Ask some questions on the layer panel in PHOTOSHOP, heroes.

Detailed explanation of Photoshop layer mixing mode

1. Natural oscillation

In Normal mode, the display of "mixed color" is related to the setting of opacity. When the "opacity" is 100%, that is, it is completely opaque, the pixels of the "result color" will be completely replaced by the used "mixed color"; When the opacity is less than 100%, the mixed pixels will be displayed by the color used, and the degree of display depends on the opacity setting and the color of the base color, as shown in Figure 5, which is the effect after the opacity is set to 90%. If you are working with a bitmap color mode image or a indexed color color mode image, the Normal mode will be renamed to the Threshold mode, but the function will be the same.

2. Dissolution mode

In "Dissolve" mode, it is mainly to make each pixel become "result color" when editing or drawing. However, according to the opacity of any pixel position, the "result color" is randomly replaced by "primary color" or "mixed color" pixels. Therefore, the "Dissolve" mode is best used with some coloring tools in Photoshop, such as "brush", "imitation stamp" and "eraser", and words are also acceptable. When the "mixed color" has no feathering edge and a certain transparency, the "mixed color" will dissolve into the "base color". If the mixed color has no feathering edge and the opacity is 100%, the dissolution mode is invalid. As shown in figure 6, the opacity of the mixed color is set to 90%, and there is not much difference between the mixed color and the result color, except that the edge changes a little. If "mixed colors" created by the Brush tool or text alternate with "primary colors", you can create an effect similar to diffusion jitter. If the opacity of the path is less than or equal to 50%, and then use the Stroke Path command, Dissolve mode will create a splash effect around the edge of the image, as shown in Figure 8. You can also simulate the edge of shredded paper. If you use the eraser tool, you can create a new layer on the image and fill it with white as a "mixed color". Then, in the "dissolution" mode, use the "eraser" tool to erase, and you can create the effect that the middle of the frosted glass is erased in winter.

3. Dimming mode

In dimming mode, check the color information in each channel and select the darker color in the primary color or mixed color as the result color. Pixels brighter than the "mixed color" are replaced, and pixels darker than the "mixed color" remain unchanged. The Dimming mode will cause colors brighter than the background color to be removed from the Result Color. As shown in figure 10, the white tree hanging is removed from the "result color" and the white waterfall is replaced by the color of the darker sky. If the figure 1 1 shows the cover of the Wrox reference manual series. This cover is made by setting the "mixed color" to red, then replacing the white part and white background in the "hand" with the "darkening" mode and replacing it with red.

4. Multiplication mode of positive film

In the positive overlay mode, check the color information of each channel and compound the "base color" and "mixed color". The Result Color is always a darker color. Any color combines with black to produce black. Any combination of color and white remains the same. When painting with colors other than black or white, the continuous strokes drawn by painting tools will produce gradually darkening transition colors. In fact, the positive superposition mode is to subtract the brightness value of the mixed color from the basic color to get the final result color. If you use a lighter color in the positive overlay mode, it has no effect on the "result color" of the image. You can use the "positive overlay" mode to create a slide effect in which light penetrates the layer. In fact, it is to multiply the values of "base color" and "mixed color" and then divide them by 255 to get the color value of "result color". For example, the result color of red and yellow is orange, that of red and green is brown, and that of red and blue is purple.

5. Color combustion mode

In the "color deepening" mode, check the color information in each channel, and deepen the primary colors by increasing the contrast to reflect the mixed colors. If mixed with white, it won't change. As shown in figure 14, the effect created by "color deepening" mode is similar to that created by "positive superposition" mode, except that the brighter areas on the background disappear and the image areas show sharp edges.

6. Linear combustion mode

In "Linear Deepening" mode, check the color information in each channel, and deepen the "base color" by lowering the brightness to reflect the mixed color. If the white color on the "mixed color" and "primary color" does not change after mixing,

7. Brightening mode

In the brightness enhancement mode, check the color information of each channel and select the brighter color in the primary color or mixed color as the result color. Pixels darker than the "mixed color" are replaced, and pixels brighter than the "mixed color" remain unchanged. In this mode, contrary to the "darkening" mode, the brighter color areas dominate the final "composite color". Dark areas will not appear in the final "composite color", as shown in figure 16.

8. Screen mode

The "color filter" mode is just the opposite of the "positive overlay" mode, which combines the "primary color" and "mixed color" of the image to produce a third color that is brighter than the two colors, as shown in figure 17. In fact, it is to combine the complementary color of "mixed color" with "primary color". The Result Color is always the brighter color. When filtered in black, the color remains the same. Filtering with white will produce white. Whether you use the color tool in color filtering mode or specify a layer for color filtering mode, the merged "result color" is always the same composite color or a lighter color. This effect is similar to the projection of multiple photo slides. This color filtering mode is very useful for creating a neon glow effect in an image. If you draw a layer with white or any light color around the edge of the background object, and then specify the Color Filter mode of the layer, you can get a complete or sparse lighting effect by adjusting the Opacity setting of the layer.

9. Color Fading Mode

In the color fade mode, check the color information in each channel, and fade the primary colors to reflect the mixed colors by reducing the contrast. When mixed with black, it does not change. As shown in figure 18, the Fade mode is similar to the Color Filter mode, except that the edge area of the layer is clearer in this mode, and the strokes are also colored in this mode. In addition, every time the color shading mode is defined as a pixel that mixes "mixed color" and "primary color", the dark area on the "primary color" disappears.

10. Linear Fading Mode

In "Linear Fading" mode, check the color information in each channel, and brighten the base color to reflect the mixed color by increasing the brightness, as shown in figure 19. But don't mix it with black, it won't change.

1 1. coverage mode

Overlay mode mixes the primary colors and mixed colors of an image to produce an intermediate color. The colors in the "base color" that are darker than the "mixed color" are twice as much as the "mixed color", and the colors that are brighter than the "mixed color" will cover the "mixed color", while the highlights and shadows in the image remain unchanged, so the "overlay" mode does not work when coloring black or white pixels. The "overlay" mode mixes the colors placed or applied on the layer with the background colors in an artistic and logical way, however, it can obtain interesting results. Pure black or pure white areas in the background image cannot display "superimposed" color or image areas on the layer in "Overlay" mode. Brightness values between black and white on the background area are mixed with the color of the "overlay" material to produce the final composite color. So that the background image looks like it was taken with the design or text. As shown in Figure 2 1, both the grid and the five-pointed star in Figure 22 are dissolved into the background by using the "overlay" mode. You can download PSD files for your own reference. I don't think it is necessary to introduce the specific production steps of bars, squares and pentagrams.

12. Soft light mode

"Soft light" mode will produce soft light irradiation effect. If the color of the "mixed color" is brighter than the pixels of the "base color", then the "result color" will be brighter; If the process color is darker than the pixels of the base color, the result color will be darker, which will increase the brightness contrast of the image. For example, if the background image is painted with 50% black, which is a gradient from black to white, the darker areas in the gradient will become darker, while the brighter areas will appear brighter when colored. Actually brighten or darken the color, depending on the "mixed color". This effect is similar to a divergent spotlight shining on an image. If the "mixed color" is brighter than 50% gray, the image will become brighter as if it were brighter. If the "mixed color" is darker than 50% gray, the image will become darker as if it were deepened. Painting with pure black or pure white will produce obviously darker or brighter areas, but it will not produce pure black or pure white.

13. Strong light mode

"Strong light" mode will produce a strong light effect. If the pixels of the "process color" and "base color" are brighter, the "result color" will be brighter; If the pixels of the process color are darker than the base color, the result color will be darker. This mode is essentially the same as the "soft light" mode, except that the background color is multiple, or it is blocked according to the color in the background. Its effect is stronger than "soft light" mode. Like "overlay", this model can also simulate the patterns or characters on the surface of background objects. For example, if the mixed color is brighter than 50% gray, the image will be brighter, just like the filtered effect. This is very useful for adding highlights to images. If the mixed color is darker than 50% gray, the image will become darker, just like the composite effect. This is very useful for adding dark tones to images. Painting with pure black or white will produce pure black or white.

14. Bright mode

Deepen or darken the color by increasing or decreasing the contrast according to the mixed color. If the mixed color (light source) is brighter than 50% gray, the image is lightened by lowering the contrast. If the mixed color is darker than 50% gray, darken the image by increasing the contrast.

15. Linear optical mode

According to the mixed color, the color is deepened or lightened by decreasing or increasing the brightness. If the mixed color (light source) is brighter than 50% gray, the image is brightened by increasing the brightness. If the mixed color is darker than 50% gray, the image is darkened by lowering the brightness.

16. Pin lighting mode

"Spotlight" mode is actually an alternative color, which depends on "mixed color". If the mixed color is brighter than 50% gray, the pixels darker than the mixed color will be replaced without changing the pixels brighter than the mixed color. If the mixed color is darker than 50% gray, the pixels brighter than the mixed color will be replaced without changing the pixels darker than the mixed color. This is very useful for adding special effects to images.

17. Differential mode

In differential mode, check the color information in each channel. In the difference mode, the brightness value of the mixed color will be subtracted from the brightness value of the primary color in the image. If the result is negative, take a positive value to produce the opposite effect. Because the brightness value of black is 0 and the brightness value of white is 255, coloring with black will have no effect, while coloring with white will cause the inversion of the original pixel color. Difference mode creates a color that is opposite to the background color. For example, in the difference mode, when blue is applied to a green background, a cyan-green combined color will be produced. The "Difference" mode is suitable for simulating the negative of the original design, especially for generating excellent effects in images where the background color changes from one area to another.

18. Exclusion mode

Exclusion mode is similar to differential mode, but it has the characteristics of high contrast and low saturation. Compared with the "poor" mode, the color is softer and brighter. It is recommended that you first select the "Differential" mode when processing images. If the effect is not satisfactory, you can choose the "exclusion" mode to try. Among them, mixing with white will reverse the "base color" value, but mixing with black will not change. In fact, whether it is "difference" mode or "exclusion" mode, people or natural scenery images can produce more realistic or attractive image synthesis.

19. Tone mode

Hue mode only uses the hue value of the "mixed color" color for coloring, while keeping the saturation and brightness values unchanged. When the hue values of "base color" and "mixed color" are different, you can use drawing color for coloring, as shown in Figure 30. However, it should be noted that "Tone" mode cannot be used for images in gray mode.

20. Saturation mode

Saturation mode works in a similar way to hue mode. It only uses the saturation value of the mixed color for coloring, while keeping the hue value and lightness value unchanged. When the saturation values of "base color" and "mixed color" are different, you can use drawing color for coloring, as shown in Figure 3 1. Using "saturated" mode in unsaturated areas (that is, gray areas) will not produce any effect.

2 1. color mode

Color mode can use the saturation value and hue value of the mixed color to color at the same time, while keeping the brightness value of the base color unchanged. "Color" mode can be regarded as the comprehensive effect of "saturation" mode and "hue" mode. This mode can make the shadows or outlines of gray-scale images be displayed in color, resulting in a certain colorization effect. This can preserve the gray level in the image, which is very useful for coloring monochrome images and color images.

22. Photometric mode

Brightness mode can use the brightness value of the mixed color for coloring, while keeping the saturation and hue value of the base color unchanged. In fact, it is to create "result color" with hue, saturation and lightness of mixed color in "primary color". The effect produced by this mode is opposite to that produced by the "color" mode, and the introduction of this layer blending mode is over. In fact, the layer blending mode is not limited to these, and you need to operate more on the computer later to have a real understanding of the layer blending mode.