Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography and portraiture - How to use large aperture and small aperture
How to use large aperture and small aperture
How to use large aperture and small aperture? First understand what "small aperture" and "large aperture" are.
The "aperture" is like a window. At the same time (that is, the time when the shutter is open), the bigger the window, the more light it can absorb, so that the photo will become brighter, and the reason is easy to understand.
On the camera, "large aperture" refers to adjusting the aperture to a position with "small numbers", such as f/ 1.4, f/2.8, f/4, etc. The smaller the number, the larger the aperture; The larger the number, the smaller the aperture, that is, the "window" will become smaller, and there is not much light that can be inhaled. The number and aperture size are just the opposite, so be sure to pay attention!
After knowing what aperture is and how to adjust it, let's take a look at the effect of using different aperture sizes!
On the left is the large aperture (f/1.4); On the right is the small aperture (f/ 16).
The effect of using a small aperture
If you use "small aperture" (such as f/ 1 1, f/ 16, f/22, etc. ), it will have the following effects:
1. Reduce the incoming light, which can slow down the shutter and capture the time. Examples include shooting running water, car tracks, star tracks, light and shadow graffiti, etc.
2. Let the light spots become scattered, which is light;
3. The depth of field becomes deeper, and the background or foreground outside the focus subject is not easy to blur and can be kept clear.
Generally speaking, we can use a small aperture when shooting landscapes, night scenes assisted by tripods, lighting, keeping the foreground and background clear, or when the sun is shining/the light source is sufficient.
A small aperture (f/ 14) can make the sunlight more prominent and keep the foreground and background within the depth of field.
When shooting night scenes with a tripod, a small aperture of f/8- 1 1 is usually used to keep the scene within the depth of field, and this value is often the best aperture for lens imaging.
The effect of using a large aperture
And large aperture (like f/ 1.4, f/ 1.8, f/2.8, etc. ) will have the following effects:
1. Under the same shutter time, the large aperture allows more light to enter the camera, thus increasing the exposure and brightening the photo;
2. Curing time: Because the incident light increases, the shutter can be changed quickly, so that the fast-moving object can be "cured";
3. Shallow depth of field: This may be one of the very useful uses of large aperture-shallow depth of field makes the focused subject stand out from the background;
We also use large aperture when shooting portraits, shallow depth of field, or hand-held shooting in dark environment.
Hand-held shooting in low light environment, large aperture and high ISO can keep the photos clear.
A large aperture can create a photo with a shallow depth of field and make the subject stand out.
To consider what aperture to use
Ok, so how do we decide what aperture to use when shooting? The following are the steps that the author will think about in his mind when shooting. You can understand slowly. If necessary, please read it several times to understand the meaning of w:
(Assuming shooting in "Aperture Priority" mode (A mode), the lens is a kit lens of 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6. )
1. See the scenery/object you want to shoot and find the right angle/composition.
2. Depth of field selection: Do I want a shallow depth of field? Or should I make it all clear? The former prefers to use a large aperture (f/3.5), while the latter prefers to use a small aperture (f/8 or higher).
3. Handheld tripod: If you hold a tripod, the shutter must not be lower than the "safety shutter" (1/ focal length). Increasing the aperture can make the shutter faster.
4. Will the scenery move? If the scene moves, the shutter speed must be increased, and a large aperture will help.
5. Is there enough light? If there is enough light, you can use a large aperture or a small aperture, but use a large aperture, provided that the shutter still does not exceed the range of the fastest shutter of the camera (such as 1/4000s or 1/8000s).
6. After considering 2-5 points comprehensively, determine how small the ISO is according to the shutter speed. If the shutter is too slow at the set aperture, ISO must be improved.
Whether to use a large aperture or a small aperture depends on many factors. You must shoot more actual combat before pressing the shutter every time to make a confident decision.
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