The Historical Humanity of Fenyang

Fenyang has a history of more than 2,600 years, of which 1 was under the jurisdiction of the state government and counties for 600 years. From the 23rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1595) when Fenzhou was changed to state capital to the first year of the Republic of China (19 12) when it was abandoned, Fenyang City has always been the political, economic and cultural center of Jinzhong. Today, Fenyang City is developed from the original Fenzhou government city and Fenyang County.

The original Fenzhou City is a rare "Five Liancheng", which consists of the main city and four gates, east, west, north and south. Although the walls of Siguan are not as good as the main city, they are also tall and thick, and many of them even have bricks. The formation of this unique city wall is mainly due to its position as a political, cultural and economic center, which makes palaces, temples and temples in the main city occupy most of the space, and more and more residents have to open up living areas outside the city, forming four concentrated areas in the southeast, northwest and northwest for a long time. For hundreds of years, Fenyang City has been a large-scale government city, with palaces, bookstores, temples, dignitaries and wealthy businessmen everywhere. The foundation of Fenzhou Prefecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties was the wall built by Zhu Zuo, the magistrate of Fenzhou in the 12th year of Yuan Dynasty (1352). At that time, the scale was "nine weeks, thirteen steps, three feet on a week", that is, the circumference was 4522 meters and the height was 10.7 meters. At that time, it was only an earthen city wall, and there was no brick yet. There are 9 streets in the city, such as Xifu Street, Fu Xue Street and Taiheqiao Street, and there are 18 hutongs, such as Yangji Lane and Tofu Lane. There are ancient buildings such as Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Confucian Temple, Yonghe Wang Fu and Qingcheng Wang Fu, which have history, wars, natural disasters and man-made disasters. Today, this ancient city, which has been tottering for more than 600 years, has only some relics to follow.

Fenzhou City has always been called "Siyang City", which is named after the sunshine all around. Different from the ancient city of China, the organizational system of the ancient city of Fenzhou forms an angle of about 33 with the meridian, and the lighting is very good, so Fenzhou City is also called "Zhu Rong City", named after Vulcan Zhu Rong. Therefore, the direction of most streets and houses in Fenyang city deviates from the geographical direction.

Name of gate number of Fenzhou Mansion Tower:

East Gate: Jinghe Gate, and the plaque on the tower: water distribution cycle.

Simon: Jingning Gate, and the plaque on the tower: Pan Feng Qing.

North Gate: Yongtai Gate, and plaque on the tower: Lock and Key Town.

South Gate: Laixunmen, Gate Monument: Fenyang, the main road of Qin Jin, a provincial historical and cultural city and a famous cultural relic city. As of June 20 14, there were 1 13 key cultural relics protection units at all levels in Fenyang, including 6 national key cultural relics protection units and 4 provincial key cultural relics protection units. In terms of intangible cultural heritage, there are national intangible cultural heritage Fenzhou Yangko and Fenjiu production techniques. In addition, Xinghua Village Town is also a famous historical and cultural town at the provincial level, and the old workshop of Fenjiu in Xinghua Village is listed in the World Cultural Heritage Protection List. Fenyang City has also retained two historical and cultural blocks, the northwest (Er Fu Street historical and cultural block) and the southeast (Wu Jiaxiang historical and cultural block), which were well preserved in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Fenyang has paleontological fossil sites, Neolithic sites and more than 70 cultural sites. There are Nanxun Tower in Ming Dynasty, Wenfeng Tower, the tallest brick tower in China, Taifu Temple in Jin Dynasty, the mythical plane horse spring, Notre Dame with golden murals, Li Santao Flower Cave and Jinsuo Pass, all of which are well-protected natural landscapes.

Ancient cultural sites include Yudaohe Site, Xinghua Village Site, Beiyuan Site, Duanjiazhuang Site and Renjiabao Gong Yi Village Site. Among them, Yudaohe Site is located around the seat of Yudaohe Town People's Government, 6 kilometers north of the city. The site has a long history and can be divided into Yangshao, Longshan, Xia, Shang, Eastern Zhou and Han Dynasties. The site of Xinghua Village is located in the northeast of Dongbao Village, Xinghua Village, which is 15 kilometers northeast of the city, with an area of about150,000 square meters, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south. In the meantime, it is divided into several natural or artificial terraces with rich remains. According to the obtained horizon relationship and the analysis of its connotation, its accumulation and formation can be divided into eight stages in archaeology, belonging to Yangshao, Longshan, Xia and Shang cultural periods respectively. List of National and Provincial Key Cultural Relics Protection Units in Fenyang City, Grade, Batch, Category, Cultural Relics Name, Time and Address Remarks The fifth batch of the country (200 1) The first batch of the Qing Dynasty Taifu Guanjin to the provincial-level Xinghua Village (2006) The third batch of ancient buildings from Wuyue Temple Courtyard in Fenyang to Beiyuan Village in Qingsan Town was tamed by Wenfeng at the provincial level to Jianchang Community at the provincial level, and the third batch of Xinghua Village liquor workshop at the provincial level. The fourth batch and the seventh batch at Dongbao Village in Qingxinghua Village (2 0 13) Ancient tombs in Donglongguan Village in Song, Jin and Yuanyang cities and towns-Ancient buildings in Baicaopo dragon day during the Republic of China to Baicaopo Village in Yudaohe Town-the second batch of the province (/ Ancient Site Xinghua Village Site Dongbao Village of Neolithic Xinghua Village-Yudaohe Site Yudaohe Town of Neolithic Age-Beiyuandi Site Beiyuandi Village of Neolithic Township-Tiancun Village of Notre Dame Temple in the Back of Ancient Buildings-The third batch (65438+) Building Guandi Temple in Mingcheng Street-Wuyue Temple in Yucheng, the fourth ancient building complex, Yucheng Village in Jinyang, urban and rural areas-Pinglu Village in Fayun Temple Yuansan Town-Baocheng Temple Longwang Temple in Yuan Yu Daohe Town-Yukou Village in Daohe Town, Notre Dame de Yukou-Yifeng North Village in Miaowenyuan Town, Qisheng Guangyou-Hongjiyuan in Wei Xiang Street, Ming City-Puhui Village in Qingyang Town. 5- Remarks: The table information is compiled from Shanxi Cultural Relics Network "Fenyangdi Yangko" is a unique folk art circulating in Fenyang City, Shanxi Province, and it is a kind of square folk song and dance art. Because there are some remains in neighboring xiaoyi city, it is collectively called "Xiaofendi Yangko" or "Xiaofendi Yangko". Fenyang Yangko has participated in Shenyang International Yangko Festival in China and won the grand prize at China Temple Fair in Shenzhen. Among more than 30 kinds of yangko in Shanxi, Fenyang yangko has a very unique and distinctive artistic feature: vivid actor roles, rich performance routines, colorful dance movements, dual-purpose props, and harmony and unity. In 2008, Fenyang Yangko was identified as a national intangible cultural heritage protection project.