In the story of the military education film "Tunnel Warfare", whose prototype was sacrificed?

In the history of Chinese films, there is a unique term "The Third War", which are "Tunnel Warfare", "Mine Warfare" and "Southern and Northern Warfare".

Among them, For most people, the most familiar thing is "Tunnel War". In addition to having more copies (3,700) and more viewers (more than 3 billion people), the film also has two classic interludes. , among which the theme song of the same name "Tunnel War" is simply a regular song in the annual chorus competition.

There are many stories surrounding "Tunnel Warfare", and I will tell them through the screenshots of the color-restored high-definition version.

1. The filming background of "Tunnel War"

Strictly speaking, "Tunnel War" is not a serious movie, because it is actually a military film Educational films, referred to as military education films, are mainly used for teaching. In 1963, due to changes in the world situation, the Bayi Film Studio received the task of filming the military education film "Tunnel Warfare".

Generally speaking, military education films are highly professional videos. For example, Ren Xudong, the famous military education film director of Bayi Factory, once filmed "Class Attack", "Platoon Attack" and "Company Attack" Waiting for the military education film. So why was "Tunnel War" finally made into a movie?

On the one hand, this has to do with director Ren Xudong. This veteran who joined the army in 1939 made my country's first military education film with a storyline in 1955, "Border Defense Company Guards". The problem of changing the monotony of military education films into lively and engaging ones. Although it caused some controversy, it finally won the film award of the year. From this, Bayi Film Studio began the history of producing military education films with storylines. .

On the other hand, it is also related to the difficulty in producing the script of "Tunnel Warfare". This military education film was co-produced by Bayi Factory and the Engineering Corps Art Troupe. Zhongguang wrote the script for more than two years and changed three people. It wasn't even written. A month before filming started, there was really no other way. The superiors granted Ren Xudong the "privilege" that he could film without a script. You didn't have a script when you were in the war.

In this way, Ren Xudong got more room for development. He was already good at making military education films with storylines, and he made "Tunnel Warfare" into a classic movie.

2. The prototype village of "Tunnel Warfare"

The more famous "tunnel war scenic spots" now are in Rancun, Hebei and Jiaozhuanghu, Beijing. In fact, the tunnels were on the Jizhong Plain back then. The total length reaches more than 10,000 kilometers, scattered in more than 8,000 villages in central Hebei Province. However, due to the passage of time, very few of the original tunnels have been preserved.

When Ren Xudong was collecting materials, he went not to Ran Village, but to Gaoping Village. There have been many battles in Gaoping Village, and it is a famous "Anti-Japanese Pioneer Village" in central Hebei Province. Therefore, Ren Xudong wrote the script of "Tunnel Warfare" based on Gaoping Village.

However, the tunnels in Gaoping Village have long since ceased to exist due to flooding, so they cannot be used as filming locations. However, the tunnels in Ran Village, Licun and Tang Village are still well preserved. In the end, the filming locations These three villages were chosen. This is probably another form of Gaojiazhuang, Zhaojiazhuang and Majiahezi.

At that time, the crew of "Tunnel Warfare" also wanted to dig another large pit at the original site and make a tunnel cross-section. However, they had to give up because the workload was too large. Most of the footage we see of tunneling and fighting inside tunnels was shot on a soundstage.

The cinematographer of the "Tunnel War" movie was Yang Guangyuan, a famous director of the Bayi Film Studio. He made full use of montage techniques to organically combine the interior and exterior scenes of the tunnel, giving the audience a highly immersive experience. The feeling of environment.

3. Gao Chuanbao’s prototype

The main actors in "Tunnel Warfare" mainly come from two parts, one part is the well-known actors from the Bayi Film Studio, such as Liu Jiang, Zhang Yongshou and others , and the other part came from the cooperative filming unit, the Engineering Corps Art Troupe. The male lead Zhu Longguang was still an unknown newcomer at the time.

The prototype of Gao Chuanbao is generally believed to be Liu Fool, the militia captain of Gaoping Village. He commanded the Gaoping villagers to defeat five raids by the Japanese and puppet troops in succession. In 1945, he had just repelled more than 2,000 Japanese and puppet troops. , he walked out of the tunnel to clean the battlefield, but was hit by a sudden artillery fire from the Japanese army and died unfortunately. The superior artillery fire of the Japanese army is also reflected in "Tunnel Warfare".

The prototype of Gao Chuanbao's father, Gao Laozhong, is generally believed to be the anti-Japanese martyr Zhang Senlin in Ranzhuang. He also led the militia to use tunnels to repel enemy attacks, and was unfortunately captured and died heroically.

4. Two famous villains

In "Tunnel War", Gao Chuanbao, Niu Wa, and Lin Xia's sister-in-law all performed very well, but Zhang Yongshou, who played the district party secretary Zhao Pingyuan, did not. It's so easy to recognize him. You have to know that he played Shao Jianbo back then, but this time he looks older with his beard.

Relatively speaking, the two villains in "Tunnel War" are also portrayed quite well. Although according to Teacher Liu Jiang, their villains are just to set off the positive characters, it is undeniable that " The two villains in "Tunnel Warfare" have their own characteristics.

Wang Xiaozhong, who plays Captain Yamada, was born in the Northeast. He has been exposed to all kinds of Japanese invaders since he was a child. He can also speak Japanese, so he has great experience in shaping Japanese officers. At that time, he was also considered a "japanese". "Professional officer".

Some people say that the main theme movies always make the villains look stupid. In fact, Captain Yamada played by Wang Xiaozhong in "Tunnel War" is not stupid at all, whether it is arranging a late-night sneak attack or doing a trick." "Besiege Wei and rescue Zhao", his style of play cannot be regarded as faulty.

The fireworks scene that Bayi Factory is particularly good at cost Wang Xiaozhong a lot. Two explosions exploded around him, which directly caused the symptoms of long-term deafness in his right ear. However, he Didn't delay any filming.

Liu Jiang, who plays Commander Tang, sacrificed his image for the character. He took the initiative to design a kind of 'buck teeth' for himself to highlight the disgusting character of Commander Tang. It must be said that the old artist did it for art. Really hard work.

These two villains with distinctive characteristics contributed some classic lines to "Tunnel Warfare", such as the famous "High, really high" and "Enter the village quietly, don't shoot anyone" etc.

In fact, Gao Chuanbao also contributed some classic lines such as "One shot to change the place" and "No empty guns allowed".

5. The classic episode of "Tunnel War"

As mentioned above, one of the factors that makes "Tunnel War" stand out among the "Old Three Wars" is the excellent episode .

The song "Keep the Chairman's Words in Mind" has a Hebei flavor, and the singer Deng Yuhua's voice is even more invincible. Before this, she also sang the more difficult "Love is Deep" in "The East Is Red" "Yi Chang", her voice is as clear as a lark, so few people can successfully imitate the "Tunnel War" episode she sang.

But the chorus "Tunnel War" is different. This song is very powerful and has a strong rhythm. It is especially suitable for chorus. Therefore, this song is included in the chorus competition of the author's school almost every year.

It is worth mentioning that the author of "Tunnel War" had been writing about Fu Gengchen. Later, around 2000, the director of "Tunnel War", Ren Xudong, successfully sued and the court recognized his *** With the same authorship, the subsequent authors of "Tunnel Warfare" also include Ren Xudong.

6. Is "Tunnel War" considered the originator of the anti-Japanese drama?

In recent years, some people on the Internet have often raised objections to "Lao San Zhan", especially "Tunnel War", and even called "Tunnel War" the "originator of the anti-Japanese drama" in a weird way. Some people think that "Tunnel Warfare" is too idealistic and does not exist in reality.

The author's point of view is that it is wrong to evaluate "Tunnel Warfare" in this way.

First of all, tunnel warfare is a special form of combat in the Jizhong Plain. It is based on the reality that there is no danger to defend in the Jizhong Plain. In fact, it can be regarded as a type of street warfare, which can effectively Offsetting the enemy's powerful firepower advantage is not unique to China. For example, the Japanese army used a large number of tunnels to resist in Iwo Jima and Matsuyama.

Secondly, "Tunnel Warfare" was born in the 1960s. Both the international and domestic situations are very different from now. We cannot judge the situation more than half a century ago from the current perspective. Whether works of art and aesthetics conform to modern perceptions is unscientific and unfair.

Finally, "Tunnel Warfare" is not only a movie, but also a military education film. Teaching and demonstration are its important tasks. Therefore, in addition to maintaining objectivity and truth, the filming of "Tunnel Warfare" must also To ensure victory, one cannot use a failed work as a teaching material.

In any case, "Tunnel War", a military-educational film, has been integrated into history both realistically and artistically. Now the film has been released in a color high-definition restored version for everyone to watch again. For a moment.