Ask Xu Wei's most famous poems and paintings =w= What did he and Yuan Chonghuan do? Explain in detail. Thank you

Xu Wei, a long character, was born in Tianchi, an old man with ivy vine, a Taoist priest with ivy vine, a native of Tianchi Mountain, a fisherman from Tianchi, a native of Golden Base, a native of Jin Hui Mountain, a native of Buyi people in Yin Shan, a native of Bai Gui Mountain, A 'ebi, Tian Danshui and Tian Shuiyue. China was a writer, painter and strategist in Ming Dynasty, and was born in Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).

Zheng De 16 was born in Dayunfang, Yinshan, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province. Father Xu Wei and mother are maids and concubines. When I was a teenager, I was talented and went to Xu private school to study. "I started teaching" University "at the age of six, reciting more than a thousand words a day." When a book is taught hundreds of words, it no longer attracts attention, and the teacher will listen. "At the age of ten, he imitated Yang Xiong's" the legendary swordsman "and wrote an article" Interpretation of Destruction ",which was bold and unrestrained." Between your fingers, you can say anything. "Become a trainee at the age of twenty. Jiajing married Pan Zhinv in the same county for 20 years and failed the last eight exams. " If you try again, you will be rejected by time. "In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, a library was set up in the east of Yanshan City. Together with Xiao Mian, Michael Chen, Zhu, Qian Bian, Liu Lin, Zhu and Lu Guangsheng, they are called "ten children who have passed middle school".

Later, he served as an aide to the Governor of Zhejiang and Fujian, and once entered the Hu Zongxian shogunate. All the tricks were out of his hand, and Xu Hai and other enemies were unexpectedly broken.

One day, Hu Zongxian captured the white deer in Zhoushan, and Xu Wei wrote down "Enter the White Deer Original Table", "Re-enter the White Deer Original Table" and "Re-enter the White Deer Original Table" and presented them to North Korea as auspicious things. "Pay attention to the words in the world. Beautiful words are pointed out with imperial pens. Don't let the little prince remember them as a book." Bachelor Dong Fen and others praised Xu Wei's article. He also wrote Gong Shouchen Kai, touting the traitor Yan Song.

Forty years after Jiajing, Xu Wei was promoted at the age of forty.

In the 43rd year of Jiajing, Hu Zongxian was arrested and committed suicide in prison because of "Party talk about Song and ten deadly sins of rape, deceit, greed and adultery", and Xu Wei wrote Ten White Odes to mourn. Li Chunfang investigated the Hu Zongxian case, and Xu Wei was so angry that he wrote "an epitaph for himself" and committed suicide three times. "This huge cone is very rough and several inches deep; The renal capsule was broken with the vertebra, and no one died. " In the forty-five years of Jiajing, he killed his wife Zhang and was imprisoned for seven years. In prison, I finished the annotation of Zhouyi Shentongqi and tried to figure out the art of calligraphy and painting.

In the first year of Wanli, he was pardoned and rescued from prison by the top scholar Bian. Since then, I have been down and out, hated dignitaries, wandered around Jinling, Xuanliao and Beijing, and passed Juyongguan to Xuanhua House and other places beyond the Great Wall. In the home of Liaodong company commander Li, he taught his sons Li and Li's art of war. Meet Mrs. Anda, the Mongolian leader, at the Great Wall. Wanli returned to Shaoxing in five years, commenting on Guo Pu's "Burial Book". In his later years, he made a living by selling paintings, but he never painted for the ruling bureaucrats. "There were thousands of books, but they were all sold out. It is no longer easy to break the disadvantage. It is time to borrow a manuscript. " .

He thinks that he is "book first, poem second, writing third and painting fourth". His cursive script is quite famous, and it is a cynical vent. Known as "the cursive script of the Ming Dynasty, it began with the birth of Tianchi." His poems won the title of "Li Zhiqi, Su Shi's Debate". His works handed down from generation to generation include Complete Works, Four Sounds of Apes, Song of the Xiao Dynasty, etc. In the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing, he wrote a theoretical work "The Narration of Southern Opera" which summarized the art of Southern Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties. In addition, there is a saying in academic circles that Xu Wei is the author of Mr. Jin Ping Mei Lan Ling Xiao.

Xu Wei's paintings are novel and peculiar, breaking the boundaries between flower-and-bird paintings, landscape paintings and figure paintings. The freehand brushwork of flower-and-bird painting is bold and unrestrained, and it is a sign of the maturity of freehand brushwork. Together with Chen Chun, they are also called "Ivy" and "Poplar". Xu Wei pointed out in Xie Yuanming's Volume Zhengge Gongdan: ... Painting is sick, not in the lightness and weight of ink, but in the vividness and unreality. "He had a great influence on Badashanren and Yangzhou Baguai in Qing Dynasty. For example, Zheng Xie calls himself "a running dog under the Ivy League". Qi Baishi, a modern painter, once said: "The painting of the green vine and snow can be horizontal or vertical, which I am extremely convinced. I hate that I didn't live to be 200 years old, grinding ink and sorting paper for you. No, it's right outside the door. If you are hungry and don't go, something will happen. " Wu Changshuo said: "The sage in the painting of the green vine is better than Lu Gong in calligraphy."

Wu Dui was a scholar in the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing, and was awarded an official position and a military post. Later, he was promoted to doctor, Huguang and Jizhou. In five years, Qin Long was promoted to an imperial envoy and governor of Fu Xuan. Just thirteen years ago, Wu Dui was a scholar in the self-taught examination, which was unprecedented in the Ming Dynasty. The reason is that Wu Dui, after having obtained the provincial examination, is a proud pupil of Gao Gong. After Qin Long acceded to the throne, Gao Gong refused to go home because of the power struggle with Xu Jue. Wu Dui sent him to Liuhe alone. Three years later, Gao Gong was appointed as the official department and the official department, and was promoted to Wudui.

At that time, Mongolian Andan Khan had just joined the party, and his Kunduz Department and Xin Ai Department were still waiting to see. Wu Dui is wise and prudent, and he is bold and prudent. He took advantage of the fact that Andan Khan was out hunting and broke into his camp with five riders. In the name of his teacher, he found out the horses of the border people taken away by his department, and then threatened to close the mutual market and forced Andan Khan and his men to return them. At the same time, he used gifts to make friends with Anshan Khan's favorite concubine Sannianzi, thus controlling Anshan Khan's department. In the second year of Wanli, he was promoted to assistant minister of the Ministry of Military Affairs. In the fifth year of Wanli, Anda Khan made an expedition to Waci and deposited his belongings in Wudui. Wu Dui leaked information to Waci, making Anda Khan defeated Qinghai and unable to return. Since then, with the help of the imperial court, Wu Dui made Anda Khan return to the East, and Anda Khan became more dependent on the imperial court. In the seventh year of Wanli, Wu Dui was recalled to the Ministry of Auxiliary War. Two years later, I was appointed as the official governor, the governor of Jiliao, Baoding military affairs and Shuntian. As soon as Haibei attacked, Wu Dui was ready, ordered the company commander Li to kill him, and the rest fled. Wu Dui still served as the right post of the Minister of War, and soon he was promoted to be the Prince of Shaobao, and then worshipped as the Minister of War. Later, due to the impeachment of Wu Dui and Zhang, he made friends with eunuchs and died a few years later.

Sun Wu of the Fifth Team was attacked by a door and assisted in the trial of a criminal case in which the Royal Guards were in charge of eunuchs, but he was dismissed for violating Xu. After Emperor Chongzhen acceded to the throne, he was restored to his original post, and later he was promoted to the position of Governor Tongzhi and Commander, in charge of the Royal Guards. He is insatiable for official positions, but because he is a member of Lindong Party, he has gained a good reputation. Wu Bangfu, the great-grandson of Wu and Wu Dui, inherited his father's footsteps and worked in the punishment department of Beiyang Navy. At the end of Chongzhen, Jiang Zou, deputy director of the People's Bank of China, Xiong Kaiyuan, was imprisoned for saying something. Emperor Chongzhen tried to kill them, and Wu Bangfu tried his best to save them from death.

Li Cheng, Liang Yingyi and Xiao Jian are all great generals. Because of his poor family, he was attacked by a student at the age of 40. At the beginning, he was a dangerous general. Because of his meritorious service, he joined the deputy commander in the first year of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty and stayed in Liaoyang together. In four years, Zhuo was the governor of Liaodong and stationed in Guangning. From the late Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty to Qin Long period, Tatars invaded Liaodong many times. In ten years, three generals of the Ming Dynasty died one after another. It was the autumn when the frontier was ready to be idle. As soon as Cheng Liang took office, he recruited athletes from all directions to fight against the intrusion of Mongolian and Jurchen ministries, so the military began to shake. At the beginning of Wanli, Aric and Ziya Taibu, the leaders of Jurchen in Jianzhou, were destroyed, and were defeated several times by Tuman, the head of Han Department, and Taining Department. Plan to assassinate Bian and Yang, leaders of Yehe Department in Haixi. Li is very talented. Throughout the Ming Dynasty, officials were greedy and lazy, guarding Liaodong for 30 years, and successively won the "Top Ten Victory", which was unprecedented in 200 years. The Ming court showed merit. In the eighth year of Wanli, Guangning City built a stone workshop, and its grade was improved several times. But he is rich and extravagant; Military pay, horse price, saltworks and market rewards were arbitrarily embezzled; All the interests of Liao Dynasty merchants were locked in themselves. Not only bribed officials, but also falsely reported the meritorious military service, killed good people and was disintegrated by officials. Wanli dismissed from office in nineteen years. 10, Liaodong border is ready to relax. In 29 years, Li was reinstated at the age of 76. Later, he reopened the horse market and the wood market, which eased the ethnic contradictions in the northeast. In thirty-four years, Li mistakenly planned to build six castles, including Kuandian, which have grown to more than 64,000. He gave up on the grounds that it was difficult to keep the land alone, and moved more than 60,000 people to the mainland to force the villagers with the army. Although condemned by the theory at that time, Liaodong once again experienced a stable situation. He died in the forty-third year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty at the age of ninety and was buried at the northern foot of Yangshan Mountain.

Xu Wenchang usually gives people the impression that he spends his birthday by talent, but he is also a person who cares about social politics and is full of patriotic enthusiasm. During Jiajing period, the southeast coast was frequently invaded by Japanese pirates. Due to the slack of military equipment and incompetence of officials, people's lives and property were greatly lost. On the one hand, Xu Wenchang sharply criticized this with his poems; on the other hand, he devoted himself enthusiastically to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Although he didn't have a job, he put on his short coat several times, ventured to the front with the troops to observe the war situation, then recorded the course of the war, analyzed the reasons for success or failure, and put forward the general plan to break the enemy to the relevant officials. Most of these articles are very practical, which is different from the comments of ordinary scholars.

In the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing, Xu Wenchang was recruited by Hu Zongxian, who was appointed as the military governor of southeast China, and entered the shogunate to take charge of documents. This is the most proud period of Xu Wenchang's life. At the beginning of the curtain, Hu Zongxian wrote "Into the White Deer Original Table", which was appreciated by the emperor. Since then, Hu Zongxian has been more dependent on him and more tolerant of his laissez-faire personality. Xu Wenchang Biography by Tao Wangling records that Xu Wenchang often drinks with friends in the market. The Governor's Office was in a hurry to find him, so he left the door open late at night. Hu Zongxian was told that Xu Xiucai was drunk and shouted loudly, but Hu Zongxian praised him instead. At that time, Hu Zongxian's weight was very dignified, and all the officials were afraid to look up when they saw him. But Xu Wenchang, wearing a shabby black headscarf and a white cloth, broke in and talked about what was going on in the world. In the Governor's Office, it is difficult to find out what Xu Wenchang has done for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. However, as Xu Wenchang, with his curious personality and his passion for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it can be concluded that Xu Wenchang participated in many important projects. We can really see some pertinent opinions in his reserved articles such as "Letter to the Governor's Office"-although his skill of managing troops is a bit harsh.

Of course, the shogunate also has many unpleasant things. For various reasons, Hu Zongxian kept close contact with the powerful minister Yan Song, while Xu Wenchang hated Yan Song, and Shen Lian, his closest friend, was killed because he participated in Yan Song's lettering. However, Xu Wenchang had to write something flattering Yan Song for Hu Zongxian, which was really a tragedy of a scholar.

In the forty-first year of Jiajing, Yan Song was dismissed, and Xu Jie became the cabinet records. At the instigation of Xu Jie, Hu Zongxian participated illegally and was arrested in Beijing the following year. Xu Wenchang also left the government building. In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing, Hu Zongxian was arrested again and died in prison, and several of his former aides were also implicated. Xu Wenchang is a bit extreme by nature. He failed the exam year after year, and he was very unhappy mentally. At this time, he was deeply saddened by Hu Zongxian's framed death, and he was more worried about his persecution, so he was completely disappointed with his life and even went crazy. He wrote an angry epitaph for himself, then pulled out the nail on the pilaster and smashed it into his ear, bleeding like a spring, and it took several months to heal. Later, I hit the renal capsule with my spine and didn't die. Repeated attacks like this, repeated suicide nine times. In the forty-fifth year of Jiajing, he was jailed for killing his wife Zhang because he suspected that she was unfaithful.

Being in prison for the first time in life is naturally painful. Xu Wenchang was in chains and covered with lice. In winter, snow piled up on his bed, and he was shivering with cold. Even the food sent by his friend was taken away. Later, many of his friends moved around to save him and improved his treatment. Among them, the most powerful helpers were Zhu Dahao, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, and then Zhang Yuanluan, editor of Hanlin (the great-grandfather of Zhang Dai, an essayist in the late Ming Dynasty). They are all close friends of Xu Wenchang, and they are all top scholars with high reputation. With the help of these friends, Xu Wenchang spent seven years in prison and was finally released when Emperor Wanli ascended the throne. This happened in 1573, and Xu Wenchang was 53 years old.

After so many hardships, Xu Wenchang no longer has any political ambitions, but his concern for state affairs has a long history. After he was released from prison, he first traveled to Jiangsu and Zhejiang, climbed mountains near the water and made many friends in poetry and painting. In the summer of Wanli four years, Xu Wenchang's friend in his youth, Wu Dui, who had been the secretariat of Xuanhua and shouldered the heavy responsibility of northern frontier defense, invited him to go north, and he gladly went. Xu Wenchang served in Xuanhua Shogunate for less than a year, but he left many poems describing the scenery, folk customs and military life in the north. In the preface of Many Officials, he likes to talk about political affairs, especially the border defense strategy. At that time, Zhang presided over the court affairs and adopted a policy of appeasement to Mongolia, which was well appreciated. He was respected in the Fifth Team, but in poor health, so he had to go back to his hometown by way of Beijing the following spring.

At the age of 60, Xu Wenchang went to Beijing at the invitation of Zhang Yuan Tuan, but their relationship quickly deteriorated. According to Zhang Dai's description, Zhang Yuan Tuan is a person who strictly abides by ethics, while Xu Wenchang is a person who indulges in nature and is unwilling to be bound by traditional ethics. Zhang Yuan Tuan often used feudal ethics to restrict Xu Wenchang, which made Xu Wenchang very angry. He once said to the Zhang Yuan delegation: I killed someone when I died, but I got a knife in the neck. Now you have to chop me into pieces! Due to his bad relationship with old friends and unequal treatment with bureaucrats, Xu Wenchang suffered from a relapse of depression, which made it easy for him to return to his hometown after living in Beijing for three years. Since then, Xu Wenchang has never left Yin Shan.

In his later years in the countryside, Xu Wenchang became more and more disgusted with the rich and polite people. Most of his friends were former friends and disciples who followed him. It is said that someone came to visit, but Xu Wenchang didn't want to see him, so he pushed Chai Men away and shouted, "Xu Wei is not here!" He has been dead all his life, and his money is easy to disperse. At this time, he had to make a living by selling calligraphy and painting. But with a little money, I refused to do it again. Is a group of younger generation students and friends, who often cheat or rob to get his masterpieces. Xu Wenchang seems to like crabs very much, and many poems on paintings record how friends exchanged live crabs for his paintings. In the last few years, Xu Wenchang suffered from various diseases, so he could not paint often, and his life was even poorer. Xu Wenchang's Collected Works contains poems such as Selling Minks, Selling Piano, Selling Paintings and Selling Books, which shows the bleak future of this great writer and artist. 1593, Xu Wenchang died at the age of 73.