What is cardiac angiography?

Electrocardiogram is a common medical examination method. Cardiography is to inject contrast agent into some parts of the heart and great vessels through the cardiac catheter, so that the cardiac vessels can be developed and quickly photographed to show the pathological changes and circulatory functions of the anatomical structures of the heart and great vessels. Because angiocardiography can observe other diseases that are difficult to observe, such as the development of pulmonary artery, the location of great vessels, the direction of intracardiac shunt, and the patency of coronary artery. Therefore, most complex heart diseases need this kind of examination, and cardiac angiography is one of the important examination methods before cardiac surgery.

Electrocardiogram symptoms are often a precursor to the diagnosis of diseases. The same is true for heart disease, and the patient's feelings can also provide important clues for doctors. However, in real life, linking some unrelated symptoms with heart disease is

Cardiac radiography

This happens all the time. Many people think that palpitation is a heart disease. In fact, although there are palpitations, the heart is healthy and sound. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the symptoms of heart disease in order to attract people's attention and eliminate unnecessary doubts: it is a common symptom of various heart diseases. When heart disease leads to poor blood circulation, metabolic wastes (mainly lactic acid) will accumulate in tissues, stimulate nerve endings and make people feel tired. Fatigue can be light or heavy, and it doesn't matter if it is light.

Heavy ones will interfere with work. However, heart disease fatigue has no particularity, so it is difficult to distinguish pain from fatigue caused by other diseases: patients with myocarditis, pericarditis and arrhythmia may feel chest pain. The most common is angina pectoris. Angina pectoris often occurs suddenly because of fatigue, excitement and satiety. The pain is mostly in the middle of the chest, with a sense of oppression, burning or squeezing, and even a sense of suffocation close to death. Some can be scattered on the left shoulder, back and inside the left upper arm. The pain lasts for a short time, disappears in 3-5 minutes, and the longest is no more than 20 minutes.

Shortness of breath: Shortness of breath is a common symptom of heart disease. The most obvious features are fatigue, shortness of breath and paroxysmal dyspnea at night. Short labor means shortness of breath is related to activities. Heart patients often say that I get flustered and breathless when I go to the second floor, and I can't stand it; Paroxysmal dyspnea at night refers to uneven sleep at night, sometimes waking up from a dream and sitting up for a while to relieve it. Palpitation: Patients often feel palpitations, especially after activities. However, palpitations can also occur when there are other diseases or no diseases, so palpitations are of little significance to the diagnosis of heart disease. First of all, we should understand what the symptoms of heart attack are: chest compression pain may radiate to the neck and jaw of both arms; Irregular heartbeat and difficulty breathing; Anxiety and fear; Dizziness; Nausea and vomiting; Sweating; Pale or cyanotic nail bed; Pale and blue skin and unconsciousness keep the patient calm, comfortable and untie his neck.

Clothes with a tight chest and waist. If the patient loses consciousness, cardiac angiography should make him in the recovery position (support the patient's head and make it in the abdominal position, bend the upper arm and knee joint close to your side, and make his head lean back slightly to ensure the airway is unobstructed). Keep the patient warm and cover his body with blankets or clothes if necessary. Put a cold wet towel on his forehead.

pay attention to

Don't shake the patient or throw ice water on him to try to wake him up. Don't let him eat or drink the heart with abnormal local anatomical structure during human embryonic development (within 2-3 months of pregnancy), or the heart that should be automatically closed after birth (normal in the fetus). Electrocardiogram is called congenital heart disease. Except for a few small ventricular septal defects that have a chance of self-healing before the age of 5, most of them need surgical treatment. Cardiac angiography showed cardiac insufficiency, cyanosis and dysplasia.

kind

Heart failure: Newborn heart failure is regarded as an emergency, usually because children have serious heart defects.

Its clinical manifestations are congestion of pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation, and decrease of cardiac output. The child is pale, has difficulty breathing and has a tachycardia. His heart rate can reach 160-190 beats per minute, and his blood pressure is often low. You can hear the rhythm of running horses. The liver is large, but peripheral edema is rare.

Cyanosis: it is caused by right-to-left shunt, which makes the arteriovenous blood mix.

It is most obvious at the tip of nose, lips and nail bed.

Squat: Children with cyanotic congenital heart disease, especially children with tetralogy of Fallot, often show signs of squat after exercise, which can increase systemic vascular resistance, reduce right-to-left shunt caused by cardiac septal defect, and increase venous blood reflux to the right heart, thus improving pulmonary blood flow.

Clubbing fingers and polycythemia: cyanotic congenital heart disease is almost always accompanied by clubbing fingers and polycythemia. The mechanism of clubbed finger (toe) is not clear, but polycythemia is a physiological response of the body to arterial hypoxemia. [ 1]