Basic information of grating stereoscopic painting

Imaging experts predict that this stereoscopic image production technology will surely cause revolutionary changes in the photography industry and the street sign advertising industry within one or two years ...?

R&D company claims that whoever can take the lead in introducing this powerful technology will get huge profits in this virgin market …

The manufacturer said frankly: It is really unexpected that the original low investment can achieve such a considerable return ...

Cubic painting manufacturers said that the rejection rate is high, the discussion is simple and easy to learn, the actual requirements are high, and there are many influencing factors, all of which are more important. There are many kinds of three-dimensional paintings, which are divided into metal three-dimensional paintings, paper three-dimensional paintings, plastic three-dimensional paintings, cloth three-dimensional paintings and plant three-dimensional paintings according to different materials. These three-dimensional paintings are very textured and feel, and the pictures occupy a certain space, which is a miniature version of the real thing. Strictly speaking, these can't be called three-dimensional paintings, but physical objects made by using three-dimensional concepts. It should be called "body painting"

The real three-dimensional painting is to use special optical materials (commonly known as grating materials) to show a vivid three-dimensional world and incredible three-dimensional effect on the plane. The hand feels flat, the eyes look three-dimensional, the foreground is outstanding, the background is deep, and the scenery is realistic. Various types of images can produce stereoscopic effects. It is a combination of digital technology and traditional printing technology, which uses a series of three-dimensional images to form a picture, and the surface of the picture is covered with a grating. The function of grating is to make the light from any different point in the picture shoot into people's left and right eyes in a specific direction. When we observe a three-dimensional object with human eyes, because our eyes are horizontally separated in two different positions, the observed image of the object is different, and there is aberration between them. Because of this aberration, we can feel the depth of a three-dimensional world through the human brain, which is the so-called stereoscopic vision principle. In this way, you can directly put the picture in front of your eyes without any tools, and clearly feel the wonderful pleasure of stereoscopic painting. 1. Open the layered image of the design.

2. "Image" menu-image size, resolution set to 100.227 pixel/cm, width and height set by yourself. 1, create a new layer, hide other layers, and adjust the image to the maximum through the navigator.

2. Select the single-column box selection tool and click on the canvas; Select the pencil tool (place the tip of the pencil tool at 8 or 9 pixels) and click the selection.

3. Press Ctrl+Alt and click the right arrow key 7 times, release Ctrl+Alt and click the right arrow key again.

4. Select the rectangular box selection tool, and select 7 black, 1 transparent rectangular areas with a width of 8 pixels. Select Define Pattern from the Edit menu, and then click OK.

5. Clear the current layer: Select All-Delete-Deselect (Ctrl+D).

6. Edit-Fill, Use Patterns and Customize Patterns: Select the last customized pattern and click it-Hide the raster layer. 1. Select the layer to be stereoscopic (other layers except the middle scene).

2. Copy a copy (Ctrl+J), select the moving tool, and click the left arrow key to move 10 times (refer to the table of moving times for specific moving times).

3. Copy and move again (the number of moves is the same) and operate circularly. * * * Copy and move 7 images (copy 7, add original image, and ***8 images) 1. Select the original layer, hide other layers, load the raster layer selection area (press Ctrl to click the raster layer), and then select the Rectangular Marquee Tool.

2. Press the Delete key to delete, and press the left arrow key once to select the previous layer.

3, continue to delete, loop operation, until other copied layers are divided, and deselect (Ctrl+D). At this point, the stereoscopic operation of a layer is completed. Other layers that need to be three-dimensional should also be made according to the above steps. It's just that the number and direction of movement are different.

After all layers are made, delete the raster layer. 1, open an image, and first determine the subject of performance. The subject of performance is the middle scene, the foreground in front of the subject and the background behind the subject. The foreground moves to the left, the background moves to the right, and the subject tries to keep clear, that is, it is generally motionless.

2. Depending on the foreground of the right edge of the canvas, because the images will shift to the left in the process of obtaining similar images, it is necessary to reserve a certain width of images outside the right canvas to avoid blank or lower-level images; Similarly, according to the background of the left edge of the canvas, it is necessary to reserve an image with a certain width outside the left canvas.

3. Defining the width of the pattern is equivalent to obtaining the number of similar images.

4. Press Shift+ point the direction key once, which is equivalent to only pressing the direction key 10 times.

5. After all layers are made, they can be used as templates without merging. The space occupied after the merger is small.

6. The size and resolution of the image shall not be changed, and the image shall not be deformed. There are three kinds of materials for making grating stereoscopic pictures: slit grating, cylindrical grating and lattice stereoscopic grating. Due to technical and cost reasons, lattice gratings are rarely seen in the market at present. At present, there are two kinds of gratings in the market, namely slit grating and cylindrical grating, which occupy the mainstream.

Three-dimensional flat grating varieties are: 1, 40-line grating and coil grating, with specifications of 122 width, 100 width, 50 square or 100 square, with a focus of 4 mm;

2, 32-line grating film, coil grating, specifications are 122 wide, 100 wide, 50 square or 100 square, a roll of focus 5 mm

Three-dimensional grating film is mainly used for large and medium-sized hanging pictures and large-format display pictures, with low cost. However, cylindrical grating film is gradually eliminated by the market because it needs to be stuck on glass and other media, with low transparency and poor definition. Slit grating, usually called black grating:

1, 42-line slit grating, coiled material, 122X8300CM, 100 m2/roll, with self-adhesive tape;

2, 30-line slit grating, coiled material, 122X8300CM, 100 square/roll, with its own glue;

3, 20-line slit grating, coiled material, 122X8300CM, 100 square/volume, with self-adhesive;

4. 10 line slit grating, coiled material, 122X8300CM, 100 square meter/roll, with its own glue.

Used for underground passage and indoor display, dynamic light box display, etc. However, the slit grating stereo light box has the following defects: the light transmittance is only 20-30%, which is not environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and the lighting lamp consumes a lot of energy, generates a lot of heat and has low brightness, so it is only suitable for indoor light boxes. It is also gradually eliminated by the market. 1 and 70-line grating plates: the specifications are 5 1CMX 102CM, 80CMX 120CM,120cm, and the thickness is 0.9MM；;

2.75 wire grid: specification 5 1X7 1CM, thickness 0.45MM and 0.65mm. ..

3. 160 wire grid: specification 5 1X7 1CM, thickness 0.33MM.

70-line grating is mainly used for hanging pictures, picture books, covers, desk calendars and so on. Below 40X60 format; 75 sheets are used for UV printing and paper printing synthesis; 160 line is used for UV printing. The product features of sheet grating are as follows:

The material is thin (generally between 0. 18 ~ 0.9mm), so it is called sheet grating. )

Multi-line (generally 60- 140 lpi)

Short sight distance (at present, when the sight distance of the film on the market exceeds 1.5 meters, the stereoscopic effect will be greatly reduced, so the stereoscopic image generated has a small format and a short sight distance, generally less than 40*60 cm, otherwise the stereoscopic effect will be greatly reduced with a large format and a long sight distance).

low cost

Because there are many lines in the thin-film grating, the resolution and clarity of the image are very high, so domestic manufacturers of thin-film stereoscopic paintings generally choose printing technology to produce small-format thin-film stereoscopic paintings (generally not more than 40*60). However, it also has serious disadvantages, that is, the number of single images must reach a certain scale to produce. Can't personalized production, can only choose the manufacturer's existing model. As a result, there are few three-dimensional pattern materials in the market and the artistic sense is poor. Moreover, due to the limitation of format, the application field is very narrow. In addition, the three-dimensional image of the paper is uniformly printed by the printing factory according to the fixed data. This pattern is influenced by the principle of stereoscopic imaging and the error of the number of thin slices, which can not guarantee that every stereoscopic image can eliminate moire fringes (commonly known as light waves), greatly reducing the appreciation of stereoscopic paintings. The market can't be fully opened, which limits the development of three-dimensional industry. 1, production of small-format direct-injection grating plate;

(1)42-wire grid, 40X50CM horizontal bar and 40X50 CM straight bar; 20X25CM horizontal stripes, 20X25CM straight stripes, 2MM thickness;

(2)32-line grid plate, with specifications as follows: 50X60CM horizontal stripes, 20X30CM horizontal stripes, 20X30CM vertical stripes and 20X25CM vertical stripes, all with thicknesses of 3 mm;

(3)25-line grating plate: specifications are 40X60CM horizontal stripes, 40X60CM vertical stripes, 60X80CM horizontal stripes, 60X80CM vertical stripes and 80X 120CM horizontal stripes, with a thickness of 4 mm ..

2, large format rolling stereo grating plate:

(1)25 straight lines, specification 122X244CM, thickness 4MM and 3.7MM；;

(2)32-line straight line, specification 122X244CM, thickness 3.2MM；;

(3) A 42-line straight line with a specification of 122X244CM and a thickness of 3.2 mm..

Flat grating is mainly used to make advertising light boxes, advertising displays, large-scale display pictures in the later stage of wedding photo studio, cultural and entertainment places and public places, large-scale three-dimensional hanging paintings, family decorative paintings and so on. The product features of plate grid plate are as follows:

Material thickness (generally greater than 2mm)

Fewer lines (between 10 and 60 lpi)

The sight distance is long (about 2 to10m, with different thicknesses and different sight distances).

High cost (ps and pet materials are widely used in China at present, and the price is about 130 yuan/square).

Because of the characteristics of flat grating, the stereoscopic impression and overall effect of flat stereoscopic painting are much better than that of sheet stereoscopic painting, which is more suitable for small-scale printing production. Also satisfied

The demand of personalized production. However, due to the high cost of plate materials, the retail price of plate stereoscopic painting remains high, the market is small and it is difficult to popularize.

The technical indicators of grating usually include:

1, LPI (number of lines)-the number of gratings per inch. Some people say that the pitch is the width of each grating. The relationship between LPI and pitch can be expressed by the following formula: LPI=25.4 mm/pitch.

2. Viewing angle-the angle allowed when forming an image or observing an image. Generally speaking, the viewing angle is small and the grating is thick, which is suitable for making stereoscopic images. This kind of grating has a large viewing angle and a thin grating, which is suitable for making transformed images. There are many grating lines, which are suitable for making stereoscopic or transformed pictures of small pictures and for close-up viewing. The number of grating lines is small, which is suitable for making stereoscopic or transformed pictures of large pictures and for long-distance viewing.

What is the relationship between printer resolution and printing stereoscopic images?

The resolution of the printer is actually called printing positioning accuracy. Generally speaking, the meaning of printer resolution refers to the continuous movement of the printer.

The accuracy of printing ink drops at the specified position. The technical term of stereoscopic image is called "dislocation arrangement of image details". The printer prints out the details and prints them to the designated location at the same time. Therefore, the higher the printing positioning accuracy, the higher the quality of the stereoscopic image produced by the printer. Different print settings

Bit precision printers are suitable for images with different widths and gratings with different spacings. For example, a printer with printing positioning accuracy of 2880dpi is suitable for 75-90 lpi gratings.

And a 20*25cm image; Printers with printing positioning accuracy of 1440dpi are suitable for 40-60 lpi gratings and 40*50cm images; Wait a minute.

In addition, through different processing and material selection, raster painting can also achieve two changes, three changes, rotation, scaling, rainbow and other effects, which are actually extensions of raster imaging principles. (a) 70 line-150 line grating application scope:

Packaging of three-dimensional business cards, three-dimensional greeting cards, three-dimensional desk calendars, cigarettes, wines, medicines and foods; Various types of cards, electricity

Letter card, souvenir card, star card, postcard, IC card, warranty card, badge, bookmark, etc. ; All kinds of promotional materials, cups and the like.

Pad, mouse pad, etc. Hangtags for all kinds of clothes, alcohol and electrical appliances; Tickets, stickers, pictures, signs, etc. ; various

Labels and anti-counterfeiting marks of commodities; 3D magic card, three-dimensional certificate, stereo photo below 10 inch; Three-dimensional cover and so on.

(2) 20-60 line grating application scope:

Station advertising light boxes, subway advertising posters, indoor and outdoor large light box advertising posters, advertising light boxes in various formats, and vertical

Human wedding dresses, changing patterns, stereo photo, three-dimensional advertisements, three-dimensional light boxes, three-dimensional decorative paintings, three-dimensional handicrafts, calendars,

Three-dimensional famous paintings, three-dimensional art paintings, key chains, etc.

1, membrane material: no medium, organic board and glass must be attached; Glass has different thicknesses, and the thicker it is, the more obvious the stereoscopic effect will be.

A) PET crystal mold material: thicker than PET film material, smooth on one side and astringent on the other.

B) PET molding material: relatively simple; Both sides are astringent.

2. Sheet: The sheet with a total thickness of 1.0mm is called sheet. Less than 1.0mm is called sticking film. Names in the market.

3. Plate: self-contained medium, no need to add medium, and the price is relatively expensive, about 120 yuan/square. Because of the high cost of grating stereoscopic painting, it is very important to keep the stock of any grating stereoscopic painting. Common methods are:

1, the grid plate cannot be deformed. Deformation is the enemy of grating. Once deformed, the grid plate becomes a pile of waste plastic. When storing the grid plate, it must be placed horizontally, and the lowest placement surface must be flat. The stacking number of grating cutting plates should not be too much, and it is generally appropriate to stack 50 gratings.

2. There shall be no scratches on the surface of the grating plate. In particular, the domestic PS grating plate has poor wear resistance. It is forbidden to "pull" the grating plate when loading and unloading from the cargo pile. Grille plates are generally provided with a protective film when they leave the factory, and this protective film will be removed in the final post-production.

3. During post-production, dust will be adsorbed on the surface of the grid plate due to the effect of static electricity. Do not use hard or easy-to-drop tools to clean dust. If some dust is not easy to clean, you can stick it off with a cold film. Avoid cleaning with solvents such as alcohol. 1, 2D class:

Such as: change, zoom, rotation, animation and other types, often used in advertising, holiday decoration, calendars, stationery, postcards, promotional items, business cards and so on.

Wait a minute. Computer production can use conversion software or Photoshop software.

2, 3D stereo effect class:

Using computer technology, the plan is made into a solid effect, that is, the so-called false solid. It uses Photoshop or stereo layering software to shift each layer of layered PSD file according to certain parameters, and then paste a grating to make it produce the spatial distance before, during and after viewing, and each layer has a flaky structure, which is a kind of stereo-like effect. Because it is easy to learn and low in production cost, it is the mainstream of the three-dimensional market for wedding photos and children's photos.

3, plane to three-dimensional class:

It is common to use the plane-to-stereo software and rely on the edge enhancement processing technology of layered interpolation to make the edge of each layer transition continuously in depth, eliminating the flaky feeling of the subject, foreground and background when the false stereo is layered, and making a portrait stereo film or landscape film with smooth transition contour and thick body; You can also use Photoshop to stretch and compress the selected layer in the left and right direction of three-dimensional space to make the edge transition natural. This kind of three-dimensional picture making can be used for specific characters and scenes, such as comics, scenes with fuller characters, simple pictures and less complicated scenes, and can be simulated to achieve good results.

4. Stereo photography:

Stereo photography (so-called true stereo) is to synthesize multiple pictures taken by a stereo camera or a slide rail of a single camera with stereo synthesis software or Photoshop. The stereoscopic picture taken by stereoscopic photography gives people a real feeling of being vividly portrayed. Due to the complicated shooting and production process, there are not many experts (artists) who are really proficient in China at present. True stereo is mainly used in high-grade wedding photography, stereo advertising, stereo decoration and other fields.