Physics examination questions of Liuzhou Beihai college entrance examination in 2007

In 2007, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province took the physics examination paper for the senior high school entrance examination.

(The examination time is ***90 minutes, and the full score is 100).

The first volume (multiple choice questions, ***30 points)

1. Multiple choice questions (***30 points, 2 points for each small question. If there is only one option in each small question that meets the meaning of the question, the right one will be given 2 points, and the wrong one will be given 0 points. )

1, which can be detected by electroscope.

A, how much work has the current done b, the size of the current in the circuit

C, whether the object is charged D, the voltage across the circuit

2. When hitting a ball with a racket, there is interaction between the racket and the ball. If the ball is taken as the research object, the object of force application is

A, earth b, racket c, ball d, hand.

3, as shown in figure 1 of the four circuits connected correctly is

Figure 1

4, in the process of the following state changes, exothermic is

A, the water spilled on the ground is dry. The ice cubes added to the drink turned into water.

C, the water vapor in the air turns into fog D, and the filament of the incandescent lamp becomes thinner after long use.

In the following example, there are kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy.

A, the racing car is speeding on the horizontal track. B, the water players slide down rapidly from a height.

C. The piling machine will lift the heavy hammer d at a high place, and the bow will pull the string when it is ready to start.

6, electrical appliances with metal shell should use three hole socket, its purpose is to

A, when the contact between the live wire and the metal shell leads to leakage accident, it plays a protective role.

B, when an electric shock accident occurs, it can automatically cut off the circuit.

C, can prolong the service life of electrical appliances.

D, can make the voltage in the circuit more stable.

7. As shown in Figure 2, the power supply voltages of the two circuits are equal. When the switch S is closed and the slider P of the sliding rheostat moves to the left.

Answer: L 1 and L2 are very bright. B, L 1 have the same brightness, and L2 is bright.

C, L 1 brightness remains unchanged, L2 darkens D, L 1 brightens, and L2 darkens.

Figure 2

8. The resistance of a conductor has nothing to do with which of the following factors.

A, the material b of the conductor, the length c of the conductor, the cross-sectional area d of the conductor, and the voltage across the conductor.

9. As shown in Figure 3, when the switch S is closed, the voltage is 9V, and when the switch S is open, the voltage is 3 V.. Then the relationship between R 1 and R2 is

a、2R 1=R2 B、R 1=3 R2

c、R 1 =2R2 D、3R 1 = R2

10, the following are some data estimates made by a classmate, which are in line with the facts.

A. The length of a new "Zhonghua 2B" pencil is about 17.5mm B, and the current examination room temperature is about 50℃.

C the normal walking speed of middle school students is about1.2m/s d, and the weight of a middle school student is about 50N.

1 1. Of the following statements, the correct one is

An object with a low temperature must absorb less heat.

B, water with a mass of 5g and a temperature of 100℃ contains 2. 1× 104J of heat.

C, the object in the process of external work, constantly release internal energy.

D, in the process of heat transfer, the more heat an object absorbs or emits, the greater its internal energy changes.

12. An object is suspended in a certain liquid. If some water is added to the solution, the object will sink. This shows that

A, solution density is greater than water density b, and solution density is less than water density.

C, after adding water, the volume of the solution that displaces the object remains unchanged, and the buoyancy remains unchanged.

An object sinks because the increased water increases the pressure on it.

13, there are the following examples: ① the electric fan is working; ② Sucking drinks through straws; ③ Refrigerator refrigeration; (4) The clothes are hung by the sucker hook. Among them, the use of atmospheric pressure is

a、①③ B、②④ C、①④ D、②③

14, as shown in Figure 4, is a schematic diagram of prying spikes with spikes. When the resistance F2 of spike to spike pry is 4000N, the minimum force required to pry spike is F 1 (excluding spike pry weight).

a、20N B、200N C、2000N D、20000N

15. For the circuit shown in Figure 5, when the slider of the sliding rheostat moves to the far left after the switch S is closed, the reading of the ammeter is 0.6A, and the reading of the voltmeter is 6V; When the slider of the sliding rheostat moves to the extreme right, the ammeter indicates 0. 1A, and the voltmeter indicates1v. In the following analysis and judgment, the mistake is

The resistance of a and r is 10ω.

B when the left end of the sliding rheostat moves to the right, the voltmeter displays 2V.

The maximum power consumed by this circuit is 3.6W

D when the voltage is 3V, the power consumed by the sliding rheostat is1w.

Volume 2 (multiple choice questions, ***70 points)

Fill in the blanks (***24 points, 65438+ 0 points for each blank. Please write the answer directly in the blank space of the horizontal line in the question)

16, the phenomenon that different substances contact each other and transform into each other is called _ _ _ _ _ _; Liquid and solid are difficult to be compressed, indicating that there is _ _ _ _ _ force between molecules.

17. For the solidified electromagnet, we can control the parent magnetic strength of the electromagnet by changing the size of _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Electromagnetic relay is a kind of switch that uses _ _ _ _ _ _ to control the circuit on and off.

18, the ship is driving at a constant speed on the calm lake, and the passengers sitting in the cabin are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. If the ship travels within 10 minutes 1800 meters, the passenger's speed relative to the lake is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

19, Mr. Li rode an electric car on the straight, turned off the power and didn't brake. The car moved on because of _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and finally stopped because of the power of _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

20. There is a light bulb connected to a 220V household circuit, and normal lighting consumes 30h power 1.8Kw? H, the rated power of this light bulb _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ W, and the normal working current of the light bulb is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A.

2 1. Put your finger on the radio speaker (horn) that is playing music, and feel that the speaker is running in _ _ _ _ _. In the 100 meter race, Xiao Ming, who was timing at the finish line, first saw the starting gun smoking, and then heard the gunshots. This is because the speed of sound in the air is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

22. a bottle of "Lu Hua" brand peanut oil marked 5L( 1L= 10-3m3)d, with a density of 0.94×103/m3 and a mass of _ _ _ _. This bottle of peanut oil is used for.

23. Household appliances should be stopped for a period of time after continuous use for a long time. This is for _ _ _ _ _. The watt-hour meter should be installed on the _ _ _ _ _ of the household circuit.

24. When waiting in line, if you see a classmate in front blocking everyone in front, just queue up. This can be explained by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The scene shown in Figure 6 shows that when you reflect the light path, it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

25. A metal block with a weight of 18N and a volume of 0.6dm3 is immersed in water, and its buoyancy is _ _ _ _ _ n; If the metal block sinks 1m in the water until the bottom of the pool is still, its pressure on the bottom of the pool _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n；; In the process of sinking, the work of metal rapid rework is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ J. (g =10n/kg).

26. Connect the small bulb L 1 marked with "3V 1.5W" and the small bulb L2 with rated voltage of 6V in parallel to the power supply. L 1 normal light, L2 is dark. At this time, the total current of the main circuit is1.1a.

(1) L 1 The normal luminous current _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A；; The resistance value of L2 is _ _ _ _ _ ω.

(2) If L 1 and L2 are connected in series to another adjustable power supply, the maximum power of L2 is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ W.

Third, the experimental inquiry questions (***24 questions, 27 questions, 28 questions and 29 questions are empty 1 minute, 30 questions and 3 1 question are 6 points each)

27. The dynamometer is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _; In the laboratory, _ _ _ _ _ _ is often used to measure the temperature of liquid; As shown in Figure 7, the voltage representation number is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ V; In order to reduce _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

After understanding electromagnetism, Xiaohua designed two devices, A and B, as shown in Figure 8.

(1) In order to explore the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, Xiaohua should choose _ _ _ _ _ _ device to carry out experiments.

(2) When Xiaohua chose device A to explore relevant knowledge, he did the following operations: ① Let the straight line ab stand still in the magnetic field; ② Let lead ab move left and right in the magnetic field; (3) Let lead ab slowly move up and down in the vertical direction. Among them, it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (Fill in serial number)

(3) If in the experiment of device B, when the switch is closed, it is found that the straight line ab moves to the left. If you want the ab line to move to the left, the measures you take are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; In this experiment, electric energy is converted into _ _ _ _ _ _ _ energy.

29, in the experiment to explore the law of convex lens imaging:

The number of experiments

Vertical or inverted to reduce or enlarge the real image or virtual image.

1 Reverses and restores the real image

Inverted images and other real images

3. Inverted amplification of real images

4 vertically enlarge the virtual image

(1) There are four types of equipment: convex lens, candle, light curtain and match, and the equipment that needs to be supplemented is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) The right table is Xiao Cong's experimental record. In the _ _ _ _ _ th experiment, the distance from the candle to the convex lens is between 1 focal length and 2 focal length; The camera was made according to the imaging characteristics of the first experiment.

(3) If, on the basis of the third experiment, the position of the candle and the light screen is kept unchanged, and the convex lens between them is moved to a certain distance in the direction of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, a bright and clear image can appear on the light screen. (Fill in "candle" or "light curtain")

30, in the experiment of measuring resistance with voltmeter and ammeter:

(1) In this experiment, according to the law of _ _ _ _ _, the voltage across the resistor is measured with a voltmeter, and the current through the resistor is measured with an ammeter, so as to find out the resistance. This method is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Before doing the experiment, you should choose the equipment and know _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ..

(2) After the circuit is connected, close the switch, and the ammeter pointer deflects as shown in Figure 9, because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) After correcting the error, the measured data are shown in the following table. Please fill in the correct values in the blanks in the table below.

Number of experiments voltage U/V current I/A resistance R/ω resistance R average value/ω

1 4.8 6.0

2 5.5 0.9 6. 1

3 6.4 1. 1 5.8

3 1. In the experiment of measuring the efficiency of pulley block, students use the experimental device as shown in figure 10 to complete the experiment. The following table shows the experimental records of the two experimental groups:

Hook code weight of experimental group G/N moving pulley weight G//N pulling force F/N pulley block mechanical efficiency η

1 2 0.3 1. 1 60.6℅

2 2 0.4 1.2

(1) Write down the value of mechanical efficiency in the blank space of the table;

(2) By analyzing the above experimental data, it can be concluded that the main factor affecting the mechanical efficiency of pulley block is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) After completing the experiment, Xiao Cong guessed that the mechanical efficiency of the pulley block may also be related to the weight of the hook. Please design an experimental scheme to explore this conjecture and ask for a short experimental step.

Experimental steps:

Third, drawing questions (***4 points, 2 points for each small question)

32.( 1) As shown in figure 1 1, the weight of the ball on the horizontal ground is 6N. Please draw a schematic diagram of its gravity.

(2) As shown in Figure 12, the left end of the energized solenoid is N-pole. Please mark the current direction in the solenoid and the N pole of the small magnetic needle in the picture.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Questions and answers (4 points)

33. Xiaoming's watt-hour meter is marked with "220V 10A", and the total power of household appliances is 1300W. When all electrical appliances are working, can you install a 1 100W air conditioner for use at the same time? Please tell me the reason.

Comprehensive application problems of intransitive verbs (14, question 34, question 6, question 35, question 8). Note: When answering questions, it is required to write the necessary text description, calculation formula and important calculus steps. I only wrote the final answer, not the main calculus process. The answer must be clearly written in numbers and units)

34. As shown in Figure 13, cement slabs are often used to lay ditches. This cement board is 1.8m long, 0.9m wide and 0.2m high.

(1) When the crane lifts the cement slab at a uniform speed, the tension used is 7 128N. Assuming that the density of cement board is uniform, find its density.

(2) According to the requirement that the long side of the cement board is perpendicular to the two parallel sides of the ditch, the width of the ditch is known as 1.0m, and the pressure of the cement board on the surface of the ditch is calculated.

35. The rated voltage of electric shower is 220V, and the water tank is filled with 50㎏ water. When the water was normally electrified for 50 minutes, it was observed that the temperature indicator on the shower rose from 20℃ to 46.4℃.

(1) What is the heat absorbed by water when heating? C water =4.2× 103J/(Kg? ℃)

(2) If the heat generated by the heating resistor in the shower is absorbed by 84% water, what is the resistance of the heating resistor? What is the current of the working circuit?

(3) Please tell the reason of heat loss and put forward relevant suggestions to reduce heat loss.

[Reference answer]

First, multiple choice questions

The title is12345678 91012131415.

Answer C B A C B A C D A C D A B B D

Second, fill in the blanks

16, diffusion repulsion 17, current electromagnet 18, static 3.

19, inertia resistance 20,600.27 21,slow (small) vibration.

22, 4.7 0.94 23, heat dissipation trunk 24, straight-line propagation of light is reversible.

25、6 12 18 26、0.5 5 1.25

Third, the experimental questions

27, dynamometer thermometer 65438 plus or minus 0.5 error

28.( 1) A (2) ② (3) Exchange the mechanical energy of the magnetic pole (or change the current direction).

29. (1) ruler (or optical bench or ruler) (2)3 1 (3) light curtain.

30.( 1) Ohmic Voltammetry Range (2) The ammeter is connected to a small range (or the current in the circuit is too large, etc.). )

(3)0.8 6

3 1, (1)55.6℅ (2) Weight of moving pulley

(3) Experimental steps

① Form a pulley block, keep the pulley block combination unchanged, change the hook weight, and measure the mechanical efficiency of each time.

② Compare their mechanical efficiency and draw a conclusion.

Third, drawing questions

32, omitted