What is an X-ray?

X-ray examination has always been a common way of image examination, especially taking X-rays. X-ray radiation may cause some damage to human cells, and the damage to germ cells will affect the offspring of irradiated individuals and produce genetic effects.

X-ray radiation produced by X-ray examination will have a certain impact on cells, but different parts of the human body have different sensitivities to X-ray radiation, and the higher the radiation sensitivity, the more vulnerable it is.

Generally speaking, the general rule that cells are sensitive to radiation is that cells in normal division are sensitive to radiation, while cells in abnormal division are radiation-resistant. Germ cells (spermatogonia, egg cells) are highly sensitive tissues, and the degree of radiation damage is greater than other cells.

Germ cells are responsible for human heredity, and the important substances closely related to heredity in germ cells are chromosomes and genes. If the chromosomes or genes of germ cells change, this change may be passed on to future generations.

Radiation will cause cell chromosomes to break and distort, and some genes on chromosomes will be lost, added or shifted, which will lead to mutation, deformity, hereditary disease or death of offspring. Therefore, we should consider the radiation problems caused by pregnancy examination.

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Extended data

Matters needing attention in X-ray inspection:

General physical examination of X-ray irradiation, adults should not exceed once a year. The cancer prevention examination for middle-aged and elderly people should also be controlled within once a year.

Exposure of teenagers to X-rays may affect their growth and development. If exposed directly to the lower abdomen and gonads, it will easily lead to infertility in adulthood, and the risk of leukemia in children after bone marrow irradiation is greater than that in adults. Therefore, X-ray examination is not necessary as a routine examination for teenagers.

X-ray exposure to women during pregnancy may lead to fetal malformation, mental retardation of newborns, and defects in hematopoietic system and nervous system. Therefore, X-ray examination should be avoided as much as possible during pregnancy, and it is best not to do it more than twice during the whole pregnancy, because the cause should be checked.

Wear lead protective equipment if X-ray examination is needed for treatment and diagnosis. Non-irradiated parts, especially those sensitive to X-ray reaction such as gonad and thyroid, should be well protected and wear protective articles. You can take the initiative to ask the doctor when you check.

When the X-ray machine is working, the warning indicator light on the door of the radiation room will light up. At this time, all people waiting for treatment will wait outside the protective door, not waiting for photos in the examination room. Family members should not enter the examination room to accompany patients without special care to reduce unnecessary radiation.

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