Shooting skills of landscape photos

Generally speaking, landscape photography should capture the scenery from the foreground to the background very clearly. Compared with telephoto lens, wide-angle lens can shoot larger depth of field; Compared with a large aperture, a small aperture can shoot a larger depth of field, and accurate focusing is very important. As we all know, the smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field and the clearer the part. Therefore, it is generally recommended to use a very small aperture, such as f/ 16 and f/22. However, if the aperture is too small, it will destroy the clarity of the image because of an optical effect called diffraction.

Diffraction, in the simplest way, means that when light passes through the lens aperture, the edge of the lens aperture scatters light waves. The smaller the aperture, the greater the proportion of diffracted light of the recording light, and the less clear the image, resulting in less image details.

Generally speaking, you will start to see the diffraction effect in the following situations: the camera aperture of ASP-C size sensor is reduced to below f/ 1 1; The camera aperture of Quan Huafu sensor is reduced to below f/ 16.

Photography course

In order to illustrate the diffraction effect under different apertures, we show a series of photos taken under f/8, F/1,f/ 16 and f/22 apertures-the focus and overall exposure remain unchanged, and the only change is the aperture size. The post-processing of these photos all use the same software and settings.

When the aperture is set to f/8, all the scenes in the photo are very clear, and the details of trees in the background are also good; When the aperture is f/ 1 1, the scene is clear, but the smaller the aperture is, the more unclear the image is and the details are not obvious with the increase of depth of field. This is an important problem in landscape photography, especially when making large-scale images. It is this seemingly soft plant that has damaged many photographers' digital landscape photos.

Second, understand the shutter

We discuss the choice of shutter by shooting water.

How to film the movement of water is a controversial issue. Some photographers like to capture water in a real way and "concentrate" the movement of water with high shutter speed. Others like to deliberately "blur" the water body to create a sense of movement. These two technologies can produce good results in suitable occasions. It's important to choose between the two. If it is between the two, the water body is neither fuzzy nor clear, which often gives people a sense of disorder and unconsciousness.

If you want to stop the movement of the water body, you usually use the shutter speed of 1/500 seconds or higher-the exact shutter speed depends on the flow rate of the water body.

Landscape photographers usually use a small aperture (large f/ number) to get enough depth of field, so that foreground and background details are in focus. In this way, it is usually necessary to adopt a relatively long exposure time, especially in poor lighting conditions.

Many photographers like to go to the other extreme-blur the running water with long exposure. One of the reasons is that, for the viewer's eyes, this "fuzzy" effect adds vitality and movement to the image, so it is more pleasing to the eye.

1/2 seconds exposure should be enough to achieve this effect, and a few seconds exposure will be better-this will ensure a touching white and silky blur. For long exposure, the minimum aperture (generally f? /22) and make sure that the ISO of the camera is set to the lowest. At this point, if the shutter speed is not low enough, you need the help of a filter.