What are the elements of film and television editing and how to deal with them?

The result of various movements inside and outside the lens is a direct sense of movement. This dynamic effect is the most basic factor to be considered when editing. It comes not only from the objective objects, but also from the choice of photographers and the arrangement of editors. It is the product of the combination of objectivity and subjectivity. Specifically, that factor that make up the screen motion can be divided into three category:

1. The movement of the subject refers to the movement of people or things in the picture. Once people or natural objects enter the TV screen, they will show a new sense of form. It is no longer a natural form of movement, because it is limited by the plane frame, and the direction, speed and trajectory of movement are influenced by the four sides of the screen. Moreover, there are various forms of subject activities, such as the subject in the picture is static, the subject in the picture is moving, the subject in the picture is painted on the picture, and the subject in the picture is blocked by the foreground, which may affect the judgment of the position of the splicing point. At the same time, the performance of the main action of the screen is mostly a combination of omitted actions. It is an important aspect of film and television editing to choose the most suitable points, that is, different connection points in the process of action or movement, to produce the consistency of action.

2. The motion of the camera refers to the sense of motion brought by the motion of the camera to the picture. The speed, direction, way and subjectivity of lens movement have an influence on the audience's visual feeling and narrative significance. Moreover, the camera motion is not consistent with the subject motion in direction or speed, which makes how to realize the internal harmony and external fluency of the camera motion become a problem that is often considered when editing.

3. Motion produced by lens connection This motion effect is determined by the lens connection mode, especially the lens switching frequency. For example, lens 1 lush forest (foreground), lens 2 forest part (small panorama) and lens 3 cabin in the forest (panorama) are basically static, but they are connected together, which makes the audience feel closer to the forest gradually.

From the movement form, the lens can be divided into fixed lens and moving lens, in which whether the lens moves or not, the main body of the picture may be moving or static. Therefore, there are many possibilities for the combination of static and dynamic relations in the connection of upper and lower lenses. "Motion and motion" and "stillness and stillness" are conducive to maintaining visual harmony in lens connection, but in some special cases, "motion and stillness" or "stillness and motion" can also be logically connected. Because the picture of the fixed lens itself is motionless, the main consideration when connecting the upper and lower lenses is the main action and modeling factors. "Static connection, static connection" has two meanings: one is the connection between static objects, the other is the connection between static actions (including instantaneous static). If the upper and lower lens bodies in the fixed lens are moving, the "moving in the middle" mode can be adopted according to the continuity of the motion connection.

If the action shot adopts the method of "static connection and static connection", that is, the former shot is cut on a left picture and the latter shot is used before the action, then the connection will be more calm and steady.

In general, the connection between the moving lens and the fixed lens is mostly handled in the way of "static connection and static connection", because from the visual coherence effect, it is difficult to connect the moving lens with the static fixed lens. Therefore, when the moving lens is connected with the fixed lens, only by using the dynamic potential and emotional rhythm of the subject's movement can the harmony and unity of the lens connection be maintained.