What is the house built on the Qinhuai River by the water?

River House, also called "River Hall", refers to the houses on both sides of the river, especially the houses built on the Qinhuai River in Nanjing.

Wu, a writer in Qing Dynasty, has a lot of descriptions about riverside houses in The Scholars. The historical novel "White Gate Willow" also mentions many river houses along the Qinhuai River, such as Yu Jia River House and Ye Tao River House.

The houses in Inner Qinhuai River are concentrated on both sides of the Inner Qinhuai River, which is a very precious historical and cultural relic.

History:

Qinhuai River House, Huaihe River, Green Window Zhuhu, Cross-Strait Meeting. Xia Yue is full of water, painting boats, playing flute and drums, and swimming until the evening, which is a beautiful sight on earth.

The style of Qinhuai River House is gradually formed with the development of history, and the construction of Qinhuai River House can be traced back to the period of Sun Wu. At that time, Sun Quan, the monarch of Wu, made Nanjing his capital, and all of them were built around Qinhuai River, so there were river houses on both sides of Qinhuai River.

With the development of commerce, the two sides of the strait are gradually prosperous, and the charming scenery has attracted the attention of many literati and dignitaries. After Wu, some rich people began to build houses on both sides of Qinhuai River. For example, wealthy families such as Wang Dao and Xie 'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty built houses by the river near Wuyi Lane.

In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, made Nanjing his capital, and merchants gathered around Qinhuai River. Because the imperial examination hall was built on the Qinhuai River, tens of thousands of candidates poured into Nanjing every year, so a large number of bookstores, inns and teahouses were born around the imperial examination hall, and nobles and dignitaries built houses in Gai Lou, making the Qinhuai River room more and more prosperous.

The architectural style of Qinhuai River residence is the same as that of Nanjing ancient residence, which has the characteristics of "small tile horse head wall with blue brick lattice window hanging cloister".

The wall of Qinhuai River House is mainly fair-faced brick wall, which is obviously different from the white brick of Huizhou architecture. Fair-faced brick walls are exquisite in materials and exquisite in processing. Using the natural color and texture of the material, it produces an elegant and graceful effect, suggesting the owner's wealth, and it is also very delicate in details.

Qinhuai river house extends into the water, with wooden stakes or stone components standing below, and pavilions, pavilions and platforms built above. The front door faces the street and the back door faces the water. Most of them are two or three times. First, a big window facing the river is opened, and the river faces the water, and Ling Bo stands.

The basic relationship between houses in Qinhuai River and the layout of streets and lanes and water bodies is: on the one hand, buildings directly face the water surface, and there is no architectural separation between buildings and water bodies, on the other hand, buildings face the streets and lanes.

In this plane layout, streets and rivers are public transportation spaces, but because buildings directly face rivers, the river port between buildings and rivers is private space. In addition, the building is closest to the landscape, with a wide field of vision and beautiful scenery.

The layout of Qinhuai River houses has the characteristics of Huizhou architecture, but it is very different from Huizhou architecture. The plane structure of the traditional Huizhou residential single building is a square enclosed space surrounded by high walls. Generally, the spatial structure mode is that the front is the main hall, the back is the inner room, and there are patios before and after the main hall.

The plane layout is symmetrical with the central axis of the hall, with the hall in the middle, wings on both sides, and stairs on the front, back or left and right sides of the hall.

Although the plane structure of the single building of Qinhuai River House is also a square enclosed space surrounded by high walls, its spatial mode is the inner room in front and the main hall in the back. The main hall is near the river, with big windows and some pavilions.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a white cat square built by Yu Tonghai, the prince of Yu in the early Ming Dynasty, which was built along the river and was exquisite and neat.

"The Origin of the Geographical Names of Guli Qinhuai" records: "Shangfu Bridge is located at the southern end of Dacaixia Street on Shengzhou Road, at the intersection of Tang Shuang, and was built in the early Ming Dynasty."

There is no fixed bridge south of Qinhuai, and there is Caiyanghe House, with exquisite pavilions and lush potted flowers arranged in the middle. To the east of Wudingqiao, the river houses are getting denser, and there are Wang and Mei's river houses on the north bank. The riverside buildings are solid and spectacular, and there are many plaques and couplets on them, mostly inscribed by dignitaries.

There is Xu Fuhe House, the king of Zhongshan, under Wende Bridge, which is magnificent. When it was first built, it worked day and night, planting trees and moving stones, and the construction speed was very fast. There are pavilions, pavilions, gardens, and more than one.

After Gong Xue, there are more houses on both sides of the river. Finish the provincial exam every year.