Detailed data collection by the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency

National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA). It was born after "9. 1 1 incident", and its primary task is to assist intelligence departments in selecting, analyzing and publishing geospatial information. The predecessor of NGA is NIMA (National Bureau of Imaging and Mapping), that is, National Bureau of Imaging and Mapping. NIMA changed its name to NGA, reflecting the development of American surveying and mapping technology from traditional image surveying and mapping to rapid acquisition and monitoring of geospatial information.

Basic introduction Chinese name: National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau mbth: NGA Established location: current director of the United States: Liddy Thea Lang Main tasks: providing geospatial information timely and accurately, tracing history, main tasks, information technology, technical standards, partners, current director, tracing history. The legend of American spatial data world can be traced back to about a century ago. During the First World War, aerial photography appeared because battlefield information could be obtained. Soon, it led to a new technical trend of combining information with image rendering technology. Seize this opportunity, the U.S. military quickly set up a specialized agency to obtain geographic information or geographic information. When the Army established the Army Cartographic Department (later renamed the US Army Topographic Survey Command), the Air Force also established their cartographic organization, later renamed the Aerial Survey Cartographic Factory, and gradually became the American Aerospace Survey Cartographic and Information Center. 1972, the United States decided to strengthen the military surveying and mapping work under the National Defense Surveying and Mapping Bureau.

With the rapid progress of science and technology, people's demand for images and drawings is increasing. 1 996 65438+1October1,and the National Bureau of Imaging and Cartography was included in the annual financial plan of the National Defense Law 1997. The National Imaging and Cartography Bureau brings different organizations into this organization, such as the surveying and mapping agency of the National Security Bureau, the Central Imaging Bureau, the distribution project of the Security Bureau and the National Image Interpretation Center. The National Defense Intelligence Agency consists of image application, dissemination and processing departments.

After the "9. 1 1 incident", strengthening the intelligence network to defend national security has become the top priority of the United States. George Bush, then president of the United States, recognized the importance of geospatial information in this respect, signed the financial plan of the National Defense Act of 2004 in 2003, and was approved to change the National Imaging and Cartography Bureau into the National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau. The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency is a part of the US national security department and a key organization of the US intelligence department. The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency is located in Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Its main facilities are in Washington and Missouri, and there are liaison officers all over the world. National Geospatial Intelligence Agency Badge The main task of the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency is to support the national intelligence and war. Its main task is to provide timely and accurate geospatial information and protect national security objectives. Geospatial information is information about land datum points of natural and man-made objects or things related to national security.

The National Bureau of Image and Cartography, established by National Geospatial Intelligence Agency 1996, has increased the functions of image information and cartography, and is the intersection of national defense and intelligence departments. The new name highlights the important position and overall responsibility of the National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau for national security.

The main task of the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency is to provide geospatial information, image resources and geospatial data for military decision makers and combat departments, and to provide customized geospatial information analysis and service solutions for customers.

Geospatial information can be used for national defense and national security. The application of geospatial technology in the field of national defense and national security includes basic data (national and urban maps, digital elevation models, gravity data, global positioning system, maritime and aviation navigation) and protocol supervision of worldwide situations (such as the development and utilization of commercial laser transceiver images and aerial sensors, including full motion images and dynamic images). The National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau has begun to implement new spatial data technology. In one of their research and development projects, information technology gives priority to the development of new radar sensor technologies, that is, those technologies that require different polarized light to provide different levels of information, so as to better detect different targets and terrain. The National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau of the United States is now cooperating with the Southeast Tropical Remote Exploration Center of the University of Miami to develop a commercial SAR navigation project, which uses advanced SAR to measure polarized light to analyze special terrain and identify plant growth, artificial equipment and direction.

The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency develops image and map solutions for national defense and security. The key to these solutions is to have available technology and skilled staff. Today's sensors provide an unprecedented level of geospatial data technology, which can include military and security information, weather and terrain features. These data are combined into usable information, which constitutes a key part of geospatial information. They are provided to decision makers and managers.

These received data are analyzed by experts to create actionable information and strategies. Analyze these data and turn these natural data into intelligence or geospatial intelligence. Facts have proved that this is an effective tool to reduce security threats. Of course, no analyst can solve all the problems by himself. The cooperation between the analysts who undertake the task is the key for them to come up with effective solutions. The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency has not only used images and maps to provide information for decision makers.

Although geospatial information technology plays a key role in modern wars, its importance can not be ignored in peacetime. How are these technologies applied to military and national security measures?

Geospatial information professionals will provide key answers to situational questions, such as when and where it is better to make decisions. Intelligence analysts have some experience in intelligence analysis. However, the threat to national security will persist and become more complex. In order to maintain the advantage of the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency in finding out the existence points of these threats, they will continue to strengthen their cohesion in the geospatial intelligence system and intelligence group. They will also strengthen their own organizations and establish new partners on this basis, not only in their own teams, but also in international, academic, industrial and other fields. This new and more powerful geospatial information organization will gain more useful insights from this cooperation. This will also bring a new and better start for communication, information sharing and dissemination. In the cooperation with their new partners, more and more resources are obtained and collected. Their access to commercial and air transport resources is also growing in an unpredictable way. Technical standard Any act of obtaining information includes many links, such as images and various geospatial information. Geospatial intelligence standards define the characteristics of geographic information intelligence, such as benchmark activities, physical devices, analysis and visual images. These characteristics are applicable to the geography on the earth, and also determine the generation, steps and services provided by information materials.

The National Geospatial Intelligence Standards Center is the coordinating body, and the National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau is the institution responsible for formulating and implementing the management policies of geospatial intelligence standards. The National Geospatial Intelligence Standards Center ensures the interoperability of data and systems, implements collaborative industry standards, and plays an advocacy role for the National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau and the National Security Geospatial Organization.

The National Geospatial Information Standards Center is led by the Geospatial Information Standards Working Group. The National Security Bureau is controversial about the latest standard of marking addresses, and they question the significance of realizing system interoperability in order to successfully complete the task. In order to share important and accurate geospatial information in time, the National Security Agency is the key to formulate and implement standards. America's partner National Geospatial Intelligence Agency took the lead in establishing geospatial data standards, concepts and procedures. In order to strengthen its role in humanitarian and disaster relief operations, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, the National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau provides annual training for geospatial data professionals in humanitarian and disaster relief operations, with participants from Singapore, Thailand and Taiwan Province Province. In order to enhance the interoperability of geospatial data between the United States and Singapore, an agreement is being implemented in Singapore. By doing so, the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency can strengthen their emergency response capabilities in these areas. The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency of the United States also works closely with the Geospatial Information and Technology Development Agency of Thailand to promote the application of geospatial data in humanitarian relief and disaster relief operations.

The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency of the United States has cooperated with Taiwan Province Province for more than 30 years, and their predecessor, National Defense Cartography Bureau, has also cooperated with Taiwan Province Province. They exchanged some maps and charts. These exchanges are realized through the American University in Taiwan Province Province and the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office. The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency of the United States continuously exchanges geospatial data with Taiwan Province Province, and holds a geographic information conference every year to discuss future plans.

The National Geospatial Intelligence Agency of the United States has a new partner-Mongolia. They signed a bilateral exchange and cooperation agreement in 2004. Since then, they have exchanged topographic data with Mongolia, and carried out many cooperation in gravity survey. Liddy Thea Lang, the current director, became the director of the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency of the United States, thus becoming the first female "top leader" among the major intelligence agencies in 16. It is reported that Lydia has worked in the United States for 32 years, including more than 20 years in the field of intelligence. She became the director of the National Geospatial Intelligence Bureau, marking the arrival of the era of women in the intelligence field. The current director is Liddy Thea Lang.