Photographic equipment for architectural photography

Translation is the geometric displacement of the center of the lens image plane relative to the center of the film plane, and it is the most basic data reflecting the camera's viewing angle adjustment performance. For the same camera, the greater the translation, the better the camera's viewing angle adjustment performance. However, for cameras with different frames, it is impossible to compare their viewing angle adjustment performance with a single translation.

The greater the ratio of translation to film size, the better the viewing angle adjustment effect. For cameras with different film sizes, when judging their viewing angle adjustment performance, we should not only look at the translation amount of the camera, but also look at its proportion. Generally speaking, when the ratio of a camera with any frame reaches 0.46 (that is, adjusting the ratio when shooting horizontally with a Nicol PC28 lens), it should be able to meet the needs of architectural photography in various occasions. According to this value, the translation amount of the camera in different frames should be: (see table 15)

The position of the optical axis of the lens optical system of an ordinary camera and the central axis of the film picture is fixed, so the reference image field of the lens can be designed according to the diagonal size of the film picture. However, for the camera with angle adjustment, the reference image field of the lens must be much larger than the diagonal size of the film picture, otherwise the film picture will move out of the reference image field of the lens during the angle adjustment. Therefore, the lens of the viewing angle adjustment camera needs to have a larger imaging angle to cooperate with the viewing angle adjustment of the camera, which is very important for effectively playing the viewing angle adjustment function of the fuselage. Generally speaking, there must be a lens group matching the translation of the camera. 35mm camera and its viewing angle adjusting lens, if there is no deliberate requirement for film width, it should be a good choice for 35mm SLR camera to be equipped with viewing angle adjusting lens. It is not only small in size, light in weight, convenient to carry and simple to operate, but also generally has interchangeable and rich lens groups. Nikon, Canon, Leica and Minolta all produce viewing angle adjustment lenses, such as TS-E 17mm, 24mm, 45mm and 90mm for Canon cameras, 28mm for Leica R series cameras, 35mm for Minolta cameras and 24mm, 28mm, 35mm and 85mm for Nikon cameras.

Model 120 perspective adjustment camera This kind of camera refers to the camera that looks through the ground glass screen in the exposure window. It can adjust the viewing angle of the image, and the lens and the back of the film can be replaced. The attraction of the 120 viewing angle adjustment camera lies in that it has most of the basic functions of a loose-leaf camera and can easily replace the 120 film in the sun. At the same time, it is obviously superior to the loose-leaf camera in terms of price, volume, weight, operability and film post-production, so it is widely used in architectural photography. Knight VH-R 69, Arca-Swiss F69, Plaubel 69W proshift, Lin Hafu Super Technika23, Hasselblad FlexBody and ArcBody are all representative 120 angle adjustment cameras.

Loose-leaf camera Loose-leaf camera refers to those cameras that can shoot 4×5 inches, 5×7 inches and 8× 10 inches of film, of which 4×5 inches is the most widely used model. Although this camera is bulky, heavy, inconvenient to carry, complicated to operate, and uses scattered films every time, the large negative can obtain the effect of fine particles and real texture, and can control the depth of field and omni-directional perspective correction of the image by adjusting the tilt, translation and elevation of the lens plate and back, so it still occupies an unshakable position in architectural photography (especially commercial photography). Loose-leaf cameras are mainly divided into portable (folding) and monorail. Although the lifting and tilting of the lens plate of the former is not as big as that of the latter, it is light in weight, small in size and easy to carry. Lin Hafu Technika 45 and Knight 45FA are portable models, while Swiss Sinar, Dutch Cambo)45SF and Knight LX are monorail models. (Editor's Note: For large-scale camera photography, please refer to the topic "Large-scale Photography" in No.200 10)