Small aggregate painting C 13- 18

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1, Courbet-confident, rebellious, crazy, brilliant.

His self-portrait is probably the coolest self-portrait in the history of western art, which is different from other painters' self-portraits with blank faces and empty eyes. In the picture, Courbet is staring at you with her hair pulled up. This is an unforgettable self-portrait. This painting also fully embodies Courbet's unrestrained personality, but also has a hint of "exaggeration" and "show".

/kloc-French painting in the 0/9th century was a place where "monsters" appeared in large numbers ... and Courbet was definitely the "monkey king among monsters".

But one more thing: Courbet was self-taught! In fact, Courbet studied painting skills with the village priest since he was a child. After arriving in Paris, he also received orthodox painting education at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and the Besancon Academy of Fine Arts ... For a China painter, it is important to "learn from the teacher". The more famous a teacher is, the more face he has, and the easier it is for his work to be affirmed. Foreign painters pay attention to "individuality" and "innovation", so it is rare to hear such words as "a painter 100% inherits the style of his master" or "he paints exactly like a master" to evaluate a painter.

Courbet said that he didn't have teachers when he had them, because in his opinion, he didn't learn anything from them, and his painting style and theme were all explored by himself.

19 In the 1940s, his original "Martial Arts" began to emerge, the most famous of which was his series of "narcissistic works" with himself as the theme. Courbet charmed thousands of female fans (and male fans) with this selfie series, and successfully took the first step of "self-marketing".

While his fame exploded, his works were also affirmed by authoritative organizations, which is often mentioned in the first book-the official French salon. The only way for a fledgling painter to become famous is to enter the official salon. The official salon was the most authoritative and unique art platform in France at that time. As an authoritative organization, there must be an authoritative standard, which is also responsible for painters who think they are talented. However, the people who set this standard are all old artists who have been influenced by classical painting. The artistic styles of these "new and new people" are far from their standards. Anyway, one thing is certain. It is not Sharon's refusal that has created these new artists, but that they will become popular sooner or later. The question is where. Courbet is the best example.

This is what he wrote in 1849 that Hornung people have a rest after dinner. The picture shows Courbet's father and several guests who came to his home. They are resting and listening to music after supper. They are relaxed and comfortable. But this theme is rare in salons, because you can't serve it! In addition to fairy tales, there are also emperors, princes, talented people and beautiful women in the salon. Courbet, on the other hand, focuses on ordinary people who can be seen everywhere in daily life. Although it is not on the table, the theme is very novel. After Sharon exhibited this painting, it was well received. Courbet was also awarded the "Gold Medal for Free from Death" by the salon (paintings can be sent to the exhibition without approval in the future).

In the same year, Courbet also created this kind of brick and stone. Although we can't see their faces from the picture, the whole painting can give people a sad feeling ... because we can clearly see our son's future from the picture, and when he grows up, he will continue to do heavy manual work like the old man around him. ...

These two paintings also laid the foundation of Courbet's painting style. He thinks classicism and romanticism are too fake and artificial. "If you want me to draw a little angel with wings, you can catch one for me first." Courbet only painted his "realism" and insisted on paying attention to ordinary people in daily life. After gaining honor, fame and money, he began to paint what he liked. This is his most famous masterpiece, The Funeral of Onan. Talented "rebels" are especially popular.

187 1 joined the Paris commune and was elected as the chairman of the commune artists association. 1871may 16, Courbet led a group of angry youths to knock down a pillar. This column is called "Vendom Column" and is made of 200 cannons. This pillar is a symbol of the French empire, and more importantly, it symbolizes the glory of Napoleon's family. After the failure of the Paris Commune, Courbet was arrested. Courbet spent six months in prison for this. After he got out of prison, he received a bill from the government-300,000 francs, which was used to repair the pillar of Vendom. After running out of money, Courbet went into exile and drowned his sorrows in wine all day. Soon, he died of alcoholism in Lausanne.

Courbet's works influenced many painters at that time. For example, Manet, the later "father of impressionism".

His wild and uninhibited personality made him an artist who stood out from the crowd and shocked the whole painting world again and again ... Is this his true personality expression or deliberate self-marketing? Whether it is "truth" or "performance", his spirit of erin brockovich and his attitude of innovation and change in art deserve our respect.

2. In my opinion, in terms of fame and influence alone, painters can basically be divided into four grades:

The fourth gear is painter. Actually, he is a craftsman. Painting is just a tool to feed oneself and a means of survival. Mainly portrait painters, as long as the paintings are like and the paintings satisfy the customers.

The third gear is the artist. Better yet, have your own ideas, even your own style. Painting is not only a job for them, but also an interest and a way to express personal feelings.

Second gear is the main one. A painter can enter this file, which can basically be described as "great". Not only have they made outstanding contributions in the history of art, but their works will even affect many artists in the third and fourth grades.

1 The file is a legend, full of brilliant talents, which is of epoch-making significance in the history of art, and it takes some "luck" to be included in this file. It can be "good luck" or "bad luck". He must be a "man with a story". Just like a talent show, if something is good, you can add more ingredients, which will be even more brilliant.

In the Dutch painting world, "1 file" painters can spell at least one table of mahjong! "Second gear" painters can almost form several football teams. ) I call this table of mahjong "the four kings of Holland".

Two of them are Van Gogh and Rembrandt, and Vermeer johannes vermeer, 1632 ~ 1675. Because he left almost nothing but paintings.

3. Mystery Man: Vermeer

Therefore, the title of "mystery man" can be said to be worthy of the name. How many paintings did Vermeer leave behind? This issue is still inconclusive, or it can be said that there are 35+ 1 sheet, 1 sheet to be determined.

Because his more than 30 paintings can be said to be masterpieces! The pearl earring girl looks like a simple portrait, but it can capture the visual nerve of every viewer and make people unforgettable. A painting more than 300 years ago can actually touch us modern people. This is the magic of Vermeer itself.

Let's take a look at his "self-portrait" (or suspected self-portrait)-"studio". In fact, this small hole should be the eye of a needle. Vermeer tied a needle in this position, wound a thread around the needle, and completed the whole composition according to the auxiliary line drawn by the thread. Why is the location of the small hole here? Because Vermeer wants to draw your attention to this-without your knowledge.

In fact, "controlling" the viewer's visual attention is a common practice of Dutch painters. But other painters usually point to the point they want you to see with the fingers or other body parts of the characters in the painting. Only Vermeer unconsciously controlled your vision. This is Vermeer's usual trick, hiding obvious clues and making the picture more intriguing. ...

To some extent, Vermeer should also be regarded as a "photographer", except that ordinary photographers only need to "click" when pressing the shutter, while photographers in Victoria University need to press the shutter once every six months-the so-called "human flesh camera".

Vermeer ascended the throne of "Super Master" with more than 30 paintings, because each of his paintings contains many carefully designed details, which hook the audience like clues in detective novels, and people can't help but guess the meaning behind the paintings.

Metaphor: Many painters can use metaphor, but Vermeer uses it a lot.

Control vision: Vermeer likes to control the viewer's vision with his paintings, and at the same time he tries to keep you out of the picture with various props ... Perhaps this is the so-called "beauty of distance". In addition to using tables and chairs, Vermeer also uses color to control vision. "Delft Landscape Painting" is the "Rolls Royce" in landscape painting.

In order to manipulate the vision, he often guides the audience by fiddling with the furnishings in the room. Motion and stillness are relative, and Vermeer deliberately creates the "illusion" of water waves, just to set off the silence of the whole picture.

4. "Golden Painter" gustav klimt gustav klimt: "Double Genius" of Art and Design.

He never talks about his works or even himself. He once said, "If you want to know me, go and see my paintings."

His father is a sculptor, carving gold! These geometric figures used for decoration often appeared in Klimt's works later. This is also the reason why Klimt's works are decorative. Klimt is definitely the most "all-round development" among the master artists. It can be a "human flesh camera" or a bunch of abstract things. The best thing is to combine realism and abstraction perfectly without any sense of contradiction. Masterpiece: Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer, 1907.

Klimt is also an artist who can make money. He knows what people like. Klimt's works often bring people infinite reverie, and they will not feel outdated until today. And he can combine design and art perfectly. Design pays attention to creativity, and art pays attention to feeling.

5. Egon Schiele, Egon Schiele

At that time, no one would have thought that he would shine brilliantly in the next 20 years, and even replace Klimt as the new god of art in Vienna ... Klimt was Schiller's "aristocrat". At that time, Schiller had found his own style, something that many painters could never do in their lifetime. He was 19 years old. When it comes to Schiller's painting style, we have to mention his "genre". Experts and scholars like to classify him as "expressionism". A painting style with bright colors, distortion, no pursuit of painting skills, carelessness, blandness, lack of perspective, irrationality (creation by feeling) and horror and sex as the main themes.

The specific operation mode is as follows:

1. Prepare tools (paint, canvas, brush, etc. ) required for painting;

2. Don't start painting yet, let the brain be in an empty state first, and the body should relax;

3. Choose a few pigments that you think are the most vivid;

4. Now, the first picture that comes to your mind is painted on the canvas with these pigments you choose.

Note: Don't worry about the "likeness" of the painting, let your hand lead the brush and follow your thoughts on the canvas.

In the eyes of us ordinary people, many expressionist masters' works really look like blind paintings. However, in fact, they are far from as simple as they seem, just as a martial arts master can kill his opponent without any complicated moves when he is at the peak. Even if both belong to expressionism, according to each painter's different life experiences and different understanding and mastery of painting techniques, their works can be quite different. In other words, first of all, it depends on whether there is "matter" in your mind; Then see if you have "kung fu" in your hand; Finally, look at your preference for both (which accounts for more percentage). Expressionism has no unified painting method, which is more like Liangshan in Shui Bo. Every hero has his own skills. As long as you say what you really think, you are all good brothers. Therefore, expressionism can also be regarded as a "hodgepodge". Artists who don't know what genre they should be are basically thrown into expressionism. There are also some superstars, such as Edvard Munch, whose Scream is a household name.

Schiller painted still lives, landscapes and portraits. But what he is best at and likes painting most should be the human body. Several iconic features of Schiller's human body;

1. lines. Beautiful and smooth lines are the hallmarks of his works. As famous as Van Gogh's colors and Rembrandt's light and shadow effects, it is a stunt that can "kill people" invisibly. The perspective and three-dimensional sense that have puzzled the master of art for centuries have been solved by Schiller in a few lines.

2 painting methods. In addition to lines, Schiller's painting style is also unique. He usually draws a line drawing first, and then adds the color he thinks is right where he thinks it is. Color is like what I said before: "not to pursue truth, but to express emotion."

So many colorful spots often appear on his human skin. From a realistic point of view, these points look a bit like bruises or acne, but interestingly, the whole picture makes people feel very harmonious, as if those points should be there.

3 theme. About the theme of Schiller's figure painting, in a word, there is only one word-"sex". Of his 65,438+00 figure paintings, 9 contain sexual hints.

These people left many classic works and deeds that touched countless people, but they left us early ... Of course, it is unfortunate for anyone to die young, but from another angle, it is also a kind of happiness that they left the classics there in glory and fixed their lives at the most brilliant moment. Looking back on Schiller's oil paintings, sketches and even poster designs ... even today, there will be no outdated feeling. And he will always be young and handsome in our hearts.

As he once said: "Art is not fashion, art should be eternal."

6. Edward Manet, "heartthrob", 1832 ~ 1883: Known as "the father of impressionism".

With money, status and good painting skills, it is difficult to be sought after. The popularity of French "Mark" is really good, including Monet, Zola and Degas. His friends are all over the industry.

Although MANET does not belong to impressionism, he is sought after and worshipped by the whole impressionism. All this comes from one of his paintings, Lunch on the Grass. If the impressionist movement is a big explosion in the history of art, then MANET's painting is a fuse. The theme and composition are the "tribute" of the master, and a fashionable suit is added to the characters. What's the big deal? Learning is really in this dress.

Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte is a leader who is very keen on art, but few artists he likes can make a name in the history of art, but most of them are red and purple. Courbet, Manet and Impressionism, who were introduced earlier in this chapter, all became masters in the history of art. A person who loved art so much became the most ignorant collector in history. Alas! It was Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte's salon's "unsuccessful exhibition" that made Manet. In the eyes of ordinary people, this "Lunch on the Grass" is probably a puzzling picture of naked women. For a group of "cutting-edge" artists, this painting not only subverted all the mainstream artistic concepts at that time, but also saw hope from this painting-the same work rejected by the salon, so vigorous! If lunch on the grass is lightning that breaks through the night sky, then Olympia is a real "body blow". Officials think this painting is Manet's blatant provocation to mainstream art!

Bar of Goddess Amusement Park: Manet used his works to "pay tribute" to the master he admired for the last time. This time, it was velazquez, the "mirror painter" he admired most. The audience looks at this painting and faces the woman behind the bar, but they can see everything in the bar from the mirror, which is exactly what women look like. ...

Manet has many great titles-the father of impressionism and the founder of modern art. However, on his tombstone, only a short line is engraved, which is said to have been written by Degas: "You are greater than we thought".

7. berthe morisot can become a female artist. First of all, she has money. Her "money" is in her bones, so rich that she doesn't even realize how rich she is. What followed was the birth of an artistic family. Grandpa is a rococo master-Jean Honnore Fragona. He painted Swing. An artist who started the heyday of Rococo art, her teacher was Camille Corot, a master of barbizon. The representative of French barbizon school, the most outstanding lyrical landscape painter in19th century, is also the artist who left the most abundant paintings in19th century. His life today embodies the dreams of countless people, rich, doing artistic things and traveling everywhere. Later, Mo Lisuo brought the idea of outdoor painting to Impressionism and became one of the founders of Impressionism. If Renoir's paintings are full of happiness, then Mo Lisuo's performance is warmth and harmony. Her masterpiece "Cradle" can only appreciate maternal love and gentleness from her sister Emma's eyes and movements. Her stunt is that women she writes are always so attractive. Perhaps this is the advantage of female painters, who seem to be able to draw a woman's inner world. Whenever I stand in front of the women she painted, I can't help but be attracted by their eyes. Sometimes it's just two simple black spots. Sometimes she doesn't even look at you, but she can still catch the viewer's attention effortlessly.

Mo Lisuo appeared 12 times on MANET's canvas and was his favorite model. One of the most famous is this portrait. In Xiao Gu's personal opinion, this painting is as touching and artistic as The Girl with Pearl Earrings and Mona Lisa, but it is not as mysterious as those two. Mo Lisuo's black eyes seem to be particularly touching only on MANET's canvas.

practical application

1. It's right to use high-tech technology to make the painting more accurate. The key is to make technology serve people, so that you can have more time and energy to perfect what you want.

2. Pay attention to the decoration of the works and combine realism and abstraction perfectly.

3. Realism, paying attention to ordinary people in daily life. Whether photography or painting, we can pay attention to such works, which come from life and are higher than life.

next step

1. Practice the lines drawn by people.

2. Learn the color addition in figure painting, and you can add a few strokes at will instead of full-color effect.

3. Learn all kinds of details and visual guidance in Vermeer's works.

sentence of the day

Design pays attention to creativity, and art pays attention to feeling.