Information about the leaves of osmanthus trees

Osmanthus fragrans (sweet olive) belongs to Oleaceae, also known as "laurel" and "osmanthus fragrans", commonly known as "osmanthus tree". Evergreen shrubs or small trees are temperate tree species. The leaves are opposite, mostly oval or rectangular, smooth, leathery and serrated. The flowers are clustered, and the corolla is divided into milky white, yellow, orange red and other colors. There are more than 20 cities in China, including Quzhou City and Hanzhong City. Osmanthus fragrans is the city flower or city tree.

Chinese name: osmanthus fragrans

Latin scientific name: osmanthus fragrans

Nicknames: laurel and osmanthus.

Double name method: osmanthus fragrans

Field: the field of plants

Door: angiosperm magnolia door

Class: Subclass Dicotyledonous Magnolia

Objective: Labiatae Labiatae.

Family: Oleaceae

Genus: osmanthus fragrans

Type: Osmanthus fragrans

catalogue

Distribution of origin

morphological character

Cultivation history

Variety classification

Medicinal value and therapeutic value

Therapeutic value

Diet menu

Cultivation knowledge seedling raising technology

Key points of cultivation and reproduction

Common problems in planting

Maintenance points

Eliminate pests and diseases

Garden use

Legends and cultural osmanthus legends

accretion of culture

City flower and city tree

Gui Huayuan

China is the hometown of osmanthus fragrans.

Related poems

Morphological characteristics of laurel

habitual

cultivation techniques

Related literary and artistic works

Distribution of producing areas of osmanthus idioms

morphological character

Cultivation history

Variety classification

Medicinal value and therapeutic value

Therapeutic value

Diet menu

Cultivation knowledge seedling raising technology

Key points of cultivation and reproduction

Common problems in planting

Maintenance points

Eliminate pests and diseases

Garden use

Legends and cultural osmanthus legends

accretion of culture

City Flower Market Tree Gui Huayuan China osmanthus hometown related poems Gui

Morphological Characteristics Habitual Cultivation Techniques Idioms about literary and artistic works of Osmanthus fragrans are edited and distributed in this column.

osmanthus flowers

Osmanthus fragrans is native to the eastern Himalayas in southwest China, and also distributed in India, Nepal and Cambodia. Wild osmanthus fragrans grows in southwest China, Sichuan, Shaanxi (south), Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places, and is now widely planted in Huaihe River basin and south China. Its suitable area is north to the lower reaches of the Yellow River and south to Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Like warm and humid climate, it is a subtropical tree species, resistant to high temperature but not too cold. Osmanthus fragrans leaves are lush and evergreen, and the trees are long in age. They bloom in autumn and are full of fragrance. It is a unique ornamental flower and aromatic tree species in China. Osmanthus fragrans is mainly distributed and cultivated in the vast tropical and northern subtropical areas from the north of Lingnan to the south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains, which is roughly equivalent to 24 ~ 33 north latitude. The area has good hydrothermal conditions and suitable precipitation. The soil is mostly yellow brown soil or yellow cinnamon soil, and the vegetation is mainly subtropical broad-leaved forest. Under the influence of the above conditions, Osmanthus fragrans grows well, forming national famous commodity production bases of Osmanthus fragrans such as Xianning in Hubei, Taoyuan in Hunan, Suzhou in Jiangsu, Guilin in Guangxi, Hangzhou in Zhejiang and Chengdu in Sichuan. Osmanthus fragrans is not strict with the soil. Except alkaline soil and low-lying land or soil that is too sticky and poorly drained, it can generally grow, but slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage is more suitable.

Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph

Osmanthus tree

Osmanthus fragrans, an evergreen shrub or small tree of Oleaceae, is1.5 ~15m high. The crown is round, semi-circular and oval, and it can cover 600 square meters. The bark is rough, taupe or gray, and the whole or upper part is sparsely serrated. Leaves opposite, oval or oblong. Three to five peanuts are in the axils of leaves, most of them are born in the spring shoots of that year, and there are flowers on the branches of two or three years old. Each flower has 4 petals, which is very fragrant. Leaf axils are umbrella-shaped, flowers are small, yellow and white, and they are very fragrant. The bark is smooth and gray. The single leaf is opposite, the leather is bright, the leaf shape and leaf margin vary with varieties, the leaf shape is elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, and the leaf margin is whole or serrated. Flowers are axillary cymes, small and fragrant, and their colors vary with varieties. There are osmanthus fragrans with strong growth potential, thick branches, large leaf shape, rough leaves, dark green leaves and orange red leaves; There are silvery laurel trees with medium growth, smooth leaves, serrated leaves, milky white flowers and dense and sweet flowers; Strong growth potential, smooth leaves, sparse serrated or whole leaves, light yellow flowers and sparse fragrance, which can bloom with the above varieties from September to autumn 10, or once every two or three months. Dangui and Sijigui, the fruit is purple-black drupe, commonly known as cinnamon. Osmanthus fragrans seedlings have obvious taproots, developed and deep roots. Young roots are yellow-brown, and old roots are yellow-brown. The root system of grafted seedlings varies with rootstock; When cuttings are buried in the soil, adventitious roots grow everywhere, but there is no obvious main root. Osmanthus fragrans is highly branched and has low technical points, especially in its infancy, which often appears as a shrub for a long time. After close planting or pruning, it can become an obvious trunk. Bark is rough, grayish brown or grayish white, sometimes showing lenticels. The leaf surface is smooth, leathery, dark and bright green near the axis, and the far axis surface is more talked about; Oval, oblong, oval, obovate, lanceolate, oblanceolate, oblanceolate to ovate-lanceolate. Osmanthus fragrans has opposite leathery leaves and inflorescences clustered in leaf axils. The flowering period is September-65438+1October, and the fruiting period is March-April of the following year. Osmanthus fragrans adapts to the vast subtropical climate. Sexual preference is warm and humid. The average temperature in the planting area is 14~28℃, the average temperature in July is 24~28℃, the average temperature in June is above 0℃, the minimum temperature is-13℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 15~28℃. Humidity is very important for the growth and development of osmanthus fragrans. The annual average humidity is 75% ~ 85%, and the annual precipitation is about 65438 000mm mm. Especially when young trees and adults bloom, they need more water. If there is drought, it will affect flowering, and strong sunshine and shade are not good for their growth. Generally, they need 6-8 hours of light every day. Osmanthus fragrans likes warm environment and should grow in acidic sandy soil with deep soil layer, good drainage, fertility and rich humus. Not drought-tolerant and barren, it grows very slowly in shallow, hardened and barren soil, with few branches and leaves, thin leaves, yellow leaves, no flowers or few flowers, and even periodic dead tops. In severe cases, the whole plant of osmanthus fragrans died; It likes sunshine, but it has a certain shade tolerance. Small trees need some shade, and adult trees need relatively sufficient light to ensure the normal growth of osmanthus fragrans. It is observed that one side of the crown of osmanthus fragrans clings to the wall, or when the crowns of two osmanthus fragrans plants overlap with each other, the crown close to the wall or the overlapping part will soon become sparse, which will affect the shape and beauty of the whole crown. It can be seen that osmanthus fragrans is suitable for planting in ventilated and light-transmitting places; Osmanthus fragrans likes clean and ventilated environment, is not resistant to the harm of smoke and dust, and often cannot blossom after being victimized; Afraid of waterlogging, if waterlogging damages, the root system will be black and rotten, the leaves will be scorched at the tip first, and then the whole leaves will wither and fall off, leading to the death of the whole plant; Not very cold-tolerant, but compared with other evergreen broad-leaved trees, it is still a cold-tolerant tree species, which provides more possibilities for potted osmanthus in the north.

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osmanthus flowers

Osmanthus fragrans has a long history of cultivation in China. The earliest reference to osmanthus fragrans in the literature is the Mountain and Sea Classic Nanshan Scene in the Old Warring States Period (475 BC-2265438 BC+0 BC), which means "Fragrant osmanthus fragrans all over the mountain". Qu Yuan (340-278 BC)' s "Nine Songs of the Chu Dynasty" also includes: "Help Beidou to drink osmanthus pulp, and Xinyi car is a laurel flag". From the Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Osmanthus fragrans has become a valuable flower and exquisite tribute. In the early Han dynasty, it was introduced into the palace clamp garden and was successful. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, osmanthus planting has become popular. In the Tang Dynasty, it was very common for literati to plant osmanthus, and chanting osmanthus became a common practice. There is a famous sentence in the poem Lingyin Temple in the Song Dynasty, "Osmanthus fragrans is in the middle of the moon, and the fragrant clouds float outside", so later generations also call it "Tianxiang". After Tang and Song Dynasties, Osmanthus fragrans was widely used for garden cultivation and appreciation. In the poem Osmanthus fragrans written by Ni Zan in the Yuan Dynasty, there is a phrase that "the leaves of osmanthus fragrans are dusk, and the light and shadow in autumn are dim", which shows the situation of planting Osmanthus fragrans in front of the window. Folk cultivation of osmanthus fragrans began in the Song Dynasty and flourished in the early Ming Dynasty. Five osmanthus producing areas in the history of China were all formed here. Osmanthus fragrans from China was introduced to Britain through Guangzhou and India in 177 1, and has developed rapidly in Britain since then. Now it is cultivated in many countries in Europe, America and Southeast Asia, especially in Mediterranean countries.

Edit the variety classification of this paragraph.

Oleaceae evergreen tree, 3- 15m high, with gray branches. Leaves opposite, leathery, rectangular, 6- 12 cm long, 2-4.5 cm wide, entire. Flowers clustered in leaf axils, pale yellow and white, 4-lobed. Drupe oval, purple-black when mature. The flowers are fragrant, and the fragrant oil is extracted to make osmanthus essence, which can be used in food, cosmetics, cakes, sweets and wine making. It is also an ornamental plant. Osmanthus fragrans is pungent and can be used as medicine. It comes from osmanthus fragrans. Oleaceae, flowers, fruits and roots are used as medicine. Picking flowers in autumn; Picking fruits in winter; The roots are collected in four seasons and dried separately. Related medicinal materials Osmanthus fragrans seeds taste tropical: pungent and warm. Fruit: pungent, sweet and warm. Root: sweet, slightly astringent and flat. Functions: dispelling cold, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. Used for toothache, cough, asthma, excessive phlegm, amenorrhea and abdominal pain. Fruit: Warming the stomach, calming the liver and dispelling cold. Used for deficiency-cold stomachache. Root: dispel wind and dampness, dispel cold. Used for rheumatism, muscle and bone pain, lumbago, toothache due to kidney deficiency. Usage, dosage and cost 1 ~ 4 yuan. Fruit costs 2 ~ 4 yuan. Roots 2 ~ 3. Note (1) There are two other varieties of osmanthus fragrans. var。 Fructus Aurantii and osmanthus fragrans. var。 Sage, both of which are also used as medicine. Extracted from "National Chinese Herbal Medicine Compilation" formula 1: dried osmanthus 1g, tea 2g. Production: put dried osmanthus fragrans and lotus leaves into a cup and brew with boiling water for 6 minutes, then you can drink. Usage: Drink 1 cup in the morning and evening. Efficacy: strengthen muscles and nourish skin, promote blood circulation and moisten throat. Application: Suitable for dry skin, hoarseness and toothache. Prescription 2 materials: several spices of osmanthus fragrans: refined salt 1 teaspoon, rock sugar 1 teaspoon. Practice: 1. Wash osmanthus repeatedly and drain it with salt water; 2. Put the sweet-scented osmanthus into the cup, pour boiling water, add rock sugar, cover the cup, stew for about three minutes, and the fragrance will overflow after opening the lid. Efficacy: It can resolve phlegm, disperse blood stasis and treat cough. Drinking osmanthus tea in winter can relieve stomach discomfort. When winter comes and the cold wind blows, many people often feel stomach discomfort and even cold pain. Drinking osmanthus tea at this time can relieve symptoms very well. Now many pharmacies and supermarkets sell osmanthus, and readers can make osmanthus tea at home. The practice is: add seven to ten dried osmanthus flowers to the right amount of black tea and brown sugar and brew with hot water. Chinese medicine believes that osmanthus fragrans has good medicinal value. The ancients said that osmanthus is a good medicine, so the wine brewed with osmanthus can achieve the effect of "drinking for thousands of years". Osmanthus fragrans is warm and pungent, and can be taken orally by decocting, making tea or soaking in wine. It has the effects of warming middle warmer, dispelling cold, warming stomach, relieving pain, resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis, and has certain curative effects on anorexia, excessive phlegm, cough and asthma, hemorrhoids, dysentery and amenorrhea abdominal pain. Black tea is warm, has the function of warming the spleen and stomach, helping digestion, and can increase appetite; Brown sugar has the effects of invigorating qi and nourishing blood, invigorating spleen and warming stomach, expelling wind and cold, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and is especially suitable for pregnant women, children and anemia patients. Therefore, people with weak spleen and stomach function can drink osmanthus tea to warm their stomachs. But it is not suitable for people with heartburn pain, dry mouth, hunger, yellow urine and sticky stool.

Therapeutic value

Harvesting when flowering in autumn, drying in the shade, removing impurities, and sealing and storing for later use; You can also use less. [medicinal properties] pungent, slightly bitter and flat in nature. It can eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, promote blood circulation and relieve pain. [References] Contains volatile oil, including β-phellandrene, nerol and linalool; It also contains vinegar, including lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. 【 Use 】 Used for relieving cough and resolving phlegm; Female menopausal abdominal pain; Dental caries and toothache. [Usage] Make tea, decoct soup, or soak wine. [Attached] muxi Ercha cake: osmanthus, Baiyao soup, children's tea, etc. * * * Mash into a paste cake, and melt the right amount each time. From Compendium of Materia Medica. This prescription takes osmanthus fragrans to remove odor and relieve pain, and decocts it with hundreds of herbs to produce fluid and eliminate phlegm, and baby tea to eliminate phlegm and relieve pain; The whole prescription has many functions such as deodorizing, promoting fluid production, resolving phlegm and relieving pain. Used for halitosis, dry throat, cough, dry throat, dental caries and toothache.

Diet menu

Glutinous rice, osmanthus lotus root

Glutinous rice, sweet-scented osmanthus lotus root cuisine and its efficacy: dessert/snack taste: fragrant technology: cooked glutinous rice, sweet-scented osmanthus lotus root production materials: main ingredients: lotus root 800g, glutinous rice 200g, auxiliary materials: lotus leaf 20g, seasoning: sugar 100g, sweet-scented osmanthus lotus root 40g. Characteristics: sweet, cool and fragrant. Teach you how to make glutinous rice osmanthus lotus root and how to make glutinous rice osmanthus lotus root 1. Wash glutinous rice and soak it in warm water for about 1 hour; 2. Wash the lotus root and disconnect it according to the section; 3. Cut off one end of the lotus root, expose the lotus root hole, fill in the soaked glutinous rice, cover the lotus root knot, and insert the bamboo stick firmly; 4. Pour water into the pot, add lotus root (rice mouth up) and bring to a boil; 5. Cover with clean lotus leaves, cover and simmer for about two hours. 6. Take out the lotus root, let it cool, peel it, cut it into pieces with a thickness of 0.8 cm, and put it on the plate; 7. Put the pot on the fire, add water to boil, add sugar to dissolve, skim off the floating foam, and switch to a small fire; 8. When the sugar juice is sticky, add osmanthus syrup, stir well, and cool off the fire; 9. Pour the sugar paper on the sticky rice. Lotus leaf: Lotus leaf, tung oil, Poria cocos and silver. Sweet-scented osmanthus Huang Lin crisp dishes and their effects: staple snacks/snacks fattening recipes taste: sweetness technology: materials for making sweet-scented osmanthus Huang Lin crisp: main ingredients: 300g of wheat flour, auxiliary materials: sweet-scented osmanthus100g, egg white150g, black sesame150g, and starch (corn) 20g of seasoning: 2. Add 60 grams of lard to 300 grams of flour, and add appropriate amount of water to knead into water-oil dough; 3. Cut the crispy noodles and the oil surface one by one, and roll them into a cow tongue with a rolling pin; 4. Fold it three times from top to bottom, roll it into a skin embryo, and wrap it with osmanthus stuffing to make a cake; 5. Put in a baking tray, brush the surface with egg liquid, and bake in the furnace until cooked. Tips for making osmanthus Huang Lin Crisp: 1. When baking this point, we must control the temperature, otherwise it is easy to have cracks and poor surface finish of snacks. 2. Preparation method of osmanthus filling: put sesame, sugar and lard into a container, stir evenly, add proper amount of dry starch while stirring, and finally add osmanthus, stir evenly to make osmanthus filling. Pie-food phase grams: egg white: egg white can not be eaten with saccharin, soybean milk, rabbit meat. Black sesame: Sesame should not be eaten with chicken. Baked sweet-scented osmanthus sausage food and its efficacy: pickled pickles taste: spiced technology: baked sweet-scented osmanthus sausage making materials: main ingredients: pork (fat meat) 300g, pork (lean meat) 400g, pork sausage 100g seasoning: soy sauce 5g, sugar 5g, salt 5g, spiced powder 4g and white wine 3g to teach you how to make baked sweet-scented osmanthus sausage. 2. Wash the pig intestines and soak them in warm water. 3. Add soy sauce, sugar and spiced powder (you can reduce it if you don't like spiced powder) into the marinated chopped pork and mix well. Mix a proper amount of pink powder with a teaspoon of water, marinate with seasoning for about 10 minute, then add it and mix well. 4. After adding powder to the marinated minced meat, put it into the casing. Take out the soaked sausage, pour out the water soaked in the sausage, put it back into the container, tie one end of the sausage with a string, and put the other end into the funnel for making sausage. Also tie it with a string and prepare a sewing needle about 7 cm long. When the sausage expands, poke a hole around the lowest air position with a sewing needle. 5. Barbecue clip made of barbed wire, put the cooked sausage around, roast it about 24 cm away from the hot red charcoal fire, turn it over and move it until the fragrance comes out. 6. If the fermented sausage is too long, you can cut the sausage and bake it for 2 or 3 times, and tie the cut with a string to prevent the meat from coming out. If it is not baked in long strips, it can be changed into sausages about 17 cm long.

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Seedling raising technology

Osmanthus fragrans generally adopts cutting seedling, and single-dried Osmanthus fragrans mostly adopts sowing seedling. The introduction is as follows: Osmanthus fragrans blooms from September to June, and the fruit matures from late March to late April of the following year. When the fruit enters maturity and the peel gradually changes from green to purple-black, it can be harvested. The collected fruits are piled and retted for about 3 days. After the peel becomes soft, wash it with water, remove the peel and pulp to get clean seeds, dry them a little, and moisten them with sand. Because osmanthus seeds have a post-ripening period, wet sofa buds usually take 8 months. 2. Seeding and seedling raising methods are commonly used. A large number of osmanthus seedlings can be obtained by sowing and seedling raising, which is suitable for street trees. Sowing is usually carried out in wide rows, with a row spacing of 20 to 25 cm and a width of 65,438+00 to 65,438+02 cm. Sow 20 Jin per mu, and there are 25,000 to 30,000 osmanthus seedlings per mu. Before sowing, the umbilical cord should be oriented to one side, covered with one or two centimeters of fine soil, covered with a thin layer of straw, and sprayed with water until the soil is soaked to prevent soil hardening and reduce water evaporation. After the seeds germinate, uncover the grass cover in time and put the grass between rows, which can not only keep the soil moist, but also prevent the weeds from growing.

Key points of cultivation and reproduction

Seeding, layering, grafting and cutting propagation. When 65438+ 10 is sown in autumn in the same year or in spring in the next year, the initial flowering period of seedlings is late, so it is difficult to maintain the original characteristics of varieties. Layered propagation is used to propagate improved varieties. Grafting propagation is a common method. Ligustrum lucidum, Ligustrum lucidum, small wax, water wax, tassel and ash tree are used as rootstocks for grafting or cutting. Cutting propagation is mostly carried out from mid-June to late August. Transplanting is often carried out after flowering in autumn or spring, and it can also be transplanted in rainy season. Large seedlings need soil balls, and more base fertilizer should be applied to planting holes. Potted osmanthus can be placed in the courtyard sunshine in summer without shading, and it can be safely wintered indoors in winter. Pests and diseases include Fusarium wilt, dead branch disease, Osmanthus fragrans, citrus whitefly, grasshopper and so on. 1. Planting should be carried out in spring or autumn, especially in cloudy or rainy days. Choose a ventilated, well-drained, warm place with sufficient sunlight or semi-cloudy environment. To ensure the survival rate, it is necessary to pave the transplanted soil. Planting soil should be acidic and avoid alkaline soil. The pot soil of potted osmanthus fragrans is composed of 2 parts humus soil, 3 parts garden soil, 3 parts sandy soil and 2 parts decomposed cake fertilizer. Mix well, then put on the pot or change the pot, before germination in spring. 2. Light and temperature can be cultivated in the open field in the south of the Yellow River basin for overwintering. Potted plants should be moved indoors in winter, placed in a sunny place and fully exposed to direct sunlight. The room temperature should be above 5℃, but not more than 10℃. After germination in April of the following year, it is moved outdoors, first placed in the leeward and sunny place for maintenance, and then gradually moved to a ventilated sunny or semi-shady environment after the growth is stable, and then normal management is carried out. Insufficient light during the growth period affects flower bud differentiation. 3. Water and fertilize before planting, mix plant ash and organic fertilizer in the tree hole, and water 1 time after planting. Keep the soil moist before the introduction of new technology, and don't water it with chemical fertilizer. Generally, nitrogen fertilizer is applied 65,438+0 times in spring, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied 65,438+0 times in summer to make flowers flourish, and overwintering organic fertilizer is applied 65,438+0 times before winter, which is mainly composed of decomposed cake fertilizer and stable manure. Avoid thick fat, especially feces and urine. Osmanthus fragrans potted in winter in northern China should be put in a low-temperature greenhouse. Pay attention to ventilation and light transmission indoors, with little water. After leaving the house in April, the amount of water can be increased appropriately, and the amount of light fat water can be poured in the peak season, and the fat water can be slightly thicker in the flowering period. 4. Pruning depends on the tree, determine the big frame according to the tree posture, remove other tillers, too dense branches, long branches, cross branches and weak branches, and make ventilation and light transmission. For the strong and weak, the upper branches can be cut short 1/3 to make the whole tree strong, and at the same time, the calluses antiseptic film can be applied to the pruning mouth to protect the wound. 5. Planting Osmanthus fragrans in the North Generally speaking, Osmanthus fragrans is widely planted in the Huaihe River Basin and the south, and its suitable area can reach the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the north and Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan in the south. But osmanthus can also be planted in Beijing. Feng Tianzhe's book "300 Questions about Family Flower Cultivation" says that in winter, sweet-scented osmanthus young trees should be watered once with antifreeze water, and roots should be planted at the base of the trees, and then the trunks and branches should be wrapped with seven-layer thick newspapers to let them overwinter in the open air in Beijing. I tried it myself. Newspapers don't need other insulation materials. I just wrap osmanthus in a glass plate. But this kind of insulation can't be removed until April and May in spring, preferably in May. In this way, osmanthus can spend the winter in the open air in Beijing, and it will not be wrapped in winter after three years.

Common problems in planting

Sijigui

1, why doesn't osmanthus fragrans smell good? A: Osmanthus fragrans blooms all the year round but is not fragrant, because the fragrance of the variety itself is relatively weak. Among the common osmanthus varieties, Jingui is the strongest, followed by Yin Gui, Dangui and Sijigui. As an economic crop, it is rarely cultivated because of its sparse flowering and light aroma; As an ornamental potted plant, it is suitable for potted plants because of its beautiful tree shape and perennial flowering. Osmanthus fragrans are mostly clustered, with yellow and white flowers, sparse, elegant fragrance and long flowering period. Generally, except for severe winter and hot summer, flowers can bloom once every two months. The autumn fragrance is a little strong, and the rest are light. Its varieties are osmanthus fragrans with big leaves and osmanthus fragrans with small leaves. The laurel lacks light and phosphate fertilizer during its growth, which makes the flowers speak clearly. If the plants are put in a sunny and ventilated environment, topdressing once every 10 day, and appropriate application of phosphate fertilizer can enhance the fragrance of flowers to a certain extent, but it is still not as good as other varieties. 2. Why don't potted osmanthus flowers bloom? A: First, the light is insufficient. Osmanthus fragrans likes light. When the light intensity is lower than 60℃, its growth and development will decline, the vegetative growth will become worse and the number of flowers will decrease. When the light is seriously insufficient, photosynthesis is weakened, nutrient accumulation is less, and it is impossible to bloom. So give enough light. The second is the lack of fertilizer. Osmanthus fragrans grows and blooms a lot and needs to consume a lot of nutrients. Poor soil or insufficient fertility will also affect the growth and flowering of plants. Therefore, nitrogen-based fertilizer 1~2 times should be applied during bolting, and phosphorus-based fertilizer should be applied 2~3 times from flower bud differentiation period (beginning at the end of May) to before flowering. Third, the basin soil is too wet. Osmanthus fragrans should not be too wet and waterlogged. Wet stains can cause rotten roots, lead to poor growth and no flowering, and even cause potted plants to die in serious cases. Watering should follow the principle of "no watering, no doing, thorough watering". After the heavy rain, the accumulated water in the basin should be removed in time, especially on sunny days after the rain, and the roots should be avoided. Fourth, the soil is alkaline. Osmanthus fragrans likes slightly acidic soil, and the suitable pH value is 5.5~6.5. Osmanthus fragrans growing in alkaline soil often does not grow well and affects flowering. The fifth is smoke pollution. Osmanthus fragrans is not resistant to smoke and pollution. After too much smoke or pollution, the leaves will become smaller and fall off easily, and there will be a phenomenon that only the leaves will grow without flowering. Sixth, it is not yet flowering age. 3. What is the edible health function of osmanthus fragrans? A: osmanthus tea has a refreshing effect. Osmanthus fragrans is slightly scalded in boiling water, and then picked up and dried. Crushed with white sugar and sealed in a bottle to keep its color and fragrance. It can be used as a food spice. Mix sweet-scented osmanthus and pure lotus root starch with white sugar to make sweet-scented osmanthus lotus root starch, which is delicious and appetizing. Take the best dates and cook them with sugar. When the soup is almost finished, add osmanthus, that is, osmanthus jujube that strengthens the spleen and appetizes. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that osmanthus fragrans is warm and pungent, and can be taken orally by decocting, making tea or soaking in wine, which can resolve phlegm and dissipate blood stasis, and has certain curative effects on anorexia, excessive phlegm, cough and asthma, intestinal wind and blood dysentery, amenorrhea and abdominal pain. Guizhi, Guizhi and Guizhi can all be used as human medicine. Guizhi decoction is made of cassia twig, white peony root, ginger, jujube and licorice, and is specially used to treat exogenous wind-cold, fever and headache. Cinnamon root tastes sweet and slightly astringent. 4. How to thaw the frozen osmanthus? A: Osmanthus fragrans is attacked by cold wave in early winter, which is easy to cause freezing injury. Due to severe dehydration of protoplasm, the concentration of intercellular fluid of the affected plants increased and the young leaves shrank. In this case, if you are eager to put the damaged potted plants in high temperature or direct sunlight, it will accelerate the death of osmanthus. The correct method should take measures of slow thawing to make cells gradually absorb water and return to normal. In this case, potted flowers can also be wrapped in waste newspapers with strong water absorption. Be careful not to damage the branches and leaves of potted plants when wrapping, and avoid direct sunlight. Let it stand for a day, so that the temperature of potted flowers will gradually increase. After this treatment, the frozen potted flowers can be revived. 5. How to make the plant type of osmanthus grow evenly? A: First, when planting osmanthus, let the flowers and trees be planted in the middle of the pot. After watering, straighten the crooked plants to lay a good foundation for future cultivation. The second is reasonable pruning. When pruning, pay attention to the overall appearance of flowers and trees, pay attention to leaving buds, and try to make the terminal buds grow to the gap. Cut off the strong branches, cut off the useless weak branches, keep the blanks, and cut lightly. The third is to moderately tie potted flowers. There is a big gap in a certain direction, so dense branches can be tied to the gap by binding. The fourth is to turn over the basin frequently. For sweet-scented osmanthus that does not need pruning, it is often necessary to turn over the pot, let the gap open, let the sun shine, and induce new branches. Rotating basin, the sun always moves with the orbit all year round, so the illumination angle and intensity are always changing. When the flowerpot is fixed for a long time, one side of the plant can never get proper illumination. As time goes on, round potted plants grow differently because of uneven sunlight. Therefore, in the growing season, the flowerpot should be rotated 45 degrees every 10 day. When the flowerpot is rotated frequently, the plants will grow evenly in all angles and directions, the lateral branches around the trunk will be neat and consistent, and the leaves can receive sunlight in a balanced way. Therefore, the shape and posture of plants can be plump and beautiful, and the ornamental effect can be achieved from all angles, which can make the branches and leaves grow more stretched and beautiful. 6. Why do osmanthus flowers die easily at the turn of winter and spring? A: It depends on the management method. In addition to supplying proper moisture and sufficient light, it is especially important not to fertilize osmanthus in winter, especially in a cold environment. Because sweet-scented osmanthus is easy to die in winter, not because the environment is not hot enough, but because the environment is not cold enough. The origin of osmanthus fragrans is not warm in winter. Osmanthus fragrans, which has adapted to this growing environment for thousands of years, overwinters in a warm place, and there is no abnormality in the plants at first. On the contrary, it seems to forget the arrival of winter, with buds and branches, and looks like a thriving elephant. However, this situation will not last long, indoor light and temperature changes can not meet the growth as in summer, and the phenomenon of old leaves falling off, new shoots wilting and plant death begins to appear. In order to make osmanthus safely overwinter, it should be placed in an environment of 0-5℃ in winter and given sufficient sunshine; Don't topdress, lest the soil in the basin be too wet. After winter, you will find that the cultivated osmanthus not only survived unharmed, but also grew stronger than those who survived the winter in a high temperature environment.

Maintenance points

(1) intertillage weeding. Tree tray with trunk as the center and diameter of 1 m, with emphasis on loosening soil and weeding. After irrigation or rainfall, intertillage and loosen the soil to prevent the soil from hardening. (2) Water and drainage. Osmanthus fragrans is mainly watered within one month after new planting and in the summer of the same year. Newly planted osmanthus fragrans must be watered and permeable, and the canopy of the plant should be sprayed with water conditionally to maintain a certain air humidity. Osmanthus fragrans is not tolerant to waterlogging, so timely drainage or transplanting waterlogged plants, combined with certain sand planting, can promote the growth of new roots. (3) Rational fertilization. Fertilization should be based on the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application, with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer, and medium and large seedlings should be fertilized three or four times a year. In early spring, apply organic fertilizer to the tree tray to promote the growth of spring shoots. Inorganic fertilizer or garbage miscellaneous fertilizer should be applied in early winter. In the meantime, fertilization can be applied once or twice according to the growth of osmanthus fragrans. Newly transplanted osmanthus fragrans should not be topdressed too early. The base fertilizer of the transplanting pit should be mixed with soil before covering it. (4) plastic trimming. (1) Bud peeling: During germination, the useless buds at the lower part of the trunk are peeled off. (2) Thinning branches: keep a certain branch height and cut off useless branches. Generally, the branch height of osmanthus fragrans is about 1.5 meters. (3) Short-cutting: Cut off the top branches that are growing too vigorously, so as to keep the height of osmanthus fragrans at about 3.5 meters and the crown width at 2.5 to 3 meters. Configuration characteristics: The configuration forms of osmanthus fragrans can be roughly divided into natural type and regular type. Natural configuration mainly imitates nature, emphasizes change, and has a lively and elegant natural atmosphere. There are methods such as single planting, cluster planting and group planting. Rules are arranged symmetrically or in rows based on a certain axis, emphasizing neatness and symmetry, giving people a sense of grandeur and solemnity, and there are planting and planting methods. 1, planted alone. Osmanthus fragrans has a beautiful shape and can be planted as a landscape alone. On the lawn of Linggu Temple in Nanjing, there is a osmanthus king, which looks like a giant umbrella. Against the backdrop of the surrounding osmanthus forest, it has a distinct personality and has the effect of "standing out from the crowd". There is also a lonely osmanthus in Guihua Square in Jiao Shan Scenic Area, Zhenjiang. The square is square, and the center of the square is piled up with pebbles into a big circle. The center of the circle is composed of four petals of osmanthus fragrans, and a beautiful flower bed is planted in the center of the flower bed. Overlooking the scenery, there is a circle in the square with flowers in it, which not only embodies the meaning of "full moon flowers, happiness and perfection", but also points out the theme of the square. Planting osmanthus has been planted on both sides of the aisle since ancient times. Row planting mainly embodies the beauty of order and line of plants. Osmanthus fragrans with similar tree ages generally have similar tree shapes and are planted in straight lines or curves at equal distances, which is easy to achieve neat and consistent artistic effects. In gardens, osmanthus fragrans are generally cultivated as street trees, forest belts and watersides, or as tree walls and hedges. Trees such as osmanthus fragrans are cultivated on both sides of the road in Nanjing Linggu Temple, which makes the plant landscape on both sides of the road layered and unique. Outside the wall of Dinghui Temple in Jiaoshan, several osmanthus plants are planted in rows, with yellow walls and green tiles, rich colors and beautiful composition.

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