Zhu Dai's anecdotes

Zhu Dai, a talented doctor studying abroad, devoted his spare time to the beautiful landscape and history of Zhong Ling, Nanjing after he set foot on this land of Nanjing.

Zhu Dai's evaluation of Nanjing is profound and full of enthusiasm. After comparing the four ancient capitals of Chang 'an, Luoyang, Jinling and Beijing in China, he said: "These four major cities are rich in literature, handsome in people, beautiful in mountains and rivers, magnificent in weather, and closely related to people, especially Jinling." It is precisely because of this understanding that the tombs of the Six Dynasties in Nanjing, the official palace of temples, the imperial palace of the Ming Dynasty and the city wall of Nanjing were all covered by his vision, and a number of related monographs were mapped, verified, compiled and published. At that time, after teaching at Central University, I studied the places of interest in Nanjing and took photos and measured them myself. On this basis, I set out to compile Textual Research on Jinling Historic Sites, selected 320 pictures from 1000, and printed the Atlas of Jinling Historic Sites with pictures and texts. Then he wrote monographs such as Textual Research on the Tombs of the Six Dynasties in Jiankang Lanling. Among them, the Atlas of Jinling Historic Sites and Textual Research of Jinling Historic Sites are the first books to systematically introduce Nanjing's historical and cultural remains in an illustrated way.

It is conceivable that Nanjing is under the banner of building a "new capital", and many people do not take cultural relics seriously. Cultural relics will not be demolished, and the old ones will not go, and the new ones will not come. Although Zhu Dai is a cutting-edge student studying abroad and has an economic background, he is still a little old in his bones. Apart from writing old-fashioned poems, he was heartbroken by the brutal destruction of Nanjing's historical sites. Considering that future generations may never see these cultural relics again, Zhu Dai had to take a camera made in Germany, make field trips everywhere and take pictures to keep. In just three years, * * * took more than 2,000 photos, and many old photos of Nanjing that we can see today were selected from these photos.

After the publication of Zhu Dai's book, it not only spread widely in the Kuomintang areas, but also spread quickly to the liberated areas in northern Shaanxi. 1951September 22nd, Zhu Dai, who was invited by Nanjing People's Committee to teach at Nanjing University, said that Liu Bocheng and General Chen Yi would meet with Mr. Chen Bulei ... The next day, Zhu Daixin kept his promise, and General Liu Bocheng could not restrain his inner joy and said to him, "When I read your book in Yan 'an (referring to Zhu Dai's Textual Research on Jinling Historic Sites), I was very happy. But I was in the liberated areas and my husband was in the Kuomintang-controlled areas. Today, the book and the author are in front of us, which can be described as a wish. Later, General Liu and General Zhu Dai invited Mr. Zhu Dai to visit Shanshi City, Diaowa Temple on Phoenix Terrace, Ruan's Tomb and other places, and soon they visited the Second Mausoleum of Nantang together. He has done a lot of valuable work in the protection of cultural relics, including funding the reconstruction of stone carvings in the tombs of the Six Dynasties, calling for the protection of the Ming City Wall of Nanjing, and delaying the large-scale demolition of Nanjing in the 1950s.

It was August of 1956, and Zhu Dai, deputy director of the Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Culture, who was resting at home, suddenly received an urgent report that many people were tearing down the ancient wall of Nanmen, saying that if it was not stopped, Zhonghua Gate Castle would be destroyed soon. As if to put out the fire, he immediately braved the heat and rushed to the scene of the destroyed wall of Zhonghua Gate. Later, he rode along the root of the ancient city wall and saw that a section of the city wall in the north of the stone mountain grimace had been demolished beyond recognition, and the city wall from the emergency door to Zhoushan was also fighting. He stamped his foot again and again! The existing Nanjing City Wall was built by Zhu Yuanzhang in the early Ming Dynasty with 200,000 craftsmen and labor, which took 20 years. It is the largest city wall in the world.

In order to protect this great ancient civilization, regardless of his personal safety, he offended Ke Qingshi, the head of Nanjing at that time, and put forward urgent suggestions to stop this stupid atrocity that destroyed the city as soon as possible. At the same time, he also wrote a radio speech for the radio station, running around calling for unity from all walks of life to stop this man-made disaster. The evil deed of destroying the city was finally stopped for a period of time, but unexpectedly, he resisted the good deed of destroying the city wall and became an anti-party and anti-socialist crime in the following year. He was removed from his post and labeled as a "rightist"!

After Zhu Dai was labeled as "Rightist", the wind of tearing down the ancient city walls in Nanjing raged again, and almost all the city walls were destroyed except Zhonghua Gate Castle. Therefore, some people say that Zhu Dai's "Rightist" hat won a Zhonghua Gate for the Nanjing people, and proposed to build a statue of Zhu Dai on the towering Zhonghua Gate Castle to commemorate his contribution to protecting the city and the spirit of sacrifice in protecting cultural relics. ...

1959 went to Nanjing to go to college. Although I studied history, I also read Mr. Zhu Dai's textbook Jinling Monument after school, but I don't know what he suffered to protect the ancient city wall of Nanjing, and I don't know that he later went to the Nanjing Library and was persecuted to death in the early days of the Cultural Revolution. It was not until June 2002, when his daughter Zhu came to me for "consultation" during the 10th Congress of China Agricultural Workers' Democratic Party, that I realized that his rich legacy had never been made public. Zhu He is a stranger. She saw from the list of delegates that I was a literary editor, so she came over and told her about her difficulties: I studied science and engineering, taught at Beijing Technology and Business University, and knew nothing about literature and history. Grandfather and father left many works, including a large number of manuscripts. I want to arrange and publish after retirement, and I want to write some articles to commemorate them, but I can't write them! Can you help me? ……

After the meeting, from the abundant information provided by Associate Professor Zhu, I learned that her grandfather was a great historian in modern times and the first head of the history department in Peking University, with a collection of 250,000 volumes. His book collection is called "Biting Pavilion" because he once collected a precious Water Classic Annotation copied by Li Daoyuan in the Song Dynasty. Her father Zhu Dai is also well-read. After receiving a doctorate in economics from the University of Berlin, Germany, he returned to China and was employed by the Economics Department of Central University. At the age of 25, he became a professor and head of the department. In addition to a large number of political and economic works and papers, he also published literary works such as Flowing Clouds and Flowing Water, Khan Manji, Journey to Kuanglu, and Journey to Shu.

What is more admirable is that he was influenced by his father Zhu Xizu. 1932, after teaching, I investigated and studied the scenic spots and historical sites in Nanjing, personally took photos and measured them, and compiled the "Jinling Scenic Spot Textbook" and "Jinling Scenic Spot Atlas", which won a high reputation in academic circles after publication. 1951on September 22nd, Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi cordially received him. Liu Shuai said happily, "When I was reading your book in Yan 'an, I really wanted to meet the author. Today, the book and the author are in front of us, which can be described as a wish. " Later, he accompanied Liu and Chen Ershuai to climb the mountain, watched Mochou Lake and Shicheng with great interest, went to Fengtai to hang the ruins of the crock temple, and visited the Second Mausoleum of the Southern Tang Dynasty ... How did he think that 1956, Nanjing set up an urban demolition committee at the same time, which not only made the ancient city wall of Nanjing devastated, but also wrote when he left with a grudge? If you persecute me like this, history will prove you wrong in the future. "

By the end of 1970s, Mr. Zhu Dai's unjust case had been rehabilitated. Today, people regard the protection of the ancient city as important as the development of the city, even more important. How much readers need to know the indelible historical achievements of Mr. Zhu Dai, a pioneer in the protection of historical and cultural cities!