How to set the lighting when learning photography?

Portrait lighting uses portrait photography, especially business portraits. Our aim is to idealize the characters. But indoor portraits should have the greatest influence on the lighting layout. Of course, there are many kinds of light. Usually we all know: plane light, side light, reflected light, direct light, beam splitting light, and commonly used butterfly light, so I won't explain it here. Plane light is easy to make people fat, while side light (narrow light) is easy to make people thin. Butterfly light, that is, the main light is placed directly in front of the face, projecting a nose shadow in line with the nose. The most successful application of butterfly lamp; It is used on the normal oval face, but it is considered as an attractive light, especially suitable for young women. Butterfly light is not suitable for men's faces, because it enhances the illumination on the subjects' ears, resulting in an indecent sense of prominence. For men, I usually use a single main light and reflected light to highlight the elegance of men. Or using two split lights can also add some mystery. But the following three kinds of light are rarely used in business portraits: window light, split light and ceiling reflected light. Window lamp: The commonly used narrow lamp is window lamp. It is often the combination of sunlight and supplementary flash that can make a natural, soft and low-tone portrait. The main body sits by the window; However, it is not direct sunlight. The auxiliary light (flash) is above or beside the camera, and its intensity is half that of the window light. If you use color film, pay attention to the color temperature of the auxiliary light. Beam splitting: the main light lamp moves to a considerable position behind the main body, so only half of the face is illuminated with strong light: this method is not commonly used, but its effect can produce a moderately dramatic low-tone effect. I often shoot some fashionable girls or other men and women with two main beams, which is very practical. Smallpox reflection: the advantage of this light is that it is particularly soft. It is a kind of slow reflection light, which is often suitable as auxiliary light and rarely used as main light alone. Just some changes in the three basic main lights. Of course, it is also possible to shoot portraits with only one kind of light, which is often used to achieve a special effect. But not suitable for children. Portrait photographers usually use a lot of lights to illuminate their subjects. Because no two photographers take pictures in exactly the same way, they should light up in an effective and consistent way when taking portraits. The arrangement order of various lamps can be: 1. Background light is used to be placed on a low shelf, in the middle of the subject's back, to help color separation between the subject and the background. 2. Main light: Generally speaking, it is placed at a position higher than the head of the main body and forms an angle of about 45 with the axis of the camera and the main body. The way to prove whether this lighting arrangement is appropriate is to pay attention to the reflective points of the eyes. From the position of the camera lens, these reflection points should be located on the left and right sides of the eyes, which depends on the direction of the subject's face. 3. Auxiliary light: placed near the camera lens, at the same height as the lens, on the other side of the main light. If the subject's smile line causes an indecent shadow, it may be because the light used is related to the distance between the camera and the subject. 4. Lighting: This is a small lamp, which usually shines above or behind the subject. When taking portraits, it is almost necessary. It can increase the details and layering of hair, and it is also an effective way to isolate the subject from the back. There are many lighting positions, but try to avoid shining on your face, because this will affect the whole picture, and adjust the light ratio to avoid affecting the color of your hair. 5. Background light: This kind of light is called corridor light, which can separate the main body from the back with the same tone. It can also increase the details of hair, and there will be dramatic portraits (used alone). We often say that this kind of light is called a silhouette photo. When using this light, we should pay attention to prevent it from shining on the nose of the subject, otherwise it may appear that the nose is abnormal. The use of indoor light: it also has great flexibility and imagination, but we should pay attention to its exposure accuracy. If you want to beautify the subject better, you should use light according to the appearance of the subject. The following are the lighting and camera arrangement methods for several special face shapes: defect correction method: forehead protruding: chin up, camera position down. Nose is too long: chin up, face straight to the camera, lower the main light and lower the camera position. Before the chin is thin: the chin is upturned. Baldness: lower the camera position, cover the head with a screen, and mix the tone of the head with the background without light. Nose sharpening: turning your face can improve the camera. Face is too wide: raise the camera position and turn the face to three-quarters position. Face-lifting: reduce the main light, astigmatism for wrinkles, reduce the main light, and adopt three-quarters posture. Double chin: Raise the main light, chin up and camera position up. Facial defects: placed in the shadow. Wind ear: hide the far ear behind your head, put the near ear in the shadow and take a silhouette instead. Wear glasses: slightly lift the frame so that the glasses face down, adjust the side fill light, and let the main body slightly raise or lower the bottom bar. Deep in the eyes: reduce the main light and use a lower light rate. Goldfish Eye: Let the subject look down and use short light. Fat body drive: use low-tone light, wear dark clothes, darken shoulders and body tones, and mix the background tones of body drive. The concrete steps of common indoor lighting: basic lighting method: the main light generally uses side light. Adjust the height of the main light to create a triangular shadow area on the face (extending down from the eye frame and ending at the side of the bottom of the nose). The auxiliary light is close to the camera, symmetrical with the main light, and the height is consistent with the camera. The ratio of main light to auxiliary light is 1: 3 to 1: 4. Background light, contour light, decorative light, etc. Should be determined according to needs. 2. Butterfly lighting method is suitable for shooting high-profile female portraits. The main light adopts advanced light, which is placed directly in front of the figure, forming a butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose of the figure, making the female portrait more charming and moving. Other lighting arrangements are consistent with the basic lighting method. When shooting female portraits with frontal light, the position of the main light is often put higher, so that a small projection is generated under the brow bone and nose of the figure, which not only covers the skin defects of the face with frontal light, but also produces an effective three-dimensional effect due to the projection. This method called butterfly lighting is very popular in female photography. However, it should be noted that the butterfly polishing method is not suitable for women whose faces are too thin or whose cheekbones are too high, otherwise their faces will become thin. Rembrandt lighting is often used to take low-key male portraits, which are mostly three-quarters of the front or side images. The main light is far away from the camera, so its shadow appears on the face of the subject facing the camera. The auxiliary light is on the same side as the main light, and its light ratio is about 1∶9. Choose a dark background to produce a low-key effect. 45 front light is widely used in portrait photography, which not only has a certain lighting area, but also makes the face have a concave-convex three-dimensional sense, and the tone levels and line outlines are more abundant. If the face is three-quarters of the side, the light from the other side illuminates the whole of one-quarter face and three-quarters of the face. This kind of lighting is a typical Rembrandt lighting method. This kind of light, combined with a dark background, will make the characters shine. Rembrandt's light method is mostly used in male images, showing a strong and resolute temperament.