, he went to Beiping to take the imperial examination for foreign students, taking the Chinese, French and political subjects. Soon, he was sent by the Qing government to Governor Chen of Jilin Province.

Zhao Chang worked as a translator behind the scenes, and he used it as a cover to engage in secret anti-Qing revolutionary activities. 19 1 1 year1October 10, the Revolution of 1911 broke out. Under the impact of the storm of democratic revolution, the Qing Dynasty collapsed rapidly. In the same year165438+1October 9, Guangdong Guangfu. At the end of the same month, Liao arrived in Guangzhou, where he successively served as a member of the Government Council of Guangdong Military Government and vice minister of finance. At that time, the finance was extremely difficult, the provincial treasury was washed, the business was depressed, and it was urgent to be reimbursed by force. In order to tide over the difficulties, Liao tried to raise funds. At the same time, we mobilized people to donate money, set up a reimbursement bureau, issued bond loans, vigorously called on the business community to resume business, and took a series of effective measures such as rectifying various taxes, so that the empty provincial treasury would have a slight surplus by March 19 12. His talent in financial management was revealed from then on.

1965438+On March 20th, 2003, Yuan Shikai instigated thugs to assassinate Song in Shanghai Railway Station, which awakened the dream of Sun Yat-sen and Liao. So Liao took part in the "Second Revolution" led by Sun Yat-sen. After the failure of the "Second Revolution", Liao was forced to leave Guangzhou in August of the same year and fled to Japan.

During his stay in Japan, Sun Yat-sen painfully summed up the failure lessons of the "Second Revolution" and decided to abolish the old Kuomintang and form the China Revolutionary Party. Liao 19 14 joined in May, and in July of the same year, he served as Deputy Minister of Finance of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee (Minister Zhang). In order to raise money for Yuan, he secretly went to Shanghai and Guangzhou.

1965438+In early May 2006, Liao accompanied Sun Yat-sen to leave Japan and return to Shanghai. He is travel-stained, representing Sun Yat-sen, and went to Moxian and Shouguang successively. After Yuan Shikai's death in June of the same year, China remained the reactionary rule of Beiyang warlords. Therefore, Liao followed Sun Yat-sen and actively participated in the struggle to protect the law.

19 17 In the summer, Liao made every effort to move Peng Chunyuan, an officer of Beiyang Navy, to the south to protect the law. On September 24th of the same year, he was appointed by Sun Yat-sen as the second minister of the Ministry of Finance of the military government of the Republic of China, and soon acted as the chief financial officer. Take on the heavy responsibility of raising funds for the military government that protects the law. In order to solve the financial difficulties, Liao negotiated with the Shamian Consular Corps and obtained two-thirds of the "salt surplus" tax payable by the Beijing government to the Guangzhou military government. He also proposed to Sun Yat-sen to set up a public debt bureau to issue military domestic bonds at home and abroad. In the first nine months of issuance, it raised more than RMB10 million, which improved its financial situation.

The movement of protecting the law led by Sun Yat-sen was restrained by the southwest warlords Tang and Lu Rongting. 1965438+In May 2008, Sun Yat-sen was forced to resign as the Grand Marshal. On June 26th of the same year, Liao accompanied Sun Yat-sen to Shanghai and began to reflect and explore the Three People's Principles. He and others, on orders from Sun Yat-sen, founded Construction Weekly in Shanghai as a position to publicize revolutionary theory. From the second half of 19 19 to 1920, Liao published more than ten political articles on "three civil rights", and made a serious discussion on China's political and economic problems. In particular, his translation of "Politics for All" by American scholar Wilcock is the most famous. These translations expounded the bourgeois democratic revolutionary thought, especially the idea that "sovereignty belongs to the people", and pointed out that if the people have the three civil rights of creation, referendum and recall, "China's political problems will be almost eight or nine points better, although it cannot be said that they have been completely cured."

19 19 The outbreak of the May 4th patriotic movement made Liao realize and showed him the strength of the masses. He wrote an article enthusiastically praising the direct mobilization of the broad masses of the people and dismissed several stubborn officials at once, thinking that this was an attempt by the people to exercise their sovereignty. In June 65438+in the same year 10, Sun Yat-sen reorganized China Revolutionary Party into China Kuomintang, with Liao as finance minister.

While Liao was actively engaged in theoretical construction and propaganda work in Shanghai, he also actively assisted Sun Yat-sen in his struggle to recover Guangdong, a democratic revolutionary base. 1920 in April, he and Zhu Zhixin were ordered to go to Zhangzhou, Fujian, and planned to help the Fujian-Guangdong army fight back to Guangdong. In August of the same year, the Guangdong Army returned to Guangdong, and soon, Liao also returned to Guangzhou from Shanghai. 192 1 On May 5th, Sun Yat-sen took office as the very big president of the Republic of China in Guangzhou. Liao was appointed as the Deputy Minister of Finance, and soon became the Acting Minister as the Deputy Minister of Finance, which provoked the burden of sorting out Guangdong's finances and raising funds.

After sweeping away the remnants of Guangxi and unifying Guangdong and Guangxi, Sun Yat-sen actively deployed the Northern Expedition, but was opposed by Chen Jiongming, who was then the commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Army and other important positions. In order to cut off Sun Yat-sen's financial resources, Chen Jiongming sent someone to invite Liao to the Arsenal on June 1922.

Liao was coerced to Shilong on the grounds of discussing important matters, and then transferred to Huizhou for custody; Later, he was transferred to Ishii Arsenal. The next morning, Chen Jiongming ordered his men Ye Ju and Hong.

Zhao Lin launched an armed rebellion in Guangzhou, shelling the Guanyinshan Presidential Palace. In prison, Liao Ning died as if he were dead, and wrote Keeping Wife and Awakening Women and Tolerance.

Magnificent poems such as Zi express the great ambition of "though I am in spirit". After the active rescue of He Xiangning and others and various pressures, he was imprisoned for 62 days.

Liao was finally released. In the early morning of August 19 of the same year, he and He Xiangning took a boat to Hongkong and transferred to Shanghai, starting a new struggle.

The Chen Jiongming Uprising enabled Sun Yat-sen and Liao to realize the old Three People's Principles.

The last attempt also ended in failure. This painful lesson of "misfortune comes from the elbow and wrist, and war begins from the heart" made Sun Yat-sen and Liao realize that only by seeking real revolutionary forces can the revolution succeed. Since then, Liao has devoted considerable energy to promoting cooperation among countries. 1922 In September, he and Chen Duxiu were appointed by Sun Yat-sen as members of the drafting committee of the improvement case. In June, 5438 +065438 10 and February, 65438+February, two meetings were held to consider the China Kuomintang Rural Improvement Case, the Declaration and Party Program of the Improvement Case and party constitution. 192365438+1October 26th, after the publication of the Sun Wen Yuefei Joint Declaration, in order to discuss the specific details of the dead of winter, Zhong Kai went to Japan at the beginning of February on the orders of Sun Yat-sen, and held talks with Yuefei's secretary Sheva Sharon and Taguchi Yunzang on Soviet assistance to the Kuomintang and cooperation between the two countries. After returning to China in late March, he continued to step up his work. 65438+ 10 9, Liao and Li Dazhao were appointed by Sun Yat-sen as members of the Kuomintang Reorganization Committee. On June 25, 65438, Liao was entrusted by Sun Yat-sen to convene a special meeting of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou.

It was announced that a temporary Central Executive Committee composed of nine people, including Liao, was responsible for preparing for the reorganization of the Kuomintang. During the preparatory period, under the auspices of Liao, * * * held 28 meetings and solved more than 400 cases. In order to gain experience, he personally grasped the reorganization of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou and achieved remarkable results. Twenty-two party member, including Ruan Xiaoxian, Liu Ersong, Yang Paoan, Zhou Qijian and Zhou Wenyong, were also elected as members of the Party Departments in various districts.

With the remarkable progress of Guangzhou's reorganization, Liao Chongkai arrived in Shanghai on1October 30th. Under his vigorous promotion, the Shanghai Executive Department of the Kuomintang was established on New Year's Day in 1924.

19241at the first national congress of the Kuomintang held on October 20,

Liao played the role of a mainstay. On October 28th, 65438/KLOC-0, when the General Assembly discussed the Draft Constitution of the Kuomintang of China, the representative of Guangzhou proposed to add the clause that "party member of the Party shall not join other parties" according to the plan of the Rightists. Later, Jiang,,, Huang and others spoke one after another and seconded it. If this proposal is passed, cooperation between countries will not be realized. At this critical moment, Liao stepped forward and pointed out that the participation of * * * producers is a new life of our party. If you don't agree, please close your eyes and think about it first. They didn't come to hold us back, but to join us in the national revolution. Please think about it and be grateful! Finally, Congress rejected Fang's proposal, and allowed the producers of * * * to cross the party to pass the China Kuomintang's party constitution draft, which was finalized through cooperation between the two countries. At the first plenary session of the first Central Committee, Liao was elected as the Standing Committee of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang. Sun Yat-sen originally planned to appoint Liao as the Minister of Organization, but he volunteered to be the Minister of Workers and the Minister of Organization, and recommended Tan Pingshan, party member. And nominated * * producer Lin as Minister of Farmers, supported * * producer, Feng Jupo and Peng Pai as Ministers of Organization Department, Workers Department and Farmers Department respectively. At work, he and the producer of * * * have a tacit understanding, which is a model of sincere cooperation between countries.

The establishment of revolutionary armed forces is Sun Yat-sen's correct proposition after setbacks. When preparing for the "First National Congress" of the Kuomintang, Sun Yat-sen made various preparations for the establishment of the Whampoa Military Academy. 1924 65438+1On October 24th, Sun Yat-sen appointed Chiang Kai-shek as the chairman of the preparatory committee and Liao as the secretary-general of the Grand Marshal's base camp to assist in the preparations for the military academy. But Chiang Kai-shek. On February 2 1, he resigned and left on the grounds of "bad environment and many constraints". Two days later, Sun Yat-sen appointed Liao as the acting chairman of the Preparatory Committee of Huangpu Military Academy. He worked tirelessly and presided over without sleep.

It was decided to hold as many as 32 meetings, including formulating school rules, repairing school buildings, hiring teaching staff and recruiting students, so that the military academy could start school on May 5. On May 9, he was appointed as a representative of the Whampoa Military Academy by Sun Yat-sen. At that time, he had more than ten jobs, but he was still running for the maintenance fee of the Whampoa Military Academy. He often goes to school to give students talks about the history of imperialist aggression, which inspires their ideological consciousness, really makes them "unwilling to care about difficulties and gossip" and spares no effort to consolidate and develop military schools. He is known as "the loving mother of Huangpu".

In the long-term revolutionary practice, Liao gradually realized that "the interests of workers and peasants can not be separated from the revolution, but the revolution is dominated by workers and peasants." Therefore, he enthusiastically supported the workers and peasants movement and became a caring person of the peasant masses. 1924 In May, the Peasant Movement Committee was established with Liao as a member. In June, Peng Pai, secretary of the Ministry of Farmers, proposed to set up a workshop for the peasant movement, which was supported by Liao. Under his care, it was adopted at the 39th meeting of the KMT Central Executive Committee on June 30th. On July 24th, Liao issued the Constitution of the Peasant Association and the Declaration of the Peasant Association in the name of the Governor. Since then, farmers' associations and farmers' groups have been established in various places. In order to help farmers in all counties organize as soon as possible, Liao went deep into the nine districts of Xiangshan County, Foshan, Nanpu Township and other places to understand the situation and make a speech. 165438+ 10 In October, Liao spared no effort to support the peasant movement after he became the minister of farmers. 65438+ In February, at the request of Peng Pai, Zheng Runqi, the commander of the third division of the Guangdong Army, was ordered to send a battalion, and then the Grand Marshal Guard was sent to Guangning to support the farmers' struggle for rent reduction in Guangning. With his strong support, farmers in Guangning won the struggle to reduce rents.

Liao also gave great support to the labor movement. 1 921may1day, the opening ceremony of Guangzhou workers' congress was presided over by Liao. At this congress, he was elected as the chairman of the executive Committee. 192 1 served as the second finance minister of Guangzhou and the finance director of Guangdong. After 1922, he actively assisted Sun Yat-sen in reorganizing the Kuomintang, and established three major policies: alliance with Russia, alliance with * * * and assistance to peasants and workers. 1924 after the reorganization of the Kuomintang, it was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Executive Committee. It has served as a minister of workers, a minister of farmers, a party representative of the Whampoa Military Academy, a governor of Guangdong, a minister of finance, and a munitions director. Adhere to Sun Yat-sen's three major policies. Participate in leading the suppression of business group rebellion. 1925, commanding the Eastern Expedition Army to fight and pacify Yang Ximin.

Liu Zhenhuan's rebellion. In July, he served as the Standing Committee Member of the National Government of the Republic of China and Minister of Finance.

Long, member of the Standing Committee of the Military Commission. After the Guangdong-Hong Kong strike, he was hired as an adviser to the strike committee. 1925 was assassinated by the Kuomintang Rightists in Guangzhou on August 20th. And Liao's collection.