Common faults and maintenance of regional automatic weather station Maintenance of Wuxi regional automatic weather station

Ningdu County began to establish regional automatic weather stations in 2003 and started monorail operation in 2005. Up to now, 23 sets have been built, all of which are CAWS600 series automatic stations produced by Beijing Huachuang Sheng Da. Since CAWS600 series automatic weather stations have been put into operation, some faults often occur, which directly affect the quality of atmospheric detection in our county, and even affect the disaster prevention and mitigation work in flood season. Therefore, the judgment and maintenance of common faults in these automatic weather stations are the knowledge that business personnel must master.

Regional automatic weather station; Common faults; Fault analysis; solution

introduce

The establishment of regional automatic weather stations provides valuable information for meteorological information service. Because of its small size, low cost and convenient installation, the regional automatic weather station has been widely popularized in our county. The high-density distribution of regional automatic weather stations can timely, objectively and accurately reflect the basic meteorological elements of the county, make up for the lack of representativeness of a single observation station in the past, and play a huge role in meteorological services. However, while a large number of regional automatic weather stations are installed, the failure rate is also increasing year by year. With the establishment of automatic rainfall stations and multi-factor regional weather stations, follow-up management, maintenance and troubleshooting have become hot issues. The regional automatic weather station is mainly composed of power supply, collector, sensor and data communication equipment. Analysis and solutions of common faults in regional stations are as follows.

1 Common fault analysis and solutions

1. 1 partial power failure.

Common faults: unable to boot, power light and signal light are unresponsive.

Fault analysis: the power status light of the collector is not on, indicating that the power supply of the instrument is not normal. Therefore, the failure should be investigated step by step from the solar panel, power cord, battery and power motherboard.

Solution: Replace the battery and restart the machine.

If the battery cannot be turned on after replacement, check whether the DY-07 power board is loose or damaged.

Solution: Fasten or replace DY-07 power board and restart.

If the machine still cannot be turned on after the above steps, check whether J5 and J6 connectors of DY-07 power board are burnt out.

Solution: Re-weld the acquisition board, plug in DY-07 and restart the machine.

1.2 local fault of collector

Common faults: the status light and sampling light are normal after startup, the sending light does not flash, and the server does not receive its observation information.

Solution: The data transmission of CAWS600 series automatic weather stations adopts GPRS/SMS intelligent complementary mode, with the help of China Mobile's satellite remote transmission center station, so when the sending light does not flash, you should first call to check whether the SIM card is in arrears, if there is no arrears. Dial the SIM card of the rainfall station with your mobile phone. (If the card has no voice function, you can send a text message to test it. If the GPRS signal is abnormal, you should contact the operator to solve it. If the GPRS signal is normal, the automatic station still can't find the network. It may be that the communication part of the acquisition board is out of order and the communication module can't be locked normally. Check whether the contact of SIM socket is bad, check whether the 40-pin cable connection socket is welded, and if it is welded, weld it again.

1.3 partial sensor failure

Common fault 1: abnormal data of rainfall elements.

Cause analysis of failure: the failure should be investigated from two aspects: water reservoir and reed switch.

Solution: clear the sundries in the rain bucket and clean the funnel.

If there is no jam, it is because the reed switch does not send a signal. The rainfall counting of CAWS600 series automatic weather station is realized by calculating the suction force of reed switch in rain bucket. Reed switch is a special magnetic sensitive switch. It consists of two reed contacts, which are made of magnetic and conductive materials and encapsulated in a vacuum glass tube. The ends of parallel packaged reeds in the inner tube of the glass tube overlap with each other and leave a certain gap or contact to form the normally open contact of the switch. When the rainfall in the rainfall dump reaches 0. 1 ml, the dump will turn over once, and the permanent magnet installed in the middle of the dump will be close to the reed switch, and the contact of the reeds will induce the magnetic poles with opposite polarities. Because the magnetic poles attract each other with opposite polarities, when the attracted magnetic force exceeds the resistance of the reed, the separated contacts will be attracted; When the magnetic force decreases to a certain value, the contact is restored to the initial state under the action of reed resistance, and the counter completes one count. Therefore, if the reed switch is damaged, the rainfall counter will not work normally, resulting in zero rainfall all the time.

Solution: replace the reed switch (when replacing the reed switch, pay attention to the reed contact in the pipe to be placed horizontally up and down).

Common fault 2: With the construction of loudspeakers in towns and villages in our county, the temperature elements of automatic stations within the scope of loudspeakers are seriously low.

Cause analysis of failure: The broadcast frequency of rural horn is too strong, and the temperature sensors of automatic station are all interfered in its range, and the collected data are all distorted.

Solution: Install anti-interference equipment. If it is invalid, the automatic station should be moved out of its interference range.

1.4 partial failure of data communication equipment:

Communication module and motherboard rarely fail, but with the increase of equipment business operation time, this kind of failure has been on the rise. Preliminary analysis shows that this fault is related to power supply, equipment performance and mobile network.

2 conclusion

At present, it is impossible for each automatic weather station to be equipped with a set of backup equipment, and the continuity of automatic observation requires the instruments and equipment to be in good condition. Therefore, observers must carefully monitor the operation of weather stations every day and carefully register the monitoring situation. Maintenance personnel should strengthen the maintenance of automatic station equipment at ordinary times, at the same time, study maintenance knowledge hard and try their best to eliminate small faults, so as to ensure the normal operation of automatic stations and improve communication quality.

refer to

[1], Liu Hengde, Wu, et al. , CAWS600B automatic weather station common fault handling [J] Modern agricultural science and technology, 2007.

[2] Sophie; Xu Haijun; Zhang. Fault analysis of binary automatic weather station. Guizhou meteorology, 2005.

[3] Beijing Huachuang Shengda High-tech Development Center, CAWS600 Automatic Station Technology and Instruction Manual [Z] 2004

[4] Sheng Hui. Treatment of common faults in regional automatic weather stations. Zhejiang Meteorology, 2008