Common sense of yacht and speedboat going to sea

1. Learn the theoretical knowledge of navigation ~

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Driving a yacht is a pleasure for most people, and many yacht control systems are advanced and convenient. Therefore, the international qualification restrictions on yachts are very loose. Driving a yacht is actually very simple, even easier than driving. However, because sailing a yacht requires basic navigation knowledge and electromechanical knowledge, and the safety of the driver and other people's boats needs to be considered, the law still stipulates that you must obtain a motor boat driving license to sail a yacht. The law stipulates that the basic safety protection of marine navigation must be ensured.

The skill of sailing a yacht does not simply refer to the skill of sailing, but to be familiar with the situation on the water surface, have basic knowledge of reading drawings and practical operation, ship stability, ship art, ship machinery and so on, and have theoretical equipment in astronomy, geography and ocean. Continuously accumulate driving experience and improve driving skills step by step. A qualified yacht captain, his sailing skills only account for 10% of his driving ability. The remaining 90% ability is comprehensive navigation knowledge and experience other than driving skills.

Driving on water and different land. The road for cars is clearer, and the waterway for yachts is much more complicated. Sometimes, although the waterway is wide, there will be problems such as reefs and shoals on the bottom of the underwater riverbed, which are difficult for human eyes to find. There are road signs and markings on land roads and traffic lights at intersections, so motorists can see the road clearly with their naked eyes. There are no road signs, markings, depths and traffic lights for land and water transportation. Boat drivers often can't rely on human eyes to judge the road ahead, but also have to rely on electronic instruments such as compass, sounder, satellite positioning system, radar and automatic driving system to sail. Many times, it is often an oversight or a low-level mistake that leads to a shipwreck.

The technical operation of yacht driving is simple, but the ability to get on the road is much more complicated. As the saying goes, time is beyond poetry!

Let's talk about driving and license first. Simple yacht driving skills are very easy to learn. Of course, this refers to small and medium-sized yachts, and driving large yachts requires a lot of work. Yacht driving in western countries is generally divided into two levels: primary and advanced. Captain and engineer are both two-level systems.

Relevant training and license acquisition are generally organized by private commercial organizations designated by * * * *. As long as you are over 16 years old and pass the physical examination, these driving training institutions can help you get a motor boat driving license. However, unless you have sailing experience, most people can't go out to sea by themselves, even if they have a driver's license. Therefore, I suggest that those who are going to get the yacht driving qualification must attend various practical courses provided by experienced captains before enjoying the unrestrained pleasure. Moreover, the yacht agency company selected by the general shipowner is also obliged to provide such services.

Some maritime bureaus in China have their own captain engineer training, and all maritime bureaus in China also have designated maritime agencies to provide them with training. If you want to get a yacht driver's license, you'd better attend some professional training for maritime boats and commercial organizations.

Water transportation is different from ground transportation, with many and complicated training programs and strict examination requirements. Chinese mainland's Hainan, Guangzhou, Dalian, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other provinces and cities have introduced independent yacht maritime laws. These laws and regulations have taken the first step towards yacht maritime affairs, and will definitely be promoted to the field of sea areas and sea power in the future.

Taking Shanghai as an example, the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration has formulated and promulgated the Administrative Measures for the Certification of Yacht Driver Training Examination, which stipulates that the yacht driver's license examination is divided into theoretical part and practical part (referred to as pen subject and technical subject). Private individuals must receive special training before taking the examination of the maritime department. Training will take at least half a month, and then two months to get a driver's license for a private yacht. Moreover, due to the different waterway conditions in different waters, the current yacht driver's licenses are often limited to local use, and it will take some time to achieve mutual recognition of driver's licenses and national use.

In addition to the standardization of driver's license training and assessment, yacht buyers are also faced with a series of difficulties such as channel opening, port and dock construction, standardized inspection and water rescue. It will take some time for private yachts to sail freely, which involves the sailing area of yachts.

From the perspective of physical geography:

As long as the waters of leisure yachts are wide enough, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, coastal areas and offshore areas are all suitable for yacht activities. Except for some military waters, protected reservoirs and water sources, nuclear power plants and oil terminals, the rest of the waters can fully enjoy the pleasure brought by yacht activities.

The activity area of yacht is not only influenced by environmental factors such as physical geography and political geography, but also by the internal factors of yacht itself. Generally speaking, the larger the yacht size, the larger the activity area.

The activity area of small speedboat is about 10 nautical mile offshore;

The activity area of luxury yachts is generally within 8 hours offshore;

The activity area of ultra-luxury yacht is within three days and nights offshore;

The activity area of sailing boats is the range of marine waters with the unit of 100 nautical mile.

In countries where western ocean sports are prevalent, the distribution of supply stations (oil supply, water supply, power supply and food supply) along the coast is reasonable, and there are many yacht bays and marinas for berthing ships, as well as perfect and powerful coastal ship patrol agencies and air service agencies. These factors greatly expand the endurance and activity radius of yachts.

Yachts from Hong Kong and Macao can only "swim" all over the world, not the coast of China.

At present, China can not be solved for a long time, and the navigation area of private yachts along the coast of China is still subject to the temporary division of local waters. Sailing outside local waters, shipowners must go through complicated and time-consuming declaration procedures.

2. Some safety knowledge that must be paid attention to when playing private yachts.

1, on the dock

Although the dock is larger than the ship's space, it is the place where the ship is tied. Every ship must have a rope. When walking and standing, pay attention to your feet and surrounding environment to avoid tripping or being hurt by ropes.

Step 2 board

For safety reasons, the side of the ship is equipped with railings and protective ropes. If there is no boarding passage, you need to cross the railing to board the ship. Relative to the dock, the ship will move at any time. Be sure to look at the railing of the ship's side, first firmly grasp it with your hands to ensure it is firm, then climb on the ship's side with one foot, and firmly pull the other foot away from the dock and step on the ship. Don't worry when crossing the railing, lest your leg be hit by the railing.

3. On the boat

When walking on the boat, remember to find a firm place to hold hands at any time, because the boat is shaking. In addition, pay attention to your feet to avoid tripping over pulleys, slides or other objects. When walking in the cabin, you should also pay attention to finding the handle and grasping it before moving. Pay attention to your feet, legs and overhead to avoid stumbling through the cabin.

Step 4 sail

Due to the reflection of the water surface, the ultraviolet rays at sea are more intense. Those who have no sea experience should do a good job of skin protection. Sunscreen is not everything. The best way is to cover the skin as much as possible and reduce ultraviolet radiation. Once the skin is burned, you can apply some sunscreen to relieve the sting. Don't worry, it's very unlikely that you will get burned next time you take off a layer of skin.

Some people will get seasick. If you insist on going to sea, you must prepare seasickness medicine and take it when you feel unwell. Most people can adapt to seasickness. Try to stay on deck and find something to do. If you are sure that you are seasick, you'd better stop sailing and go back to shore. If it is a long voyage, you should take seasickness medicine after seasickness reaction and find a place to rest. Pay attention to drinking water on time, force yourself to eat, and leave the cabin to breathe fresh air at the right time. It's painful for seasickness, but it's more dangerous to lie on the bunk without eating or drinking. Seasickness is both a physiological cause and a psychological effect. Seasickness will disappear as soon as you see land or islands. It's important to remain confident.

Life jackets are indispensable items on board, one for each person. Whether you wear it or not varies from person to person and from time to time. Whether you wear it or not, you must know the location, wearing method and using method of life jackets after boarding the ship, and confirm whether the number of life jackets can meet everyone's needs.

5, understand the existence of danger

There are many moving objects on the deck, such as sails, ropes, sails and winches. Untrained personnel should stay away. Make sure your position on the deck is safe, especially pay attention to the sudden swing of the sail yard and observe whether the rope is fixed properly. Many people like to take pictures on the boat, but taking pictures will divert attention and ignore the existence of danger.

If you must take pictures, you must first make sure that your position is safe, even if the ship suddenly shakes, it will not fall or get hurt. Always remember that a ship is a vehicle, not a stage. If there is no corresponding safety measures to ensure, you must not do those dangerous actions. Safe navigation is the guarantee.