What are the key skills necessary for landscape photography?

In most cases, my method of measuring light is:

Lock the composition first;

Sequentially measuring the highest light with details and the darkest exposure value with details in the picture and storing them respectively;

Observe the difference between the two values;

If the difference does not exceed the film width (usually the reverse film is 5 files and the black-and-white film is 7 files), then take its average value and use this average value to expose, which is "accurate" in most cases;

In order to obtain "correct" exposure, it is necessary to fine-tune the average value according to the light reception of the subject and the proportion of light and dark areas in the composition. Usually, if the subject is in the dark, or the area of the dark part in the picture is mostly, it is necessary to increase the exposure appropriately (1/3 to1/2); And vice versa (1/3 to 1). It should be noted that the direction of this compensation is opposite to the situation of multi-area metering in the machine, because the latter has already calculated the area coefficient.

If it exceeds the endurance of the film, it depends on whether the light ratio can be reduced by depressing the bright part with gradient grey mirror. Otherwise, we can only choose between the bright part and the dark part, and see which part of the dead white and the dead black does not affect the creative intention of the work.

2. How to get a clear picture?

Focus accurately and manually if necessary;

In many cases, landscape works require complete clarity, so the shorter the focal length of the lens, the smaller the aperture used, the more helpful it is to obtain a large depth of field and the clearer the picture looks. The use of large format technology camera has greater advantages in this respect. However, there is a saying that the image quality will decline at the minimum aperture, so when I seek the maximum depth of field, I often use the penultimate aperture, such as the lens with the minimum aperture of F/32, and I shoot with F/22.

Unless necessary, it is recommended to use fewer filters and use more filters with caution. In particular, it is not recommended to shoot with a UV lens all the time to protect the lens;

Use a hood as much as possible;

If the camera has a reflector pre-lift function, use it every time, so don't bother.

Adhere to the cable release/shutter remote control, and get into the habit of taking a backup before going out (sometimes friends can touch your light);

Always check whether the connection between the tripod and the tripod is firm, and carry the tools of the tripod and tripod with you for backup;

Choose a sturdy tripod. When using, give priority to expanding the pipe section with larger diameter, and do not raise the central axis unless absolutely necessary;

When setting up a tripod, choose a solid fulcrum (if it is muddy ground, it is best to pad it with stones and bricks);

Press the shutter when the wind is strong, and press the shutter when there is traffic 200 meters before/after the passage.

3. Use the filter appropriately to achieve the desired effect.

Polarizer is still a necessary filter for both film machine and digital machine. Use it to:

Reduce water surface reflection and deepen water surface color;

Shoot fish, stones, dead branches, etc. clearly. Under water;

Deepen the blue of the sky;

Reduce the influence of fog on the picture;

Eliminate the reflection on the surface of non-metallic objects such as leaves and deepen their color saturation.

For the film machine, the gradient grey mirror is also essential, because there are many occasions when the light ratio exceeds the film tolerance. If we don't have it at this time, we will regret this trip in vain.

4, the necessary post-processing technology

At present, there are the following paths and links for post-processing and output of reverse film works:

Path 1: flushing >; & gt& gt scanning >>& gt image processing >>& gt printing.

Path 2: flushing >; > > Direct discharge diagram

First of all, the cleaning process of the reversing plate is very important no matter which path. Print shops with the following bad records should resolutely resist:

Causing continuous scratches on the negative;

Failing to change the chemical solution between films from different manufacturers, resulting in discoloration or deterioration of films (unfortunately, it is impossible to determine this in advance without losing money, so beginners are advised to consult more experienced photographers).