Travel around the role experience

1949 65438+ 10, at the beginning of the peaceful liberation of Beiping, Zhou You served as the director of the press and publication department of the Beiping Military Control Committee. Subsequently, the Beiping Municipal People's Government was established, and Zhou You served as the first director of the press and publication office of the Beijing Municipal People's Government at that time and thereafter.

Before liberation, Zhou You worked as a war correspondent in the Beiping peace talks and was the editor of Children's Daily of the Eighth Route Army. Later, he served as the leader of the military report group in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region led by Commander Nie, and wrote the famous battle report "The Battle of Songzhuang in Central Hebei". He studied in the Department of Journalism in yenching university, Beiping. His excellent work The Battle of Song and Zhuang in Central Hebei received a great response after the publication of Children's Daily, and his journalistic talent gradually emerged. After Zhou You was appointed as the military representative, he was responsible for taking over Bao Dao, a newspaper run by the Kuomintang in Peiping during World War II. 1942. After taking over the job, Zhou You rushed to the World Journal to take over the job. World Daily was the largest and most influential newspaper in Peiping at that time, second only to North China Daily, the organ newspaper of the Kuomintang, and the last newspaper in Peiping. Because the takeover work is more complicated than other newspapers, including the inventory and receipt of property, and the handling of outstanding matters between the original newspaper and employees and employers, the leaders selected experienced news cadres who studied journalism and had been engaged in journalism for a long time in the liberated areas. At that time, Zhou You always wore a single military cap, thin clothes, an old cotton military coat and a pair of long cotton gloves around his neck. People simply can't see that he is an "international student". When I first met him, some people thought he was about 50, but in fact he was not yet 35.

At that time, the central people's government had not been established, the General Administration of Press and Publication had not been established, and there was no information office to learn from in the liberated cities. Beiping is an ancient cultural capital. After the people's government's brand was put up, many news and publication management problems that should have been solved by the government came to you one after another, and these problems were very policy-oriented and sensitive. If it is not handled properly, it will have a bad influence on the liberated areas and even foreign countries. At that time, although the Information Office was directly under the general office of the municipal government, many things required Zhou You to make a trip in person and report directly to Hu Qiaomu and other comrades for instructions, so it was common for him to go back to the dormitory at one or two o'clock in the evening. Comrade Liu, who lives in the same hospital as Zhou You, is often awakened by his knocking at the door.

Going on a business trip to various places to do leadership work is by no means to draw a line for everyone, but to pay attention to reality and timely convey the instructions of the central and municipal leaders and the background materials of the development of the situation to everyone, so that every comrade can give full play to the needs of the situation and carry out his work creatively. This is why news reports and news publishing management spread rapidly and achieved remarkable results shortly after the establishment of the Information Office.

After the newspaper took over the work, Zhou You stopped the broadcasts of Kuomintang military friends radio station, Minsheng radio station and China radio station in Peiping in lightning speed, and took over all the broadcasts in one day, so that all the telegrams sent from Peiping were in the hands of the people on the eve of the announcement by the Central People's Government.

Under the care of the superior leaders, Zhou You and relevant comrades explored a set of methods for news release agencies of government agencies and press and publication administrative departments from scratch, which provided practical experience for the press and publication administrative departments after the founding of the People's Republic of China. As early as the People's Liberation Army entered the city, in view of the characteristics of numerous newspapers and periodicals in the past, the Beijing Military Commission promulgated the Measures for the Registration of Newspapers and Periodicals. This is the first written order on newspaper registration issued by the people's government after our party entered a big city. Since this was promulgated in the name of "Beiping Military Management Committee", naturally the Information Office of Beijing Municipal People's Government became the first "law enforcement" organ in China to register newspapers and periodicals.

Establish a "press secretary" system

While carrying out administrative management, the Information Office also attaches great importance to getting cadres out of the office, publicizing, educating and mobilizing their own work objectives and carrying out their work. While checking that there are no bad books, the Information Office also guides the small booksellers in Liulichang and Polishing Factory to invest in publishing new books and good books. For this reason, the Information Office set up a public-private New Popular Publishing House Co., Ltd., with Zhou You as the chairman and Wang, Zhang Rong, Miao and Zou Ya as the editorial board, and organized some painters of Beijing New Chinese Painting Research Association to engage in the creation of new cartoons.

At that time, the Information Office led by Zhou You had a news release section, which was responsible for the propaganda and reporting tasks of the Beijing Municipal People's Government. Each municipal bureau has established a "press secretary" system, and the press secretary is responsible for providing news clues to various departments, receiving interviews from newspaper reporters and writing news releases for the department. At the same time, the Information Office appoints a special person to contact all departments. This system and method of news release and reporting by government agencies was first implemented in Beijing among all government departments in China. The Information Office edits the news reports collected by municipal units into "municipal press releases" every day and sends them to newspapers in Beijing and Tianjin. When newspapers are adopted, they are generally marked with the words "Municipal Information Office". The press release is finalized by Comrade Lu, and important manuscripts need to be sent to Comrade Zhou You for approval. At that time, there were several news articles marked with the above words on the newspaper pages in Beijing and Tianjin every day. One evening, the Information Office received an urgent dispatch from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which was a thank-you letter from all representatives from all walks of life in Beijing 12 District to Chairman Mao for the completion of Longxugou. There is an instruction at the beginning of the manuscript: "Qiao Mu: Send it to the Municipal Information Office for publication." Sign "Mao Zedong" at the back. After receiving this instruction, all comrades in the department were greatly encouraged and immersed in excitement for many days. Because we can know from the instructions that Chairman Mao once read the press release of the Information Office, the "Municipal Information Office" was deeply impressed in his mind.

In addition to writing articles and reporting on Beijing's work, the Information Office led by Zhou You has also made greater efforts to provide services for journalists from local and foreign newspapers and mobilized journalists from various newspapers to write this newspaper to report on Beijing's work. A large number of journalists visit the press office almost every day. At that time, Peng Zigang, Feng Zhong, Lu, Wang Jigang, Chen, Pan Jingyuan, Wang Hong, Ding Huichuan and other comrades who were active in the news front were all guests here. In their eyes, the information office is like their "home for journalists". Usually it is comrades who are interviewed by newspaper reporters. With Comrade Zhou You around, everyone is more interested in talking. It is precisely because of the close relationship with the reporters of various newspapers that many important events in the early days of Beijing's liberation, especially after the large-scale municipal engineering construction was rolled out, can mobilize the strength of various newspapers and publicize them from all angles and directions in various forms such as writing, photography and news documentaries. Although Beijing's financial resources, material resources, construction technology, machinery and equipment, and project scale were not as good as now, the people's experience of the municipal construction policy of "serving the working people, production and construction, and serving the capital" was very profound.

Willing to be a staff member of CPPCC

The office of the Information Office of Beiping Municipal People's Government was located in five halls in front of the West Flower Hall in Zhongnanhai, and the dormitory was arranged in a group of buildings near the north gate of the swimming pool in Zhongnanhai. Compared with Beichi, the living place is much more spacious. People no longer sleep on the ground, but everyone has a bed board, and everyone is satisfied. At ordinary times, everyone does not leave the two big yards, Xihuating and Zhongnanhai. As a director, he runs around and lives with everyone. At that time, I went back to the dormitory after dinner, and there was no TV to amuse myself. The only activity is chatting. Traveling around without leadership, uninvited every night, casually strung around in several rooms of the dormitory, and being in harmony with his comrades.

1In September, 949, representatives of various democratic parties gathered in Beiping to hold the "New CPPCC" and organize the Central People's Government. At that time, Comrade Zhou You was appointed as "Director of Information Office of Beiping Municipal People's Government" and was awarded the title of "Bureau-level". However, in order to let everyone know about this important historical event that is about to happen, he volunteered to serve in the CPPCC General Assembly and became an ordinary staff member. Every night when he returns to the dormitory from Huairentang, he always conveys the important news of the conference to the comrades in the Information Office in time to share with you. Comrades in the information office should know earlier than ordinary units that the conference will discuss the common program, determine the national flag and national anthem, and make various major events, such as making Beijing its capital. Once back, Zhou You said, "I met General Fu today. He walked up to Chairman Mao with an armed general. His body was straight and his boots touched the ground. He stood at attention and saluted Chairman Mao. Many people were surprised at the meeting. The general who was originally introduced is General Dong, who recently rebelled in Suiyuan. " This little tidbit made everyone deeply realize that Fu and Dong, two senior Kuomintang generals, were completely impressed and respected by China and Chairman Mao. In those days, no matter how late you wait, you have to listen to his wonderful Observation of the Day before you want to fall asleep.

When Comrade Nie was the mayor of Beijing, sometimes the work reports of the Beijing municipal government at various people's congresses were drafted by Comrade Zhou You. After accepting the task, he asked the following comrades to help him collect materials, but he was in no hurry. In the evening, he listens to the radio and plays cards. He didn't start writing until the night before handing in his paper, but by the early morning of the next day, he would finish the task on time. But this is bitter for his comrades who type for him, and he is very nervous every time.

Zhou You is very frank and generous with his comrades, and he can tell everyone his criticism of the leader without hesitation. When the Beijing Municipal Committee decided to organize the Beijing Daily, he returned to his dormitory one night and immediately told everyone about the decision. Zhou You said that when Comrade Peng Zhen called him today, the first sentence was: "Comrade Zhou You, if only your name could be changed to' Zhou Ding'. I entrust you with the preparation of running a newspaper this time. I can only do well, not do badly. " Travel to tell you, I didn't expect Comrade Peng Zhen to feel so deeply about the following cadres. Obviously, Zhou You agreed with the leadership's warning to him.

After the founding of New China, the Party and the government need to publicize the Party's principles and policies through newspapers and promote the implementation of various policies. However, after the Liberation Daily in Peiping stopped publishing, the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China did not have its own organ newspaper, which could not meet the needs of work. At the beginning of 1950, the municipal party Committee decided to establish the municipal party Committee newspaper and made a report to the CPC Central Committee. Considering that there was a private Xinmin Daily in Beijing at that time, in order to avoid duplication, the municipal party committee decided to name it Beijing Evening News. With the approval of the CPC Central Committee, the Beijing Municipal Committee formally established the Beijing Evening News Preparatory Office in March 195 1, appointed Zhou You, director of the Municipal Government Information Office, Luo Lin, secretary-general of the Municipal Party Committee's Policy Research Office, and Zhang Qihua, head of the Xinmin Daily Preparatory Office, and entrusted Liao Mosha to guide the preparations for the party newspaper.

The first step in the preparatory work is to mobilize cadres and establish institutions. The basic sources of cadres in the preparatory office of Beijing Evening News are: the Policy Research Office of the Municipal Party Committee and the Information Office of the Municipal Government. People from these places are the backbone of the staff of the preparatory office, but the number is very small. Most of them are dropouts transferred from universities and some high schools in Beijing by the Organization Department of the Municipal Party Committee, and a few are transferred from various units in this city. In this way, there are more than 50 editors in the preparatory office. During the preparation of Beijing Evening News, the training of news team is mainly to cultivate the political quality and news business ability of party newspaper editors and reporters, so pay close attention to study, and the main task of staff is to study. Studying the basic theory of Marxism-Leninism and current affairs policies, mainly the situation and policies in Beijing, was mostly done by Zhou You himself, and he attached great importance to it. The political level and professional ability of newspaper staff have improved rapidly.

1952 In March, the Beijing Municipal Committee decided to change the planned Beijing Evening News into Beijing Daily. This decision is directly related to the Beijing Municipal Government's acquisition of the private property of Xinmin Daily at this time. After Xinmin Daily was changed to a public-private partnership, its manager Deng Jixing requested that Xinmin Daily be nationalized. Upon the decision of Beijing Municipal Committee, on March 27th, Beijing Municipal Government acquired the private shares of Beijing Xinmin Daily, which was taken over by the Beijing Evening News Preparatory Office. Most of the personnel, property and equipment of Xinmin Daily were incorporated into the Beijing Evening News Preparation Office. Therefore, the Beijing Evening News Preparatory Office took over Xinmin Daily and prepared to publish Beijing Daily.

On May 3rd, 1952, all the staff of the former Beijing Evening News Preparatory Office moved from Suzhou Hutong125th to Xinmin Daily, No.72, West Chang 'an Street. Since then, the internal leaders, institutions and personnel of the newspaper have also been adjusted accordingly, and Zhou You and Luo Lin are in charge of the newspaper. On May 22nd, Beijing Daily began a trial edition, with four editions and eight editions.

1April, 952 14, Zhou You, as the head of the preparatory office of Beijing Daily, wrote a letter to Peng Zhen about the establishment of the newspaper, when Peng Zhen was not at home. Zhou You said in his letter that the official publication date of Beijing Daily is expected after Peng Zhen returns to Beijing. He also said that the original issue was scheduled for May 1, which was too early. The comrades in the editorial department heard the news of the publication on May 1 and said, "We have been preparing for a long time and are in a hurry to fight". The letter also hoped that Peng Zhen could ask President Mao Zedong to write a headline for Jinghua Daily. On April 6th, 5438+05, Peng Zhen gave instructions on the publication of Beijing Daily in his travel letter. This is an instruction for Zhou You, Deng Tuo and Liao Mosha. The instructions said: "The title can be inscribed by the chairman. Don't wait for me when the newspaper is published. As for fighting, running a newspaper always needs to be done every day. We must be prepared to ensure a hasty response. This requires newspaper comrades to pay attention to ideology, politics and policies, grasp the situation well, and always grasp the current central tasks and ideas. I hope that newspaper comrades will strengthen their own strength in this regard. Please consider the publication date. "

On May 24th, 1952, Beijing Daily wrote to President Mao Zedong, asking for a headline. The original letter reads as follows:

Chairman:

Beijing Daily will be published on June 1 day. When Comrade Peng Zhen told us that the chairman allowed us to write the word "Beijing Daily", all the comrades in the newspaper were in high spirits and excited. We are all determined to run the party newspaper in Beijing well in return for the party's concern for the newspaper.

We are sending you two samples of the trial issue of Beijing Daily. The inscription on the header is a combination of the chairman's inscriptions from other aspects. We know that there are regulations in the central government, and official newspapers are not allowed to do so.

Our trial version will not be released to the public, so we will temporarily install these four words and study our layout. The publication of newspapers is just around the corner. We implore the chairman to take time out of his busy schedule to write these four words for the newspaper. If possible, I hope to write the title before May 27th and send it to Beijing Daily, No.72, West Chang 'an Avenue, Beijing.

Please accept the deep gratitude and high respect of all the comrades in Beijing Daily.

On that day, President Mao Zedong wrote a headline for Beijing Daily. At the end of August, Jin Fan, then deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Tianjin Municipal Committee and editor-in-chief of Tianjin Daily, was transferred to Beijing Daily to take charge of the preparatory work of Beijing Daily together with Zhou You, and the conditions for running Beijing Daily became more and more mature. From September 27th to 29th, Xinmin Daily published the announcement of the founding of Beijing Daily and the announcement of the final issue of Beijing Xinmin Daily. Xinmin Daily ceased publication on September 29th 1952, and Beijing Daily 10/952 started publication on October 9th. Jin Fan served as the first president of Beijing Daily, and Zhou You became the first vice president and editor-in-chief of Beijing Daily.