English sentence structure and example sentences

There are eight sentence elements in English, namely subject, predicate, object, predicative, attribute, adverbial, complement and appositive.

Learn to judge sentence components, and lay a foundation for learning difficult sentences and understanding paragraphs in the future. The formation of English sentences also has its specific rules. Mastering the basic sentence patterns, common sentence patterns and the customary collocation of words, you can write complete and correct sentences.

First, sentence components and basic sentence patterns Before speaking, point out the underlined sentence components in the following sentences and summarize the basic sentence structure of the sentences. 1. They have been working for months or even years. Composition: Subject Predicate Time Adverbial Sentence Structure Summary: Subject+Predicate (intransitive verb)

The movie you see on the screen is the product of a lot of hard work. Attributive predicate summary of predicative sentence structure: subject+copula verb+predicative?

At first, I couldn't understand all the traditional customs. Ingredients:? Subject predicate object? Adverbial? Summary of sentence structure: subject+predicate (transitive verb)+object?

Traditional festivals teach us a lot about the historical elements of our nation: subject and predicate? Indirect object direct object? Summary of sentence structure: subject+predicate (transitive verb)+double object (indirect object+direct object)?

5. Traditional festivals let us learn the excellent elements of China values:? Summary of sentence structure of subject-predicate object complement: Subject+predicate+compound object (object+complement)? Summary: From the above exercises, we can know that sentence elements in English include: subject, predicate, object, predicative, attribute, adverbial and object complement.

6. Is he playing basketball? Yesterday on the playground. (now participle phrase as subject complement)

Second, sentence elements and basic sentence patterns.

(A), sentence components

1, subject:? Explain that the sentence is about "who" or "what", and the subject is usually served by nouns, pronouns or words or phrases equivalent to nouns. Lucy likes her new car very much. ? Lucy likes her new car. He goes to school by bike every day. He gets up early every day. Learning English well is a challenge. Learning English well is a challenging job. An infinitive phrase as the subject

2. Predicate:? Explain the subject "what to do", "what to be" or "how to be". In English, predicates can only be used as verbs. Weworkhard。 We work hard. That boy? Caught? A bird. ? The boy caught a bird. He is like his father. ? He is like his father. Note: Prepositions cannot be used as predicates. They must form a system table structure with be verbs and act as predicates together. Predicate and subject must agree in person and number. Music is the most enjoyable thing in life. Music is the greatest happiness in life. Can I take it away? Every bite. Sweet and light taste of red bean stuffing? Slowly? Fill? My mouth.

3. target:? The object is the object of action. Used by nouns, pronouns or words or phrases equivalent to nouns to indicate that the subject is true? "what". Tom bought a story book. Tom bought a story book. I saw him? Yesterday. ? I saw him yesterday. He decided to run away from home. He decided to run away from home. Pay attention to infinitive phrases as objects: objects are divided into direct objects and indirect objects: some transitive verbs can have two objects, one refers to a person and the other refers to a thing, the person refers to an indirect object and the thing refers to a direct object; A combined double object. I bought a box of markers? Last night. ? He gave me some ink. Indirect object? Our teacher told us an interesting story. The teacher told us an interesting story. Indirect object direct object

4. Predication: explain the subject "what" or "how"; It forms a predicate together with a connecting verb, and the predicate is served by a noun, an adjective or a word or phrase equivalent to a noun or an adjective. Used after a copula. I have been an English teacher since I graduated from college. My sister is a nurse. Terry seems depressed today. Terry seems very depressed today. Tom's dream has come true. Tom's dream came true. Adjective as predicative

5. Attribution: Modifying nouns or pronouns. Besides adjectives, nouns, pronouns, numerals, prepositional phrases or words or phrases equivalent to adjectives can be used as attributes. After years of hard work? After years of hard work, his career began to take off. Are these students yours? Classmate? Are these students in your class? Winter is the coldest season of the year. Winter is the coldest season of the year. The building to be built next year will be our new teaching building. The building to be built next year will be our new teaching building. The infinitive here is an attribute of people? Very friendly. People here are very friendly. Adverbs as attributive note: when a single adjective is used as attributive, it is usually placed before the modified word. Preposition phrases, infinitive phrases or adverbs are placed after the modified words when they are used as attributes.

6. Adverbial: Verbs, adjectives, adverbs or components that modify the whole sentence are called adverbials. Adverbs are mainly adverbs and prepositional phrases or words or phrases equivalent to adverbs. Jack runs very fast. ? Jack runs fast. All these clothes are handmade. All these clothes are handmade. She will arrive in Shanghai on Friday. She will arrive in Shanghai on Friday. In order to pass the weekly exam, he is studying very hard. He is studying hard in order to pass the weekly exam. Adverbial infinitive phrase

7. object complement:? Some transitive verbs need a component behind the object to explain the object, so that the meaning can be complete. This component is called object complement. The object and complement form a compound object. They always call? I'm Lao Yang. Object object complement? What nouns must you keep? The room is clean and tidy. Object? Mr. Yang invited me to visit his new house in Huahua. I painted my old house last week. The object complement we found? Ten minutes ago, the girls in our class were playing games on the playground. Object complement present participle as object complement

8, subject complement A sentence is sometimes not enough to express the complete meaning, and another component needs to be added to supplement the state, characteristics and nature of the subject. This component is the subject complement. The components commonly used as complements are adjectives, nouns, numerals, infinitives, participles and prepositional phrases. Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. After the sentence where the object complement is located becomes the passive voice, the object complement becomes the subject complement. I saw the kite floating up and down. People look at kites from top to bottom. Up and down are adverbs as subject complements)

9. appositive? The appositive further explains and supplements the previous noun or pronoun, and explains who it refers to or what it is. Most appositives are nouns, and adjectives, pronouns, numerals and clauses can also be used as appositives. You kids? You must learn to say please and thank you. You children must learn to say please and thank you. I heard the news that our team won. I heard that our team won. Memorize sentence elements skillfully, and remember the seven components of the subject-predicate object table. Remember the subject, predicate and object clearly. After the object of the subject-object table is modified, the subject-predicate-object table is often supplemented. Adverbial position is the most flexible. Exercise 1: Point out the underlined components in the following sentences. (Write sentence elements in the underlined part of the horizontal line)

1. Jack and Tom are doing their homework? Now target

Betty planted many trees and flowers on her farm? Predicate?

The boy under the tree is a policeman. Predicate?

We visited the Great Wall last week? adverbial modifier

Yang Jing is my best friend? My childhood friend. ? Attributive?

6. Healthy living? Take a walk in the park with my wife after dinner. Adverbial?

Mary asked me to help her? Yesterday. ? object complement

On my girlfriend's birthday, I bought her a gold ring. ? Double object

9. Mr. Willemans? A doctor. Predicate (copula)

10. Boys and girls seem very excited? When they heard the news. System table structure

3. Basic sentence patterns of simple sentences: A simple sentence consists of a subject (or tied subject) and a predicate (or tied predicate). Simple sentences are divided into five basic sentence patterns:

1. subject+predicate (subject? +intransitive verb) Example 1: Can Little Sister swim? It's good. ? My sister swims very well. Subject predicate (intransitive verb) Example 2: The plane has arrived. The plane has arrived. Theme? Predicate 2. Subject+predicate+object (subject+transitive verb+object) Example 3: Poor passenger? On the real Titanic? Saw the tip of the iceberg. The poor passenger on the Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg. Example 4: The company makes movies? . ? This company makes movies. Theme. Predicate? Object Example 5: Stanley? Bought a house? Last year. ? Stanley bought an apartment last year. Subject-predicate object 3. Subject+connecting verb+predicative (subject+connecting verb+predicative) Example 6: My mother is a scientist. My mother is a scientist. Theme? She looks very young. She looks very young. Subject-predicate example 8: The taste of the cake? Very? Delicious. ? This cake tastes delicious. Theme? Predicate? Predicate 4. Subject+predicate+double object (subject+transitive verb+indirect object+direct object) Example 9: My mother bought me a dictionary? Yesterday. ? My mother bought me a dictionary yesterday. Theme? Predicate? Indirect object? Can you give me the math book? Can you give me the math book? Predicate? Theme? Predicate? Indirect object? 1 1: Can you tell us something about your school life? Predicate subject predicate indirect object? Can you tell me something about your study life? Subject+predicate+compound object (subject+transitive verb+object+complement) Example 12: We must keep the classroom clean and tidy. We must keep the classroom clean and tidy. Example 13: My mother asked me to speak English as much as possible. Theme? Predicate? Object? My mother asked me to speak English as much as possible. Example 14: I heard her sing Happy? I was in the room just now. Subject predicate? Object? I heard her singing happily in the room just now. Exercise 2: Point out the basic types of the following sentences 1. Subject+predicate 2. Subject+predicate+object 3. Subject+copula+predicate 4. Subject+predicate+double object (object? +Direct customers? 5. Subject+predicate+compound object (object? +? Binbu)

1. Plants need water and sunlight. ? Lord+? Verb+object

These flowers are so fresh and beautiful. ? Lord? +? Department? +? table

The sun rises in the east. ? Lord? +? He gave me some flowers. Lord? +? Say? +guests? +Direct customers? We should keep the classroom clean and tidy. ? Lord? +? Say? +? Ice? +? Binbu 6. Many animals live in trees. Lord? +? It means seven. Her mother looks very young. Lord? +? Department? +? Table 8. She teaches us English. Lord? +? Say? +guests? +Direct customers? 9. The children are jumping and laughing happily. ? Lord? +? It means 10. Our teacher asked us to talk about these problems in pairs. Lord? +? Say? +? Ice? +? Bimbu? 1 1. He often tells me some interesting stories. ? Lord? +? Say? +guests? +direct guest 12. Students must close their eyes. Lord? +? Say? +? Ice? +? Bimbu? Fourth, the test site should test skills 1. In grammar fill-in-the-blank questions, we should pay attention to the analysis of sentence components to judge what part of speech should be filled in the fill-in-the-blank questions. 2. When reading English articles, we should constantly cultivate and analyze the sentence components and grasp the main part of the sentence (subject, predicate and object) in order to understand the meaning of the sentence.

5. Sentence components and basic sentence patterns are concise (1). Underline the subject () predicate () object/predicate () of the sentence in the following college entrance examination questions (if there are clauses, only draw the subject, predicate, object/table of the main sentence).

A hotel in Rome? Provide a bed? A dormitory is about 25 dollars a night. The new high test paper 1 from 202 1.

2. Unfortunately, explorers and settlers? Who followed it? Only a few decades of formal subjects? Predicate indirect object direct object determines a large part of resources. The real question comes from 202 1 the first volume of the new college entrance examination.

According to this bill, all waterfowl hunters? 16 years old and above? Must? Every year? Buy and carry a federal duck stamp. According to the law, all waterfowl hunters aged 16 and above must buy and carry federal duck stamps every year. 4. Research shows that emotional skills may contribute to some qualities. A new high test paper from 202 1? Translating clauses into objects (object clauses): Studies show that emotional skills may help to improve these qualities.

5. The ability to accurately understand the feelings of others? Might need it? To find the best way to help patients. ? The ability to accurately understand other people's feelings may be used by doctors to find out how best to help her patients. Analysis: To understand this sentence well, we should also understand the meaning of "being used to do something", which means "being used to do something". 6. See if the annual competition is desirable? For photographers from all corners of Britain and beyond. ? From 202 1 National Grade A? "Take a look" is an enviable annual competition in which photographers from all over Britain and other regions take part. Analysis: this sentence is an ellipsis: beyond? Omit the back? Every corner of Britain.

7. Officials from the port of Lempi? I'm glad. With the new arrival, especially the black rhinoceros as the object of subject-predicate preposition is famous for its difference from captive breeding. Officials in Limpen Port are happy with the new rhinoceros, especially because the black rhinoceros is famous for its captive breeding. Analysis: as here? Adverbial clause of guiding reason. Without my beloved beach and endless blue sky, I feel at a loss and out of place. From the first volume of China 202 1? Subject predicate? Without my beloved beach and endless blue sky, I feel at a loss and uncomfortable. Analysis: Nothing ... Part of it is the description of prepositional phrases.

9. South Bank, at the east bend of the Thames? It is the center of skateboarding in Britain. The sound of the skateboard hitting keeps your head buzzing. The south bank from 202 1 is located at a bend in the east of Thames, which is the center of skateboarding in Britain. The constant collision of skateboards makes you shake your head. Analysis: the backbone of this sentence is the main family table structure. Where to lead the complement of non-restrictive attributive clauses. Used as a subject complement in an east bend of the Thames to supplement the geographical position of the south bank.

10. I went back to that serious era, the last time was last spring. Since then, I have been there several times, most recently last spring. Analysis: This sentence is a subject-predicate structure without an object, because travel is an intransitive verb.

Please click to enter a picture description.

Please click to enter a picture description.