The focal plane of downward shooting.

The focal plane here mainly refers to the way the lens moves, different shooting angles and different contents.

There are various focal planes, and different lenses are used according to the content of the film and the needs of expressing the character. The time from the start of filming to the stop of filming of a film camera is called a lens. From the second shooting to the stop, it is the second shooting. Generally speaking, there are the following kinds of focal planes:

(1) Pull the lens: Its function is to let the audience understand the relationship between people and the environment, parts and the whole from point to surface on the basis of seeing a key point clearly. Pulling the lens makes people feel broad and stretched. For example, in the first shot of the feature film Bitter Flower, a close-up of a blooming bitter flower first appeared, and then a small hand reached into the picture to pick it, but the audience couldn't see the figure and didn't know it was the right hand. This is when the camera is turned on, and the audience is delighted to see Man Zi digging up bitter flowers. This shooting method is called pulling the lens.

(2) Glasses lens: As the name implies, the lens always follows the performance object in an action to continuously and meticulously show his activities or his ongoing actions and feelings.

(3) Panning: This refers to putting the camera in a fixed position, looking around, panning the panorama, or panning with the movement of the subject. Often used to introduce the environment or highlight the significance and purpose of people's actions.

(4) Push the lens: It means that the subject does not move, but only moves the lens to push it into a close-up or close-up shot. The same lens content, slowly approaching, gives people a calm, stretched and subtle feeling. Rapid advancement will produce nervous, hasty and flustered effects. Push can guide the audience more.

Deeply feel the inner activities of the characters and strengthen the contrast of the atmosphere.

(5) Subjective shot: The shot of the film is regarded as the eyes of the characters in the play to observe and express objective things, which can simulate feelings and render the atmosphere. Subjective shots are often used to express the mental state of characters under special circumstances, and also reflect their hallucinations and imagination, which often appear in movies. At the same time, it also played a prominent role in depicting characters' personalities. For example, at the beginning of the feature film Little Flower, there is a scene where a little flower looks for her brother's memory. It first used continuous shooting to draw out the floret of that year, and then returned to reality with the voice of calling my brother, which handled the nature smoothly and produced a strong artistic effect.

(6) Empty shot: This kind of shot shows a certain time and place with a specific visual image (that is, a picture). There are no people, no language, and only natural scenery and atmosphere scenes with certain significance are lost. Such as mountains, water, sea, pine, flowers, white clouds, moon, birds and so on. It is an important means to make the film poetic, thus creating a profound artistic conception.

(7) Pitch lens: Pitch lens can be divided into overhead lens and overhead lens. In addition to a bird's eye view of the panorama, the camera overhead can also show a feeling of gloom and depression, which generally plays a derogatory role. The lens of looking up at the scenery plays an emotional role.

(8) Lifting lens: Lifting lens is generally used to shoot large scenes, which can change the lens perspective and picture space and contribute to the rendering of drama atmosphere and effect. For example, in the feature film "Tianshan Red Flower", when Aoyiguli got off the jeep and walked into the crowd to welcome her, it was taken by a photographer from a helicopter. This way of shooting renders the atmosphere and shows a vast space.

(9) Integrated lens: Integrated lens means that the lens moves in various ways. Sometimes, in order to make the film show a certain plot more fully and prominently, the lens of pushing, pulling, up, down, shaking and moving is often used together in a focal plane. It creates different lens angles for the picture, such as front, side, back, down and so on, which can not only show the whole picture of the environment, but also show the close-up of a specific character and the relationship between the characters, making the film more expressive. Therefore, the focal plane can be used alone, or combined and interlaced. This kind of lens is also called a long lens.

(10) Zoom lens: It means that the position of the camera remains unchanged, and by changing the focal length of the zoom lens installed in the camera, the subject is accelerated or zoomed in or out at a uniform speed without changing the distance from the camera, resulting in a certain rhythm.