Who is the father of symphony, piano poet, king of songs, music saint, king of violin, music prodigy and waltz? Where did it come from?

Austrian composer Haydn (1732- 1809) is the earliest representative of Vienna classical music school and is called "the father of symphony" by the world. He studied music under difficult conditions since he was a child. At the age of 8, he was selected by the church music director to learn to sing. After that, he received training in keyboard instruments, violin and music theory, and played organ and harpsichord in church and court to make a living. 176 1 year, he worked as a musician in the home of the Hungarian aristocrat Duke Isthach.

For 30 years.

Haydn's love for music, open-minded attitude towards life, the world and nature, optimistic and calm personality, and Austria's relaxed and free belief environment in the second half of the 8th century/kloc-0 made his music full of healthy, simple, humorous and relaxed interests. His musical style is closely related to the rich urban music and folk music in Vienna, Austria. His fresh and lively melody and concise harmony make his music unique.

Haydn wrote many works in his life, the number of which is amazing, covering a wide range of fields. His most important contribution is more than 100 symphonies and 68 string quartets. Haydn was not the pioneer of symphony, and Bach and Handel had tried this genre before him. Haydn established the standard of symphony on the basis of predecessors, so he was called "the father of symphony" by later generations. He fixed the symphony in the form of four movements and formed a complete symphony orchestra on the orchestration, which laid the foundation for the development of modern symphony. His music is rich in melody and often reveals a simple and cheerful folk flavor. The most famous symphonies are Horn, Farewell, Surprise, 6 Paris, Oxford and 12 London. 12 The London Symphony is his best and most famous work. In London, he conducted the performance and achieved great success, which prompted him to visit London again a year and a half later and achieve success again. After two visits, he wrote the last 12 symphony, known as the London symphony, which is the best of his kind.

In the creation of quartets, the "speaking principle" is often used, that is, the theme of each voice echoes each other like a dialogue, with clear melody and polyphonic beauty. He often used the "theme flexibility principle" in the development of music, which directly inspired Beethoven's "motivation development". Haydn also has two famous oratorios Genesis and Four Seasons.

Piano poet Chopin

Friedrich Chopin (18 10- 1849) was born in Zheriazova Walia, a suburb of Warsaw. His father, nicolas chopin, was originally French, and later moved to Poland. In 1794, he participated in the uprising against the invaders led by Polish national hero Kosciushko (1746- 18 17). After the failure of the uprising, he lived in Warsaw and made a living by teaching and other jobs. Later, he opened a boarding school at home. From then on, he stopped participating in politics and just sought a peaceful life. However, he kept close contact with the cultural circles in Warsaw, which had an impact on Chopin's ideological growth.

Chopin showed a special musical talent from an early age, not only playing the piano, but also composing music. At the age of seven, he published his first work-Polish Dance in G minor. At the age of eight, he made his first public performance. From then on, Chopin played the piano as a "prodigy" and was often invited by the nobles in Warsaw to play, and became the darling of aristocratic salons for a while. 1825, Russian czar Alexander I, who came to Warsaw to attend the Polish Parliament, also attended a concert by Chopin and gave Chopin a diamond ring. These experiences of Chopin's childhood and adolescence are in sharp contrast with his later experiences.

When Chopin was a teenager, he was also exposed to Polish folk music in urban and rural areas and the progressive ideas of many Polish patriots. From 65438 to 0826, Chopin officially became a student of the Conservatory of Music, interacting with many progressive teachers and students. These years, Zheng Xiao often goes to the countryside for holidays. He enjoys the natural scenery of the motherland, listens to farmers' songs and plays music, and participates in country dances and weddings. The culture and national music of the motherland, like seeds, are planted in Chopin's heart.

/kloc-Poland from the end of 0/8th century to the middle of 0/9th century is a disaster-stricken country and an epic nation. 1772, 1793, 1795, Russia, Prussia and Austria divided the weak Poland three times. They carved up the territory of Poland, enslaved the Polish people, and tried to stifle their national consciousness in order to rule for a long time. However, as a Polish patriotic song sings: "Poland will not perish!" The Polish people have always adhered to the indomitable patriotic struggle. /kloc-Poland's progressive and national romantic literature and art greatly promoted this struggle in the first half of the 0/9th century. At that time, a group of patriotic thinkers, writers and artists emerged in Poland. They advocate that literature and art should have distinctive national characteristics, have ideological content of loving people and freedom, and have rich emotional color. These thoughts had a profound influence on Chopin.

Chopin's friend, Polish poet Witwicky, wrote in his letter to Chopin: "As long as you always remember nationality, nationality, and finally nationality ..... just like Poland has the nature of the motherland and the melody of the motherland. Mountains and rivers, forests, rivers and grasslands all have their own inner voice of the motherland, although not every heart can hear it. " He repeatedly told Chopin to "for the people, through the people!" Chopin's teacher Elsner also said to Chopin, "You are a genius. Written for the people, written with people's nature and nationality. " All these have brought profound influence to Chopin's later ideological development.

1830, the July Revolution broke out in France. It not only attacked the feudal rule of the reactionary "Holy Alliance" in Europe, but also promoted the revolutions of European countries. At this time, Polish patriotic forces revived and secret patriotic organizations became active. They ignored the arrest and repression of the reactionary authorities and are brewing a new uprising. It is in such a turbulent situation that Chopin's relatives, teachers and friends urged Chopin to go abroad for further study and win glory for his motherland through his music creation and performance. Therefore, Chopin is in a fierce ideological struggle, and patriotism makes him nostalgic; His career made him want to leave again. He wrote: "I'm still here, and I can't decide the date of departure." I feel that if I leave Warsaw, I will never go back to my hometown. I am convinced that I will bid farewell to my hometown forever. Ah, how sad it is to die where you were not born! "

The pain of parting and the premonition of farewell tormented him, but the encouragement, persuasion and expectation of relatives and friends inspired him, making him realize that he has the responsibility to go abroad and praise the motherland and the nation with art, and he was excited about it. He wrote: "I am willing to sing all the voices inspired by anger and unrestrained emotions, so that my works (at least some of them) can be regarded as John Sobiesky,/Kloc-the king of Poland's besieged city in the 0/7th century. He defeated the Turkish invaders, recovered the territory of the motherland, expelled the Turks from Vienna and Hungary, and made him famous in Europe. ) The battle song sung by the troops. Warsongs are dead, but their echoes will still ripple on both sides of the Danube.

The King of Songs-Schubert

Schubert (F.P. Schubert 1797— 1828)

Schubert, an Austrian composer,1797+1October 3 1 was born in a poor family of primary school principals in Vienna. He studied piano and violin since he was a child. At the age of eleven, he was admitted to the choir of the Imperial Church, lived in a seminary, became a violinist, and served as a conductor. This gave him the opportunity to get in touch with some famous composers of Vienna classical music school. He wrote the first symphony for the band in 18 13. 18 13 left the seminary because of a voice change. In order to reduce the family burden, Schubert went to his father's school as a teaching assistant and continued to create.

18 14 10 June 19 Compose for Goethe's poem Gretchen by the Spinning Wheel. Schubert's first masterpiece of songs opened the floodgates of his creative inspiration. In just 18 15 years, Schubert wrote 144 songs, of which 10 wrote 8 songs in one day. In addition to songs, he also composed 1 symphony and 2 mass works. 18/kloc-quit his teacher in 0/6 and concentrate on composing. Because he has no fixed income, his life is relatively poor, and he often reflects depressed and depressed emotions in some works. Nevertheless, he enthusiastically created a large number of excellent works praising the national liberation struggle. Schubert's body and mind were greatly destroyed by the long-term hard life. 1828+0 19 June 65438+ 10 Schubert, who was only 3 1 year old, died suddenly in Vienna, and he was devoutly buried next to Beethoven's grave.

Schubert's creative career was short, but he left a lot of musical wealth to later generations. More than 600 euphemistic art songs have added dazzling brilliance to the world music treasure house, and are known as the "king of songs" in the history of music. His most representative songs are Devil, Wild Rose, Ode to Our Lady, Bodhi Tree, Trout, Serenade, Beautiful Mill Girl, Winter Travel and so on. In addition, there are 18 operas, oratorios and opera music, 10 symphonies, 19 string quartets, 22 piano sonatas, 4 violin sonatas and many other works.

Beethoven, a saint of ancient and modern music

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770.12.16-1827.3.26), one of the greatest German musicians and pianists, is also the last representative of the Viennese classical music school. Together with Haydn and Mozart, he was called "the Three Masters of Vienna" by later generations. He was born in Holland (also known as Poland) and came from a singer's family in Cologne. He was born in a civilian family in Bonn, Germany, and studied music with his father since childhood. He showed his musical talent very early and began to perform at the age of eight. 1792 went to Vienna for further study, and his art made rapid progress. Beethoven believed in harmony and advocated heroes, and created a large number of outstanding works full of the flavor of the times, such as the symphony Heroes and Destiny. Overture Egmont; Piano sonatas Pathetique, Moonlight, Storm, Passion, etc. I had a rough life and didn't get married. At the age of twenty-six, I began to be deaf, and I was completely deaf in my later years. I can only talk to people through a talk book. However, the lonely life did not make him silent and retired. In the feudal restoration era when all progressive thoughts were banned, he still adhered to the political belief of "freedom, equality and fraternity". Through his speeches and works, he shouted for * * * and ideals, reflecting the revolutionary enthusiasm of the bourgeoisie against feudalism and for democracy at that time, and wrote the immortal Ninth Symphony. Influenced by the Enlightenment in18th century and the hurricane movement in Germany, his works are distinctive in personality and have made great progress compared with his predecessors. In music performance, he almost involved all the music schools at that time; Greatly improve the expressive force of the piano and make it obtain a symphonic dramatic effect; It also makes symphony an important music form that directly reflects social changes. Beethoven, the masterpiece of classical music, opened up the road of music in The Romantic Period, played a decisive role in the development of world music and left an invaluable music treasure for mankind. Therefore, the world respectfully calls him "Le Sheng". His major works include nine symphonies (the most famous are The Third Hero, The Fifth Destiny, The Sixth Pastoral and The Ninth Chorus) and the opera Federio.

The King of Violin-Paganini

Paganini (nicolo Paganini, 1782- 1840)

Italian violin master and composer. Born in northern Italy, near the Mediterranean port of Genoa. My father is a small businessman with little education, but he loves music very much. He is an amateur of guitar and mandolin. His father taught him to play the mandolin and hired a theater violinist to teach him the violin. Then he studied with the most famous violinist in Genoa. His musical talent was fully demonstrated in his childhood, and he could easily play any piece at once. At the same time, he also learned to compose music. Write a violin sonata at the age of eight. 1 1 years old, held a public concert in Genoa and achieved great success. /kloc-started traveling and performing at the age of 0/3. When he was fourteen or fifteen, Rudolf, a famous French violinist? Rudolf Rodolphe Kreutzer, who devoted himself to Beethoven's Rudolf Rodolphe Kreutzer Sonata, was shocked after listening to his performance, and could hardly believe his ears. 1805, violin solo by Luga court band. After 1825, he traveled all over Vienna, Germany, Paris and England, and he also played guitar and viola. In his "Twenty-four Capriccios", he showed superb skills. His skills influenced later violin works and piano skills and works. His works include Concerto in bE Major, Twenty-four Capriccios, Witch's Dance, Endless Movement, Venice Carnival, Army Sonata, Napoleon Sonata, Love Scene, Witch and Violin Concerto in D Major. In addition, there are 200 guitars and various chamber music. 1840 On the night of May 27th, this man, known as the "God of violin" and "King of music", passed away at the age of 58.

He studied piano in his early years, and then went to Genoa and Palma to study. At the age of nine, he performed on the stage for the first time. At the age of thirteen, he traveled all over Vienna, Germany, Paris and England, and also played guitar and viola. In his "Twenty-four Capriccios", he showed amazing talent.

His performance brought the violin skills to an unparalleled height, and made an indelible contribution to the development of violin performance art, which not only influenced later violin works, but also influenced piano skills and works. He also used guitar skills to play the violin, which greatly enriched the expressive force of the violin. Due to the secrecy of his skills, he published few works before his death, most of which were published after his death. His works include Concerto in Bay Major, Capriccio 24, Witch's Dance, Endless Music, Venice Carnival and so on.

Music prodigy-Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Morita Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 ~ 179 1), an Austrian composer, is a representative of the Vienna classical school.

1756 65438+/kloc-0 was born at No.9 Grain Street in Salzburg, Austria on October 27th,179165438+died in Vienna on February 5th at the age of 35.

Mozart's creation involves all schools of music art, among which opera and symphony are the most outstanding. Representative works include: The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute; Symphony no 39 in bE major, symphony no 40 in g minor and symphony no 41 in c major (Jupiter).

Father of Waltz-Old John? Straus

Johann Strauss I was born in Vienna on March 65438, 0804. His grandfather, Wolff, was Hungarian. He once lived in Nielspol, along the Danube River, not too far from Vienna. His father's name is Franz and he can play the violin. Later, his family moved to Vienna. Under the influence of his father, Johann Strauss I studied violin in primary school, and later studied under the violinist Glaz von Juiry of the Vienna Opera House. After 18 17, he played viola in a pop dance band led by Michael Pampei. 18 19, he went to joseph lanner's Viennese waltz band, the lyre, and sometimes served as a conductor. 1825, he married Maria Anna strom and gave birth to three sons. At this time, he left Lelanna to form a band and wrote a lot of music for these bands. 1849 On September 25th, Johann Strauss I died in Vienna at the age of 45.

Johann Strauss I composed more than 150 waltzes, dozens of polkas and marches in his life. But his greatest achievement was that he laid the foundation of Viennese Waltz with composer joseph lanner. Before them, the waltz was slow, and the three beats of a bar were the same; Vienna Waltz, the second beat and the third beat tend to drag a little longer, and the speed is generally Allegro. Structurally speaking, the Viennese waltz is a little more complicated than the general waltz. It consists of an overture, three to five waltzes and an epilogue. Each waltz has two melodies, which are repeated to form a single two-part form or a single three-part form. The content of music expression is also profound, so Johann Strauss I is called "the father of waltz".

Although Johann Strauss I composed hundreds of waltzes, dozens of polkas and marches, among his works, Radsky's March is the most influential and popular one. This piece of music was written by Johann Strauss I in 1848, and it was arranged as No.228.

Strauss family is a famous music family in Vienna, Austria in the19th century. But now we generally refer to the composer Strauss and his son, Johann Strauss I (1804- 1849) and his three sons-Johann Strauss II (1825- 1899) and josef strauss (1827-/. The "old" and "small" here were added by later generations. Because both father and son are called John. In order to distinguish them, we have to add the words "old" and "small" before the name.