What bugs should outdoor sports guard against?

What bugs should outdoor sports guard against?

What bugs should outdoor sports guard against? Be sure to protect yourself in outdoor sports, field work, outing or sleeping in woodland. Did you know that bugs can also cause big trouble? Let me show you what bugs to guard against in outdoor sports.

What bugs should outdoor sports guard against? 1 wasp

Hornet, scientific name "wasp", also known as "ant bee" or "wasp". Because of its huge size and toxicity, it is a widely distributed, diverse and fast-flying insect. It belongs to HYMENOPTERA Vespidae, and the female bees have powerful long spines. When they encounter attacks or unfriendly interference, they will attack them in groups, which can cause allergic reactions and poisoning reactions, and even lead to death in serious cases.

ant

Ants attack or defend themselves by biting people with two big teeth. When biting, formic acid will be secreted, which will stimulate the bitten wound to be red, swollen and painful.

mosquito

Beware of mosquitoes outdoors. Mosquitoes not only suck blood and harass, but also spread many diseases. So we must do a good job of pest control. Bitten by mosquitoes, it is recommended to apply some wind oil to relieve pain.

caterpillar

There are many poisonous bristles on the caterpillar, and people will be red and swollen when they touch the skin. There is also a caterpillar called "twelve virulence", which is highly toxic in the body. So be sure to stay away from caterpillars outdoors, especially take good care of children and don't let them touch caterpillars.

centipede

Often located in damp corners, under bricks, under rotten leaves, in dilapidated and damp houses, etc. , and more common in summer. Centipede is a carnivore, with a wide range of recipes, and especially likes to prey on various insects. Centipede has poisonous glands that secrete venom. Therefore, it is generally recommended not to turn over rotten leaves and rotten things outdoors.

Spider; Spider-like objects; Star wheel; Cross; Connecting handle; crosshead

Outdoors, we may encounter some spiders that are less toxic or trap more toxic. After the spider bites, it will feel itchy and painful. I suggest not to scratch at this time. It is best to rinse it with clean water. If there is a band-aid, you can put it on after going to the hospital.

leech

Leeches live in water. When they are active in the wild and want to play in the water, they may encounter this insect. Remember, if you want to play with water outside, remember not to damage your skin when you enter the water, or you will attract leeches because of blood. If a leech bites, don't pull it with water, or it will drill harder. It depends on slapping.

What bugs should outdoor sports guard against? In outdoor sports, insect bites are easy to get sick.

Avril Ramona Lavigne, a famous Canadian rock queen, entered a long silence in 20 13 due to Lyme disease. It was not until two years later that she returned to the public eye, admitted that she had been fighting the disease for two years, and shared the latest information about her illness with enthusiastic audience.

Avril Lavigne was seriously ill at first, and once felt that she was dying. "I don't think I can breathe, talk or move. I think I'm going to die. Many times I couldn't take a shower for a whole week because I could hardly stand up, and I felt that my life was falling apart. " Avril Ramona Lavigne, who reappeared in the spotlight, still has a lingering fear when talking about Lyme disease.

In the forest and grassland areas of China, patients like Avril Ramona Lavigne are more common, especially in Heilongjiang after the spring, with about 400 to 500 new cases every year.

At the end of last spring, a 29-year-old boy and his classmates went to visit Xiaoxing 'anling Forest Park. Three days after his return, he developed symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, general weakness and head and neck pain. When he went to the hospital for examination, he found that his temperature was as high as 39.5℃, and there was an annular erythema on his right neck and a small depression in the center of the erythema. After further specific antibody examination in the laboratory, it was finally determined that the young man was infected with a special pathogen-Borrelia burgdorferi.

After carefully asking about the medical history, the doctor learned that the patient had camped in the Woods and bushes and was bitten by ticks and mosquitoes. Based on the above clinical diagnosis, it is confirmed that the young man is suffering from an insect-borne infectious disease-Lyme disease. After more than a month of systematic treatment, the young man recovered and was discharged from the hospital.

Song Li, deputy director of the Occupational Health Branch of Heilongjiang Medical Association and director of the Department of Poisoning Neurology of the Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, reminded everyone that when participating in activities such as mountaineering, rock climbing, exploration and camping in woodlands, we must pay attention to preventing trauma and avoiding falls and scratches. At the same time, we should also protect ourselves from nerve, skin, joint or heart diseases and insect bites.

Small ticks hidden in forests and grasslands

Director Song Li said that Lyme disease is a spirochete infectious disease with ticks as the medium and nervous system damage as the main clinical manifestation. Lyme disease is widely distributed, spreads quickly and has a high disability rate. Lyme disease has been reported in more than 70 countries on five continents in the world, and the incidence rate and incidence area are rising and expanding rapidly.

Lyme disease was first discovered in Hailin County, Heilongjiang Province in China in 1986. Up to now, 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have reported cases of Lyme disease, and 19 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have natural foci of Lyme disease, with a high infection rate. These areas are mainly concentrated in northeast forest areas, Inner Mongolia, central Xinjiang and Gansu, as well as some areas in the south, such as Yunyun.

As one of the natural focus diseases, Lyme disease pathogens spread among arthropods and wild vertebrates. Many wild animals, such as birds, deer, rats and some domestic animals, such as horses, rabbits, dogs and cats, can become storage hosts and play the role of infectious sources. Especially in the bush environment, it is very conducive to the reproduction of wild animals and disease-causing ticks, so the disease is mostly prevalent in forests or forest edge areas, with a large distribution range.

Director Song pointed out that people prone to Lyme disease are quite common, mostly young adults, mainly related to being bitten by ticks, especially in the wild and forest areas, and the occupational exposure rate is high, but there is still a lack of statistical data on Lyme disease among professional people in China.

The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province is the first batch of key occupational disease specialized hospitals in China, and a large number of cases of occupational Lyme disease have been diagnosed. Most of the patients work and operate in woodland and field, and the chances of contacting ticks are high, such as loggers, forest police or rangers, and employees of animal farms (beekeeping, deer raising, etc.). ), animal and plant inspectors, geological prospectors, etc. According to some data, 40% people have been bitten by ticks after working in epidemic areas for one day, or ticks can be found in their skin, clothes and other places. At the same time, with the continuous warming of leisure tourism projects such as forest tour, grassland tour, hiking, hunting and fishing, Lyme disease is becoming more and more common among urban and rural residents.

Director Song Li said that ticks are also called eight-legged poisonous insects, grasshoppers, ticks and ticks, and adults have a hard shell on the back of their bodies, commonly known as Ixodes. Ixodes mostly live in forests, bushes, grasslands and open pastures. Ticks attack people and animals during the day, and the amount of blood is very large. After eating enough blood, they can swell several times to dozens of times, and the female Ixodes can even reach more than 100 times. Lyme disease is characterized by migratory erythema after Borrelia burgdorferi is injected into the skin through the bite of Ixodes and spreads to local lymph nodes. Then it spreads to skin, nervous system, joints, heart and other organs through blood flow, resulting in multiple organ damage.

At the initial stage of the disease, patients showed discomfort, burnout and headache, while children had low fever or intermittent fever; Further development can cause nerve damage, leading to meningitis, cranial neuritis, radiculopathy and encephalopathy; Late persistent damage lasts for several months to several years, including chronic arthritis with joint swelling, joint cavity effusion and pain, subacute encephalopathy, chronic fatigue, lymphoma and chronic atrophic acrodermatitis.

Go deep into the woodland and protect it carefully.

The diagnosis of Lyme disease needs comprehensive analysis and judgment based on epidemiological history, clinical symptoms and laboratory examination results. After the diagnosis, the specific antigen should be treated by oral doxycycline, intravenous ceftriaxone sodium or penicillin according to different stages of the disease. Symptomatic support treatment should be given to diseases with joint, nerve, skin and other organ injuries.

Director Song Li stressed that if you are bitten by ticks or come into contact with epidemic areas, you must go to the hospital in time and take corresponding diagnosis and treatment measures after 3-32 days.

At present, the immune defense technology of Lyme disease is not mature, and effective personal protection can obviously reduce the chance of infection with pathogens and onset.

Specific measures

When working or traveling in the field in epidemic areas, it is best to stay away from areas where ticks inhabit (such as bushes where ticks hide). Once you enter, you should wear light-colored protective clothing, such as trousers, long-sleeved shirts, stockings, etc. At the same time, you should tighten your trouser legs, cuffs and neckline and put a white towel around your neck. Always check your clothes and body surface on the road. If you find that you are bitten by a tick, you should pull it out carefully immediately. Don't forcibly pull out or crush the bug to prevent the pathogen from penetrating the skin. Take a shower and rinse as soon as possible after returning to your room. If possible, tick repellent and tick repellent should be applied in time to prevent tick bites.

After you come back from the tick infested area, check whether any parts of your body have been implanted or bitten by ticks. We should carefully observe whether there are ticks in the armpit, mouth, navel, groin area, behind the knee, around the waist and hair of the child. For outdoor used clothes and packages, use high-temperature drying treatment 1 hour to remove residual ticks.