What is Chongming like?

Chongming County is currently composed of three islands: Chongming, Changxing and Hengsha, with a total land area of 14 1 1 km2.

Among them, Chongming Island is located at the midpoint of China's coastline along the western Pacific Ocean and at the mouth of the Yangtze River. It is the largest river in China, the largest alluvial island in the world, and the third largest island in China after Taiwan Province Island and Hainan Island. Known as "the gateway to the Yangtze River and Yingzhou in the East China Sea". The whole island is surrounded by rivers on three sides, one facing the sea, the rolling Yangtze River in the west, the vast East China Sea in the east, Pudong New Area, Baoshan District and Taicang City in Jiangsu Province across the sea in the south, and Haimen City and Qidong City in Jiangsu Province in the north. The island covers an area of 1267 square kilometers, with a length of 80 kilometers from east to west and a width of 13 to 18 kilometers from north to south. The island is flat, without hills and hills, slightly higher in the northwest and central, and slightly lower in the southwest and east. More than 90% of the land elevation (based on the elevation of 0m in Wusong) is between 3.2 1m and 4.20m The geographical location of the island ranges from east longitude12109' 30 "to north latitude12154' 00". The island has clean water and soil, fresh air and excellent ecological environment, with an average life expectancy of 76.7 years.

Changxing Island is located in Jiangnan Waterway outside Wusongkou, bordering hengsha island in the east and Chongming Island in the north. The island is banded, 26.8 kilometers long from east to west and 2 ~ 4 kilometers wide from north to south. It covers an area of 88 square kilometers, including 8.5 square kilometers of tidal flats and 26.2 square kilometers of cultivated land (excluding avant-garde farms). There is a deep-water coastline of nearly 20km in the south, with a general water depth of-12m to-16m and the deepest point of-22m, which can dock 300,000-ton ships.

Hengsha island is the easternmost island of the Yangtze River Estuary, with three sides of the river and one side of the sea. Backed by Changxing, it echoes Chongming Island in the north and faces Pudong across the river in the south. The island is conch-shaped, about 12 km long from north to south and about 8 km wide from east to west. The average altitude is 2.8 meters. The total area is 56 square kilometers, including 26.8 square kilometers of cultivated land. At present, there are 200,000 mu of tidal flat resources above 0 meter and 670,000 mu above -5 meter. The surrounding coastline is more than 30 kilometers, of which the southern end is about 2 kilometers deep-water coastline with a water depth of-12 meters.

Organizational system evolution

Chongming Island has a history of 1300 years. In 6 18 AD (the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty), Dongsha Xisha Islands began to appear in the waters outside the Yangtze River estuary. After that, many sandbars rose and fell from east to west and from south to north, and it was not until the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty that they became Chongming Island. At the beginning of 696 AD (the first year of Long Live the Tang Dynasty), people began to live on the island. In 705 AD (the first year of Shenlong in the Tang Dynasty), a town was set up in Xisha, named Chongming ("Chong" means high, and "Ming" means wide, flat, clear and flat ground above the water surface). In A.D. 1222 (the 15th year of Jiading in Southern Song Dynasty), a God-given saltworks was set up and moved to Tongzhou. In A.D. 1277 (14th year of Yuan Dynasty), it was promoted to Chongming State and transferred to Yangzhou Road. A.D. 1396 (the second year of Hongwu Ming Dynasty) was the county, which was transferred to Yangzhou Road first, then to Suzhou House, and also to Taicang Prefecture. During the Republic of China, it successively belonged to Nantong and Songjiang in Jiangsu. After liberation, it belongs to Nantong, Jiangsu Province. It was transferred to Shanghai from 1958 12 1, and is currently the only county in Shanghai 19 districts and counties.

Changxing Island landed in Xianfeng years, and hengsha island has a history of about 120 years since it was reclaimed from the sea at 1886. 18 Since May 2005, Changxing and Hengsha, which were originally administrative divisions of Baoshan District in Shanghai, have been merged into Chongming County with the approval of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government in the State Council.

Historical status quo

Chongming people have a glorious revolutionary tradition. In the Ming Dynasty's anti-Japanese struggle, Chongming's "sand soldiers" were famous for their bravery. 192 1 autumn, farmers rioted in Xisha and Chongming. Mao Zedong introduced this feat in Guide Weekly, the central organ newspaper of China at that time. 1in September, 926, Lu Tieqiang and Yu Fucai, special commissioners of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provincial Committees, returned to Chongchong and established an earlier rural grass-roots party organization in China. During the long years of revolutionary struggle, many sons and daughters of Chongming gave their precious lives for the revolutionary cause of the people of China.

Chongming county currently governs 13 town and 3 townships. Chengqiao Town, where the county government is located, is the political, economic and cultural center of the county. After the merger of the three islands, the total population increased, but the natural growth rate remained negative. At the end of 2005, the registered population of the county was 70 1 000, an increase of 69,000 over the previous year, and the floating population was 83,000, with a birth rate of 5.9‰, a mortality rate of 8.8‰ and a natural growth rate of -2.9‰. Ethnic groups are mainly Han, and there are other ethnic minorities such as Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, Bai, Yi, Korean, Uygur, Buyi, Hani, Tujia and Tibetan.

Foreground target

The overall goal established in the Plan is: adhere to the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, follow the requirements of building a harmonious socialist society, focus on the overall goal of building a modern ecological island area, vigorously implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, accelerate the coordinated development of the three islands, and strive to make Chongming Island one of the best areas that meet the long-term needs of Shanghai to build a modern international metropolis with harmonious coexistence between man and nature and harmonious economic and social development.

Target Orientation of Chongming Island: Chongming is an important strategic space for Shanghai's sustainable development. Adhere to the linkage of the functions, industries, population and infrastructure of the three islands, build a comprehensive ecological island, a marine equipment island and an ecological leisure island respectively, rely on scientific and technological innovation, promote circular economy and develop ecological industries, and strive to build Chongming into a modern ecological island with harmonious and beautiful environment, intensive use of resources and coordinated economic and social development.

The functional orientation of Chongming Island is mainly reflected in the following six aspects: forest garden island, ecological habitat island, leisure and holiday island, green food island, marine equipment island and scientific research island.

economic development

economic aggregate

In 2005, the county's economy maintained sustained and steady growth. The annual added value was 9.57 billion yuan, an increase of 12.2% over the previous year, and double-digit growth was achieved for three consecutive years. Among them, the added value of the primary industry 16 1 100 million yuan, an increase of 1.9% over the previous year, accounting for 16.8% of the county's added value, down 2.2 percentage points over the previous year; The added value of the secondary industry was 4.39 billion yuan, up by 17.0% over the previous year, accounting for 45.9% of the county's added value, up by 2. 1 percentage point over the previous year; The added value of the tertiary industry was 3.57 billion yuan, an increase of 1 1.7% over the previous year, accounting for 37.3% of the county's added value, which was the same as that of the previous year.

Since the beginning of this year, the central government has implemented prudent fiscal and monetary policies, and the tax sources have steadily increased, ensuring fiscal revenue. The annual fiscal revenue was 2.64 billion yuan, an increase of 3 1. 1% over the previous year. Among them, the county-level fiscal revenue was 65.438+82 billion yuan, an increase of 53.2% over the previous year. The development pattern of the new city is progressing smoothly, and infrastructure investment has reached a record high. Investment in fixed assets was 2.77 billion yuan, an increase of 35. 1% over the previous year. Among them, the capital construction investment 1 1.40 billion yuan, an increase of 75.6% over the previous year; The investment in renovation was 654.38+0.9 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3% over the previous year; Real estate investment was 780 million yuan, an increase of 9.8% over the previous year; Rural collective investment was 660 million yuan, an increase of 27.2% over the previous year.

agriculture

In 2005, around the goal of building an ecological island, the county further optimized the agricultural industrial structure, stabilized grain production, vigorously developed green and pollution-free organic agriculture, further promoted the standardization and industrialization of leading agricultural products, and continuously improved the land output rate and agricultural economic benefits. The planting area of high-quality rice varieties such as "Hanyou Qingxiang", "Jiahua 1No." and "Jinfeng" accounts for 95% of the total rice area in the county. Forestry production has made new progress, with 2400 hectares of ecological forest and 84 hectares of economic forest added in the county. In animal husbandry, we should do a good job in the prevention and control of major animal diseases, realize group prevention and control, and actively promote characteristic aquaculture. The market volume of major agricultural and sideline products such as pigs, poultry and eggs has increased to a certain extent compared with the previous year. Fishery production will further optimize breeding varieties and actively develop characteristic aquaculture.

In 2005, the county's total agricultural output value was 4.38 billion yuan, an increase of 26.5438+0% over the previous year, of which the total agricultural output value was 26.5438+7 billion yuan, an increase of 6.4%. Forestry was 90 million yuan, down11.2%; Animal husbandry was 550 million yuan, an increase of1.1%; Fishery was 65.438+0.48 billion yuan, down 65.438+0.6%; The agricultural service industry was 90 million yuan, down 12. 1%. The annual grain planting area was 50,678 hectares, and the total grain output reached 30,3031ton.

industry

Industrial enterprises have overcome the adverse effects of inconvenient transportation, shortage of raw materials and energy, further intensified the adjustment of industrial structure, increased the proportion of key products and advantageous industries in the county's industries, and achieved a good connection between industrial production and marketing, with the total production reaching the highest level in history. Gross industrial output value 1 1.68 billion yuan, an increase of 15.7% over the previous year. The output value of industrial sales was 1 1.49 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8% over the previous year. The economic benefits of industrial enterprises continued to improve. In 2005, the county's industrial added value was 3.06 billion yuan, an increase of 18.3% over the previous year. The total profit for the whole year was 540 million yuan, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year.

Industries above designated size have obvious advantages, with a total industrial output value of 9.89 billion yuan, accounting for 84.7% of the county's total industrial output value. The growth rate of key industries is obvious, and the output value of pharmaceutical and offshore equipment manufacturing industries has increased by more than 50%. "One industry is particularly strong" industry has seen new growth. The annual output value of daily-use stainless steel and commercial equipment manufacturing industry 1.2 1 billion yuan, an increase of 1.7% over the previous year.

construction industry

The construction industry maintained rapid development. The total output value of the construction industry in the whole year was 8,365.438 billion yuan, an increase of 32.9% over the previous year; The added value of the construction industry was 654.38+0.33 billion yuan, an increase of 20.2% over the previous year. The housing construction area included in the county's fixed assets investment plan was 773,000 square meters, an increase of 8.6% over the previous year; The completed area was 426,000 square meters, down 4.3% from the previous year.

Financial industry

The financial market system has been gradually improved, the level of financial services has been continuously improved, and the total amount of bank deposits and loans has continued to increase. At the end of 2005, the balance of various deposits in financial institutions was 2.2/kloc-0.0 billion yuan, an increase of 3.45 billion yuan over the beginning of the year; The balance of loans was 654.38+0.22 billion yuan, an increase of 265.438+0 million yuan over the beginning of the year, including 3.57 billion yuan of housing loans, a decrease of 654.38+0.5 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.

Internal and external trade

The layout of commercial outlets has increased, and the scale of market sales has expanded. In 2005, the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 206,543.8 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8% over the previous year. Among them, the retail sales of food was 580 million yuan, an increase of11.4%; The retail sales of wearable goods was 240 million yuan, an increase of 9.8%; Retail sales of commodities reached 900 million yuan, up by10.6%; The retail sales of burnt products was 700 million yuan, up by11.6%; The turnover of market trade was 220 million yuan, an increase of 65,438+00.6% over the previous year.

Foreign trade enterprises actively adjust their product structure, vigorously cultivate new growth points, and significantly enhance their export capabilities. In 2005, the allocation for foreign trade and export was 2.57 billion yuan, an increase of 20.8% over the previous year. Among them, the export of industrial products was 2.54 billion yuan, an increase of 21.4%; The export allocation of agricultural and sideline products was 300 million yuan, down 1 1.4%.

Attract overseas investment

Investment promotion measures are effective, and the development of the two parks has entered a substantive stage. In 2005, the county introduced various enterprises 15 14, a decrease of 108 over the previous year; The total registered capital was 465.438+0.3 billion yuan, and the accumulated tax payment was 65.438+0.9 billion yuan, an increase of 43.9% over the previous year. Among them, Chongming Industrial Park and Fu Sheng Development Zone * * * introduced 473 registered enterprises with a registered capital of 654.38+0.27 billion yuan and tax revenue of 965.438+0 billion yuan; The township economic communities introduced enterprises 104 1 home, with a registered capital of 2.86 billion yuan and tax payment of 990 million yuan.

In 2005, 24 foreign-funded enterprises were newly approved, 23 fewer than the previous year; The total investment of the project is 69.92 million USD, and the contracted foreign investment is 274 1 10,000 USD, increasing by 360.3% and 1.55% respectively over the previous year.

Posts and telecommunications and transportation

The construction of communication infrastructure was accelerated, and the level of urban and rural information services was significantly improved. In 2005, the county's post and telecommunications business income was 230 million yuan. At the end of the year, the total capacity of telephone exchanges was 253,000. At the end of the year, there were 227,000 telephone users, a net increase of 20,000 over the previous year. There are 87 telephones per 100 households. The postal service has developed steadily. In 2005, the country sent and received 6.7 million letters, 0.08 million express mail and 0.44 million newspapers and magazines.

The popularization and application of informatization construction have achieved remarkable results. In accordance with the work requirements of "being pragmatic, serving the people and being efficient", the task of information disclosure was completed in time, and the second revision of Chongming government website was organized and implemented. All commissions and bureaus actively promote the use of genuine software, make use of existing network resources, promote online administrative examination and approval at county level, and improve the functions of government portals and official websites. In the whole year, 780 social security cards were collected1person-time, and 7246 social security cards were issued.

Traffic facilities have been continuously improved, and passenger transport capacity has been gradually improved. In 2005, with a total investment of 3 1 10,000 yuan, three high-speed boats and one car ferry 1 boat were built, with 830 seats and 28 parking spaces added, which made the traffic between Shanghai and Chongqing more convenient. During the year, two new waterways, Changxing and Hengsha, were opened and the number of waterways increased to 18. Annual waterway passengers 1 1.42 million person-times; Ferry vehicles 1.24 million. At the end of 2005, there were 30 bus lines with a length of 9 10.7km, carrying 210.99 million passengers throughout the year.

tourism

According to the functional orientation of Chongming Ecological Island, we will actively develop new tourist attractions and vigorously develop ecological leisure tourism. In 2005, Chongming Xisha Wetland Ecological Restoration Experimental Base and World Estuary Shazhou Exhibition Hall were newly built, and Pearl Lake and other tourist attractions were newly opened. Take the opportunity of festival activities to build Chongming tourism brand, and successfully hold theme activities such as "go on road trip around the island", "Forest Carnival", "Zhuhu Cup Fishing Competition", "Avantgarde Golden Autumn Ecological Culture Festival", "Fisherman's Happy Festival" and "Peasant Customs Photography Exhibition" to attract tourists from both inside and outside the island. In 2005, it received 792,000 tourists, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; Operating income was 65.438+0.9 billion yuan, an increase of 27.3% over the previous year.