What are the basic knowledge of photography?

The basic knowledge should be your proficiency in the camera. You know the aperture, sensitivity, shooting mode and their respective effects.

When you meet the scene you want to shoot, you should use the fastest speed, adjust the camera parameters, at least ensure the correct exposure, and your composition, so you can't lose focus.

The most basic knowledge of these knowledge points is that you should learn to use the camera, and then consider practicing other things.