The hump of the "Desert Boat" is used to:

"Boat in the Desert" The camel's hump is used to: the boat in the desert.

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Camel humps are used to store fat.

Colloidal fat is stored in the hump, and the two humps of bactrian camels can store 40 kilograms of fat. Long and arduous journeys often make camels hungry. At this time, the strange hump fat will gradually undergo chemical changes, which will provide the camel with nutrition, energy and water after oxidation and decomposition. It is estimated that every 107 g of fat can produce 107 g of water when it is oxidized, and two humps full of fat can get more than 40 liters of water in the process of continuous oxidation. It can be seen that hump is not an ordinary reservoir, but a chemical reservoir.

Camels store a lot of fat in their humps. Because camels live in the desert, the conditions there are very difficult, and sometimes they can't find food and water for many days, so they use the nutrients stored in the hump to maintain their lives. Anatomically, it is confirmed that the hump stores the deposited fat, not the water sac. Metabolic water produced by fat oxidation can meet the needs of camel life activities. So some people think that the hump actually stores "solid water". It is determined that 1g fat produces 1. 1g metabolic water, and a 45kg hump is equivalent to 50kg metabolic water. But in fact, the metabolism of fat is inseparable from the participation of oxygen, and in the process of oxygen inhalation, the water lost from the lungs is comparable to the water metabolized by fat. This fact shows that Luo Feng is not a solid reservoir at all, but a huge energy storage device, which provides material guarantee for camels to travel long distances in the desert.

The rumen of camel is divided into several blind sacs by muscle blocks, which are called "water sacs". Some people think that after a camel drinks water, it needs to store a lot of water in its stomach before it feels thirsty. In fact, those water bags can only hold 5 ~ 6L of water, which is mixed with fermented feed and presents a sticky green juice. The salt concentration in these green juices is roughly the same as that in blood, so it is difficult for camels to use the water in their stomachs. Moreover, the water sac can not be effectively isolated from other parts of rumen, and it is too small to form an effective water storage reservoir. Anatomically, apart from the hump and stomach, there is no organ dedicated to storing water. So it can be concluded that there is no reservoir for camels.

2. The water source of camel's life activities under the condition of water loss.

The research results of K.Schmidt—Nielsen show that camels don't drink too much water when they get water, or that the water they drink is only used to satisfy and relieve dehydration at that time, so that body fluids can return to normal volume level. From this point of view, in the case of not entering the water, the water needed by camels to maintain life activities comes from the reduction of body fluids. The normal amount of body fluid minus the maximum amount of body fluid during dehydration is the maximum amount of water that can be provided by camel's body fluid system. In the summer desert, camels can tolerate dehydration with a weight loss of 25% ~ 30%. For a camel weighing 500kg, it means water loss 125 ~ 150 kg. On the contrary, the water "reserve" of a 500kg camel is 125 ~ 150 kg. This is obviously much bigger than the water storage function of hump and water bag that people think. What really has a "reservoir" is the camel's body fluid system, not the wind or water sac.

Adapted to camel's high dehydration resistance, camel's blood has a special high concentration of protein, and this protein has a strong water retention capacity. Under the condition of extreme dehydration of camel, this plasma protein can still maintain the moisture in blood, ensure the normal operation of blood circulation, ensure the thermal diffusion of body nucleus to the body surface, and increase the viability under high temperature dehydration.

3. The structure and physiological mechanism to solve the water contradiction.

Water gain and water loss are two aspects of biological water metabolism. In the desert where water is extremely scarce, water is the most prominent contradiction faced by living things. Therefore, it is equally important for creatures in the desert to ensure water acquisition and reduce water loss. Camels have gradually formed a set of adaptive mechanisms from structure to physiology in the long-term evolution process to reduce water loss.

3. 1 Fine temperature regulation mode

Camels have a wide temperature range and are suitable for desert environments with large temperature difference between day and night and need to reduce water loss. During the day, camel's body temperature increases with the increase of environmental temperature, and the highest temperature can reach 465,438 0℃, and it decreases with the decrease of environmental temperature at night, and the lowest temperature can reach 34℃, and the fluctuation range of body temperature is 7℃, and this fluctuation is more obvious in dehydrated state. But it can't show the original mechanism of camel's constant temperature, but a more delicate way of body temperature regulation based on constant temperature.

In high temperature environment, raising body temperature can reduce the temperature difference between animal body and environment and reduce the inflow of external heat. At the same time, the increase of camel's body temperature also plays a role in storing heat, and this part of the stored heat can be diffused into the surrounding environment by conduction and radiation at night instead of evaporation, and the result is to reduce the evaporation and water loss that may be caused by maintaining a constant body temperature. The specific heat of a 500kg camel is 3.35 kJ/kg k, and a temperature rise of 7℃ is equivalent to storage of1.26×107 j. If the heat is lost through water evaporation, 5L of water will be lost.

3.2 Effective thermal barrier

Camel hair is long and fluffy, forming an effective thermal barrier on its body surface. The stagnant air layer between camel hair affects conduction and convection, reducing the heat loss at low temperature and the inflow of external heat at high temperature. The experiment shows that camels with hair thickness less than 1cm lose 3L per 100kg body weight every day on average, while camels with hair length of 3 ~ 14 cm only lose 2L per 100kg body weight every day. The effective heat insulation of camel hair indirectly reduces the evaporation of water.

In addition, the camel's nasal mucosa area is large, which increases the reabsorption of moisture in exhaled gas and reduces the loss of respiratory moisture; Concentrated urine reduces the consumption of water in discharged waste; Dry feces also play a role in reducing water.

In the long-term evolution, camels have adapted to the desert, an extremely water-deficient environment, and formed unique adaptive characteristics, which not only ensure that a large amount of water is stored in the body, but also ensure that the water in the body will not be excessively lost, thus effectively solving the most prominent contradiction faced by desert animals. At the same time, camels are also studied and discussed as typical animals adapted to high temperature and water shortage.

other

There are two kinds of camels, one with a hump and the other with two humps. The dromedary camel is relatively tall. It can walk and run in the desert, and can carry goods and people. Camels with short limbs are more suitable for walking in gravel and snow. Camels, unlike other animals, are particularly thirsty. People can only ride camels across the desert, so camels are known as "boats in the desert". The camel's hump stores fat. When the camel can't get food, the fat can be decomposed into nutrients needed by the camel's body for survival. Camels can go four or five days without eating, relying on the fat in the hump. In addition, there are many bottle-shaped bubbles in the camel's stomach, which is where the camel stores water. The water in these "bottles" makes camels safe even if they don't drink water for several days.

Camels have hair in their ears, which can prevent sand from entering; Camels have double eyelids (Ji m 4 n) and dense cilia (jié) to prevent sandstorms from entering their eyes; The camel's nose can also be closed freely. These "equipment" make camels completely afraid of sandstorms. The sand is soft, and it is easy for people to fall in when they step on it. The camel's feet are flat, and there are thick and soft meat pads under its feet, so that the camel can walk freely on the sand and not fall into the sand.

(Added by Wang Dun) Camels are the collective name of two large ruminant mammals in the family Camelidae of Artiodactyla, which can be divided into single-humped camels and double-humped camels. A dromedary camel has only one hump, and a bactrian camel, also called a summer camel, has two humps. Camels have long limbs and soft and wide feet, which are suitable for walking in sand or snow. There are horny pads on the chest and knees to support the body when kneeling. Running shows a unique gait, and the front and rear limbs on the same side move at the same time. There are two rows of eyelashes to protect the eyes, and the ear holes are hairy; The nostrils can be closed, and the vision and smell are keen, which is helpful to adapt to adverse environments such as windy deserts. Camels that are properly trained and managed are docile, but they are also prone to anger, especially during the period of * * *. Spitting when angry, biting and kicking people, is very dangerous. Camels originated in North America about 40 million years ago. Later, its distribution expanded to South America and Asia, but it disappeared in its producing area. Traditionally, camels are used as important pack animals. Although the speed of bactrian camel is only 3 to 5 kilometers per hour, it can carry heavy objects for a long time, and 50 kilometers per day is feasible. The camel's legs are longer, and people can keep the speed of 13 to 16 kilometers when riding 18 hours. Camels can live in the roughest part of scarce vegetation and eat spiny plants, shrub branches and hay that other animals don't eat, but they are willing to eat if there is better food. Camels store fat in their humps when there is plenty of food, and they use this reserve when conditions are bad. The fat in the hump is not only used as a source of nutrition, but also can produce water through fat oxidation. Therefore, camels can go without food or water for several days. According to records, camels survived without water for 17 days. Camels lose water slowly, and the dehydration amount reaches 25% of their body weight, which still has no adverse effects. Camels can drink 100 liter of water in one breath and regain their weight in a few minutes. Because of these characteristics, camels are called desert boats. In winter, camels grow fluffy coarse hair. In spring, the coarse hair falls off and the body is almost * * * until new hair begins to grow. Every time a female camel gives birth to a calf, it needs to breastfeed for one year. Camels can live for 30 to 40 years.

Hump is like a warehouse, storing a lot of fat. Camels are often hungry and thirsty when they travel long distances in the desert. At this time, the fat in the hump will decompose and become much-needed nutrition and water in the body.

Camels are extremely thirsty because there is a special high concentration of albumin in camel blood. This albumin has a strong water storage capacity and can effectively protect the water in the blood. Secondly, camels have the function of saving water and preserving water, which can regulate body temperature and reduce water consumption. In addition, camels rarely have hot wheezing, so there is little loss of body fluids. At the same time, camel's sweat glands are distributed throughout the body surface, forming a good heat dissipation "air conditioning". In addition, camel can meet about 5%- 10% water demand in a short time by metabolizing water from body fat, so camel has strong thirst tolerance.

Here are some common sense about camels:

1. Camels can drink more than 100 liters of water at a time, and they will not die of thirst without drinking water for 8 days.

2. Ears: Camels have small ears, which can prevent sand from entering the ear canal.

3. Eyes: Camels have long eyelashes, and camels have a third eyelid, which can cover their eyes like transparent curtains and block sand and hot sunshine.

4, nostrils: Camels can open and close their nostrils at will, as long as the sandstorm is together, camels will close their nostrils to protect their noses.

A drunken journey to the West, titled: What is the camel's hump, a ship in the desert? What is the correct answer? A drunken journey to the West, titled: What is the camel's hump, a ship in the desert? The correct answer is fat storage.

What is the camel's hump used for? Some people say it's water storage, who knows? 1, water storage

Step 2 store nutrients

Step 3 store fat

Camels are called ships in the desert, and yaks are called "cars on the plateau"

Why are camels called ships in the desert? Unlike other animals, camels are particularly thirsty. People can ride camels across the desert.

Camels are also called "ships in the desert".

The camel's hump stores fat. When the camel can't get food, the fat can be decomposed into nutrients needed by the camel's body for survival.

Camels can go four or five days without eating, relying on the fat in the hump. Besides,

There are many bottle-shaped bubbles in the camel's stomach, which is where the camel stores water. The water in these "bottles" makes camels safe even if they don't drink water for several days.

Camels are ships in the desert. One hump can carry 450 kilograms, five times as much as the other. The total cargo transported by the two humps is 450÷5+450.

=90+450

=540 kg

Water is the source of life, and public transportation is the boat of the city.

The sentence about "camel boat in the desert"? Camels are very tall, with two humps on their backs, flat hooves and meat pads at the bottom. They are suitable for walking in the desert, have a high degree of hunger and thirst tolerance, have a keen sense of smell and can smell the water. They are the main animal power in desert areas, so they are called "ships in the desert". Camels look about 3 meters high and 4 meters long. Its neck is very long, and when it stretches upward, its mouth will be higher than the high barbed wire; Reach down and your mouth will touch the ground. Its four legs are very thin and long, supporting its bony body high, which looks really pitiful.

Camels are so tall, with golden hair and two humps, and their mouths seem to be eating.

The camel's neck is long and wide, slightly bent. Its head is like a sheep, its ears are short and round, and its upper lip is split like a rabbit.

In the depths of the desert, camels witnessed the growth of dead bones and buds of Populus euphratica, and witnessed that the glory of the past was nowhere to be found under the ravages of yellow sand. Tread in the land of ignorance and pursue every inch of bones and skin in the desert.

I went up to the camel and felt its soft fur. Not only is it not afraid of me, but it keeps looking at me with its big eyes. I liked it at once.

From a distance, I saw that the camel was covered with brown and slightly golden hair, and the most conspicuous ones were the two huge humps. These two humps are like two golden mountains. Because of these two humps, the camel looks stronger.

The little camel is cute, with furry hair, furry tail and a small bell hanging around its neck.

Camel's hair is long and brown, and its tail is dark brown, like an elephant's tail.

Camels can live in deserts or hot and dry places. They can go without food or water for several days. Because there is water in its two high humps, it can be like this.

It has brown and yellow fur, two high humps like two small rockeries, a big mouth, two big nostrils like two dark caves, and a pair of modest eyes. And a short tail. This is a camel.

Camels often eat and drink enough in places rich in aquatic plants, and convert some nutrients into fat and store them in the hump; When food is scarce, it uses the nutrition in the hump to maintain life.

Camels are mammals. Camels are very tall, about two meters above, with humps on their backs. Its neck is very long, which enables it to see far. Most of the camel's fur is brown. Although its body is very tall, its tail is not too long.

This is a beautiful camel. It has charming big eyes and a big nose, which is exactly what all excellent camels should have.

Camels from other peaks slowly move forward in the lonely smoke of the desert, sailing in the sea like boats, braving the wind and waves. Camels have double eyelashes. When the wind blows into Shi 'an, the double eyelashes are like guards, blocking the sand from blowing into the eyes.