Basic requirements of photographic composition

Basic requirements of photographic composition

Basic requirements of photographic composition. In daily life, many people like photography. Photography can record the beauty of our lives, and photographic composition is very important. Then I will take you to know the basic requirements of photographic composition in detail.

The basic requirement of photographic composition is that the picture structure of 1 should be concise and clear.

1. In order to let readers know the content at a glance as soon as they touch the picture and enjoy the aesthetic feeling, it is necessary to pay attention to: the picture should be concise. Insist that a painting reflects a typical fact or content or situation; A set of TV cameras can only reflect the typical process of a certain fact. Photos and TV pictures are good, not multi-center and multi-clue; If the scene is complex and everything is available, simplicity cannot be achieved. Therefore, the characteristic of photographic composition is the law of subtraction.

Photographic composition is an artistic choice, which uses framing to "draw boundaries for nature without boundaries". The mission of art is to make choices in the kingdom of beauty. Photographic composition is to "frame" a range with a view frame. The photographic object is not naturally drawn. Only when we select, refine and summarize with the view frame can we "separate" beautiful pictures from the natural clutter.

Therefore, the choice of composition is actually that the photographer is staring at the subject on the one hand and desperately avoiding the unnecessary images that hinder the subject on the other. This selection method in the view frame follows the "subtraction" rule. It should be said that the beauty of photographic pictures-simplicity, clarity and concentration-is bought by "avoiding", "giving up" and "hiding". This "subtraction" runs through the whole process of photographic composition. In order to make the picture simple and clear, we must be cruel to get rid of the useless and try our best to keep the useful.

2, the picture should be clear. It is very important to influence whether the conception of the picture is clear and whether the subject is bright and prominent. Therefore, in the main performance, we must use composition and modeling efforts. If the subject is arranged in the visual center of the picture, it should occupy a certain area; The relationship between subject and companion on the screen should be harmonious and coordinated; Clear outline and clear organization are important conditions for a clear picture.

3, the picture should be a little angry. Is that the picture should have a living feeling and performance. If the composition is concise but not vivid, the audience will be visually tired and listless when they see the picture. So I think the composition of the characters must be affectionate and sacred; Landscape composition should have a little artistic conception and natural beauty; Still life and advertising photography composition are indispensable interests. Any photographic picture, if it can't give readers beautiful enjoyment and satisfy their psychology of seeking differences in framing and composition, is not a good photographic picture-just like news has no news value.

The basic requirement of photographic composition is 2 1, highlighting the main body. People are the main object to be represented in portrait painting and an important part of the picture. It is not only the center of the picture content, but also the center of the picture structure. Other scenery should surround it, echo it and form a whole. On the screen, we can highlight the theme through the comparison between big and small, whole and local, far and near, deep and shallow.

The subject on the right is more prominent.

The image on the right is very good

2, the picture should be complete. The so-called picture integrity does not simply keep the image of the subject complete and comprehensive, but means that the picture can completely express the author's shooting intention, fully reveal the nature of the subject, and make people fully accept the theme of the photo.

The specific requirements for the integrity of the picture should be to pay attention to the typicality of the image in terms of conception, framing, light use and instant capture. Through the representation of typical forms, typical environments and typical moments, we can reflect the whole picture of the characters in a limited picture and show the internal integrity of things. Another requirement of picture integrity is that the picture form should be complete in expression. It is mainly to correctly and completely handle the position of the subject in the picture, so that the subject image has a more complete expressive force.

3. The layout should be balanced. Balance is a kind of human visual feeling. Seeing the balanced and stable scenery, people's visual experience is more comfortable and stable; Instead, it feels awkward and uncomfortable. However, the balance of layout does not mean that the picture is used evenly, and the main body is placed in the center of the picture and arranged symmetrically. Although this arrangement is ordinary, the picture will lose its lively atmosphere, but it will appear monotonous and dull. The equalization of composition will bring endless changes to the picture.

4. The form should be vivid. The vividness of composition means that the picture should be changed, not rigid, and meet the requirements of human visual beauty. Human life itself is changeable and colorful. Colorful not only refers to the entity itself, but also includes factors such as light, color and background. Vivid composition is to mobilize all factors that can cause aesthetic feeling.

What is the basic principle of photographic composition? The basic principles of photographic composition: balance and symmetry, contrast and viewpoint.

1, balance and symmetry

Balance and symmetry are the basis of composition, and their main functions are to stabilize the picture. Balance and symmetry are not a concept, but they have internal identity-stability. The sense of stability is a visual habit and aesthetic concept formed by human beings in their long-term observation of nature. Therefore, all plastic arts that conform to this aesthetic concept can produce aesthetic feeling, while those that violate this principle will look uncomfortable. Equilibrium and symmetry are not average, but a logical proportional relationship. Although the average value is stable, it lacks change. Without change, there is no aesthetic feeling, so the most taboo of composition is that the picture is evenly distributed. Symmetry has a strong sense of stability, and symmetry can make the picture feel solemn, solemn and harmonious. For example, ancient Chinese architecture is a model of symmetry, but relative to symmetry and balance, the change of balance is far greater than symmetry. Therefore, although symmetry is an important principle of composition, there are fewer opportunities for practical application, and you will feel the same way if you use it more.

2. About comparison

Clever contrast can not only enhance the artistic appeal, but also clearly reflect and sublimate the theme. Comparative composition is to highlight the theme and strengthen the theme. There are various contrasts and ever-changing, but they are similar. We can draw the following conclusions:

The first is the comparison of modeling. Such as: big and small, tall and short, old and young, fat and thin, thick and thin.

The second is the contrast of colors. Such as: deep and shallow, cold and warm, bright and dark, black and white.

The third is the contrast between ash and ash. Such as: deep and shallow, bright and dark, etc.

3. About opinions

Viewpoint composition is to attract the audience's attention to the center of the picture. Viewpoint is the name of perspective, also called vanishing point. To make a clear point, we have to start from three lines: the apparent horizon, the horizon and the horizontal line.

The visual horizon is a line parallel to the eyes. We stand anywhere and look into the distance. There is a clear line where heaven and earth meet or where water and sky meet. This line is just parallel to the eyes. This is the obvious horizon. This line varies with the height of the eyes. The higher a person stands, the farther he can see. This is the truth, but when you walk up a flight of stairs, you broaden your horizons by 300 miles. On the other hand, when people stand low, they can see from the horizon that the low place is nearby and small.

According to the perspective principle, objects above the horizon, such as mountains and buildings, are all near high and far low, near large and far small; Obvious objects below the horizon, such as the earth, oceans and roads, are near low and far high, near wide and far narrow, and extend upward to the left and right. In this way, with the direction of the human eye as the axis, it extends in one direction, up and down, left and right, and finally gathers together, concentrates at one point and disappears in the line of sight plane. This is the origin of the viewpoint. The lens of the camera is designed according to the principle of human eyes and perspective. Aperture is like the pupil of the human eye. Pupils contract or enlarge with light, so what the camera takes is basically the same as what the human eye sees. In a sense, what is photographed with a camera is more accurate than what people see.