What data should be used for a scene in SLR photography?

When shooting portraits and landscapes, most of them use aperture priority. Aperture priority is to manually define the size of the aperture. Will the camera root? According to this aperture value, the shutter speed is determined. Because the aperture directly affects the depth of field, this mode is most widely used in ordinary shooting. When taking portraits, I usually blur the background with a large aperture and a long focal length to get a shallow depth of field, which can highlight the subject. At the same time, a larger aperture can also obtain a faster shutter value, thus improving the stability of hand-held shooting. When shooting scenery, I often use a smaller aperture, so that the depth of field is wider, which can make the distant and nearby scenery clear. This is also applicable when shooting at night.

2.？ Shutter priority is mostly used to shoot moving objects, such as sports, moving vehicles, waterfalls, flying objects, fireworks, water droplets and so on. Contrary to aperture priority, shutter priority is to obtain aperture value through camera metering when the shutter is defined manually.

Shutter priority is mostly used to shoot moving objects, especially sports shooting. Many friends find that when shooting moving objects, the subject is often blurred, mostly because the shutter speed is not fast enough. In this case, you can use the shutter priority mode, roughly determine a shutter value, and then shoot. And the motion of the object is generally regular, then the shutter value can also be roughly estimated. For example, the shutter speed for photographing pedestrians is only1125 seconds, while it takes11000 seconds for photographing falling water droplets.

3. Portrait shooting. First of all, use telephoto, 3-4 times telephoto is very suitable for taking portraits, and the wide-angle end will make people look a little deformed and ugly. A telephoto of more than 4 times or even longer will make the face too flat and not vivid enough.

Secondly, the aperture takes precedence. Choosing a large aperture can make the shutter faster, reduce jitter and make the background as blurred as possible. It is best to choose spot metering, front spot metering and exposure locking. Because other metering methods are easily affected by the color of clothes, the face exposure is not normal.

Finally, the composition. Portraits should account for 1/3- 1/2, and faces should be above 1/3 (from bottom to top). The portrait taken in this way will be very vivid, have visual impact and make people look good.

4. How to shoot macro? Shooting a good macro requires lighting and composition skills. What we need to master is how to shoot the macro clearly, not paste it. Just pay attention to the following two points. First, use a tripod. My hands are unstable and I always see a paste after zooming in, so the first one is to use a tripod. Secondly, use a selfie machine. We found that even if we use the bracket, when we press the shutter, we still bring jitter. The best way is to start the selfie machine.

5. Use of exposure compensation. Press the-key, and the exposure compensation adjustment bar appears. Press the left and right keys to adjust the positive and negative compensation sum, one level at a time 1/3. Press the-key again after adjustment. So, how to apply exposure compensation? Generally speaking, in a white environment, the photometry is low and needs to be increased, and vice versa.

? 1), the shooting environment is dim, and the brightness needs to be increased, but the flash can't work, so you can compensate the exposure and increase the exposure appropriately.

? 2) When the photographed white object looks gray or not white enough in the photo, the exposure should be increased. Simply put, the whiter the more. This seems to run counter to the basic principles and habits of exposure, but it is not. This is because the camera's photometry often focuses on the central subject, and the white subject will make the camera mistakenly think that the environment is very bright, so it is underexposed, which is also a common problem that most beginners are prone to make.

? 3) When you shoot in front of a bright background, such as in front of a sunny window, in front of a backlit scenery, etc. , increase exposure or use flash.

? 4) When you shoot people on the beach, in the snow, in sunny places or in front of a white background, you should increase the exposure and use the flash, otherwise the subject will be very dark.

5) When shooting a snow scene, the background light is strongly reflected by the snow, and the photometric deviation of the camera is particularly large. Increase the exposure at this time, or the snow will turn gray.

6) When shooting black objects, reduce the exposure to make black look purer in the photos.

7) When shooting in front of a black background, it is also necessary to reduce the exposure to avoid overexposure of the subject.

8) When shooting at night, turn off the flash, improve the exposure value, and extend the exposure time of the camera to achieve gorgeous results. Many people think that the ability to shoot at night is poor, but one of the important reasons is that the exposure method of the camera is not used correctly.

9. When it is cloudy and foggy, the environment is still bright, but the illumination of the actual object is obviously insufficient. Without exposure compensation, the photo may be dim. Appropriate exposure compensation, plus 0.3 to 0.7, can make the brightness of the scene more natural.

Being good at applying and reasonably using exposure compensation can greatly improve the success rate of your photographic works, and take photos with clear pictures, appropriate brightness and comfortable viewing, thus improving the shooting quality.

6. Use the grid lines on the screen to make a composition skillfully. We know that the golden ratio can give people beauty. Therefore, arranging the points of interest in the film on four focuses or dividing lines will give people a visual aesthetic feeling. Grid lines conveniently provide us with such a reference. In addition to the above attention to the composition of gold dots, we should also pay attention to the following points:

? 1), avoid straight lines running through both sides, especially avoid dividing the photo into two horizontal or vertical lines.

? 2), horizon processing. The horizon often appears in landscape works. In order to avoid the effect of dividing up and down, try to break the flatness of the horizon, such as using clouds, distant mountains, sunrises, sunsets or other buildings. In addition, the position of the horizon should also be arranged on the dividing line of the center of interest, and CX 1 should be kept horizontal (special creativity is another matter).

? 3), shooting moving objects should leave a certain space before the movement. When the subject is moving, the viewer's eyes will habitually move in the direction of the subject's movement. If there is no space in front of the movement, it will give people a sense of oppression. In addition, usually the direction of the subject's gaze should also leave a relatively large space.

7. Shoot before sunset or on cloudy days. No matter day or night, we can get the desired effect, and the automatic white balance is very accurate. But only during the time around sunset, or in cloudy weather, the film is foggy, which is not ideal. In this case, the white balance needs to be adjusted. First switch to the manual gear at the beginning of P gear, press the function key, select cloudy day, and press the function key to confirm. If you are still not satisfied, please set manual white balance.