The history of Konka TV

1. TV profile (write down the history, function and appearance of TV) is 500 TV, which uses electricity to transmit moving visual images in real time. Similar to movies, TV uses the visual residual effect of human eyes to gradually change the still image frame by frame to form a visually moving image. The transmitter of the TV system converts the subtle parts of the scene into electrical signals according to brightness and chromaticity, and then transmits them in sequence. At the receiving end, the brightness and chromaticity of each tiny part are displayed according to the corresponding geometric position to reproduce the whole original image. It first appeared in 1925 10.2. In an experiment in London, Scotsman John Logie Baird "scanned an image of a puppet". As a symbol of the birth of television, he was called "the father of television". However, this view is controversial. Also in that year, American Sforokin showed his TV system to his boss in Westinghouse. Although the time is the same, the TV systems of John Logie Baird and Sforokin are quite different. Historically, the television system in John Logie Baird was called mechanical television. Sforokin's system is called electronic television. This difference is mainly due to the different transmission and reception principles. The development of television is complicated. Almost at the same time, many people are doing the same research. There are several sizes of TV sets-5 inches, 14 inches, 18 inches, 2 1 inch, 25 inches, 29 inches and 34 inches. The first black-and-white TV set in China was born in 1958. During the Great Leap Forward, a part of Tianjin 7 12 Factory painted the heart of domestic electron tubes. At that time, Soviet components produced Beijing brand 14 inch black and white TV sets. At that time, the TV development technology in China was basically at the same starting line as that in Japan. As can be seen from the development of TV, the strong development of China is rapid. This is really exciting.

2. What are the historical development processes of TV? Source of TV: 1934, Sun worked as an assistant in the School of Science of Nanjing Central University, and developed the first domestic prototype of TV principle that can be photographed, transmitted, received and played.

Yang Jianchu believes that "TV" is the Chinese equivalent of TV. 1939, Sun officially listed "TV" as the thirteenth course of Jinling University, and "TV" officially became the course of China University.

System structure signal system TV signal system consists of three parts: public signal channel, audio channel and final circuit of video amplifier. Their main function is to amplify and process the received high-frequency TV signals and TV three-chip integrated circuits (including image signals and audio signals), and finally reproduce the images on the screen and restore the audio in the speakers. It consists of high frequency amplifier, mixer and local oscillator.

The function of the high-frequency amplifier is to select and amplify the high-frequency TV program signal received by the high-frequency tuner, and get the image intermediate frequency signal and the audio intermediate frequency signal through mixing processing. The function of the intermediate frequency (first intermediate frequency) signal acoustic surface is to form the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the amplifier in the image.

The function of the pre-IF amplifier is to amplify the large and small signal (20 dB amplification) and compensate the signal loss caused by the acoustic surface filter. .

3. The history of TV history TV has gone from CRT TV to transistor TV to semi-integrated circuit TV, then to large-scale integrated circuit TV, and now to super-integrated circuit TV. In terms of performance, it has also changed from simply watching TV to multimedia TV and smart TV with human-computer interaction.

At the end of 19, a few pioneers began to study and design the technology of transmitting images. 1904, an Englishman, belleville, and a German, Kelon, invented a TV fax technology. Each photo needs 10 minute to fax one photo at a time. From 65438 to 0924, British and German scientists successfully transmitted still images by mechanical scanning almost simultaneously. However, the transmission distance and range of cable mechanical TV are very limited, and the image is quite rough.

(1) 1923, Zworykin, a Russian-American scientist, applied for the patent of photoelectric picture tube, TV transmitter and TV receiver, and adopted a comprehensive "electronic TV" transmitting and receiving system for the first time, becoming a pioneer of modern TV technology. With the application of electronic technology in television, television began to go out of the laboratory and enter public life. 1925, British scientists successfully developed TV sets. 1928, 3 1 radio stations in new york, USA conducted the first television broadcasting experiment in the world. Because CRT technology has not completely passed the test, the whole experiment only lasted for 30 minutes, and only a dozen TV sets were watched. This announces the emergence of TV art as a social public utility, which is an epoch-making event in the history of TV development.

From 65438 to 0929, American scientist eves played 50 lines of color TV images between new york and Washington, and invented color TV. 1933, Zworykin successfully developed camera tubes and picture tubes for TV camera shooting. The process of making TV camera and imaging completely electronic has been completed, and so far, the modern TV system has basically taken shape. Today, the imaging principles and devices of TV cameras and TV receivers have been improved according to eves's invention.

(2) The development of British and American TV art: The textbook emphasizes that TV art made great progress in Britain and America in 1930s and 1940s. It is suggested that teachers should combine the teaching materials and supplement the information appropriately.

1936165438+1On October 2nd, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) broadcast a large-scale song and dance program in Alexandria Palace, a suburb of London, and launched a two-hour TV broadcast for the first time. There are only over 200 televisions in London, but it marks the beginning of the world television industry. The coverage of the Berlin Olympic Games that year was a great appearance of young TV career. Four cameras were used to film the game. One of the most striking is the all-electronic camera. This machine is huge. The lens with a focal length of1.6m weighs 45kg and is 2.2m long. It is called TV cannon. Since then, quite expensive televisions have become popular among upper-middle class families in Britain. 1937, when the company broadcast the coronation ceremony of King George V of England, there were 50,000 viewers in Britain watching TV. 1939 When the Second World War broke out, about 20,000 families in Britain had televisions.

On April 30th, 1939, ABC broadcasted President Roosevelt's opening speech at the World Expo and the TV program led by Mayor new york through the transmitter on the top of the Empire State Building. Thousands of people crowded into department stores to queue up to see the new scene. At the end of World War II, there were about 7,000 televisions in the United States. Germany, France, Italy and other countries started TV before World War II.

4. The history of TV The first TV set appeared in 1924, which was invented by British electronic engineer john baird. By 1928, RCA TV station in the United States took the lead in broadcasting the first TV movie FelixTheCat. Since then, television has begun to change human life, information dissemination and way of thinking.

Since then, mankind has begun to step into the television era. From black and white to color, from analog to digital, from spherical to flat, China color TV industry started in the mid-1970s and experienced three historical periods, namely, the lead-in period from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, the growth period from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s, and the maturity period in the middle and late 1990s.

The first black-and-white TV set in China was born in 1958. During the Great Leap Forward, Tianjin 7 12 Factory, a part of the heart of domestic electron tubes, produced a Taipei Jingpai 14 inch black and white TV set.

At that time, China's TV development technology was basically on the same starting line as Japan's. 1970 65438+On February 26th, the first color TV set in China was born in the same place, which opened the precedent for color TV production in China.

However, due to the restriction of economic conditions and the influence of political situation at that time, the development of color TV in China was slow in the 1970s, and key components such as color TV picture tubes still needed to be imported. Compared with Japan, which entered the rapid development in the same period, the gap in production scale, output, performance and quality has obviously widened. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, China's color TV industry was riding the east wind of reform and opening up. On the basis of self-reliance, we will follow the principle of exchanging market for technology, cooperate with foreign countries, and develop our own national color TV industry with advanced technology and equipment.

1978, the state approved the introduction of the first color TV production line and fixed it in the former Shanghai TV Machine Factory, which is now Shanghai Radio and Television Group. 1982 10 was completed and put into production, and then China's color TV industry got rid of the stage of self-exploration and shortened the gap with foreign color TV technology.

Soon, Xianyang Rainbow Factory, the first color tube factory in China, was established. During this period, the color TV industry in China has rapidly warmed up and formed a scale. More than 0/00 large and small color TV production lines have been introduced nationwide, and a large number of domestic brands such as Panda, Venus, Peony and Feiyue have emerged.

1985, China's TV production has reached16.63 million sets, surpassing the United States and becoming the second largest TV producer in the world after Japan. During this period, domestic brands have made progress in technology and scale, and the output of Changhong alone has reached 1500 per shift every day. However, due to the limitation of China's TV market structure, price and consumption power, the TV penetration rate is still very low, and the number of TVs per 100 households in urban and rural areas is only 1.702 and 0.8 respectively.

By 1987, China's TV production had reached19.34 million, surpassing Japan and becoming the largest TV producer in the world. In the late 1980s, domestic color TV brands were limited by many factors such as technology, variety, function, quality and price. It is difficult to meet the growing demand of the dean's market in China. Therefore, foreign color TV enterprises seize the opportunity of China color TV market by virtue of their technical and brand advantages, which leads to the continuous weakness of domestic brand development and product sales.

In order to break through the situation that foreign brands denounced the color TV market in China,1On August 9, 1989, Changhong, an old military enterprise in Sichuan, decided to reduce the price of Changhong color TV across the country, so that each TV can benefit consumers in 50 yuan, and at the same time ensure the national tax. Changhong's price reduction of color TV sets started a price war in the history of color TV sets in China. Fifty days later, the state introduced a price reduction policy for color TV sets.

Changhong's first price cut had at least two epoch-making effects. First, domestic color TV sets got rid of the shadow of planned economy, and enterprises really gained the initiative to market their own products, which laid the foundation for the marketization of China color TV industry. In addition, it is precisely because domestic brands are constantly pulling away from foreign brands through price advantages that it creates conditions for color TVs to finally enter the homes of ordinary people.

After 1990s, the color TV market in China was in turmoil. Some old color TV enterprises born in the planned economy era stopped production, changed production or even went bankrupt, and were ruthlessly eliminated. Changhong, Konka, TCL, Skyworth and other color TV enterprises with strong strength, advanced technology and strong sense of competition have entered a period of great development and become the backbone enterprises in China color TV market. Domestic color TV technology has improved rapidly. After the war, the market sales of foreign brands are evenly matched and shrinking.

By the mid-1990s, there were 98 color TV enterprises in China, and the annual output of domestic brand color TV sets was as high as 35 million, ranking first in the world, and it has remained so far. At the same time, the continuous improvement of domestic color TV sets in quality and high-tech content has laid a foundation for opening up the domestic market and has the advantage of competing with foreign brands in price.

From 65438 to 0996, the sales volume of domestic color TV sets exceeded imports for the first time, and achieved a historic victory. By 1998, China's color TV industry entered a mature stage, and its output continued to rank first in the world. The output of TV sets reached 35130,000 sets, including 26.43 million color TV sets, an increase of 822 times over 1980.

In addition, compared with the actual output, the potential production capacity of TV sets in China is greater. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Electronic Industry, by the end of 1997, the production capacity of TV sets in China had reached 65.07 million, including 44.79 million color TV sets, and nearly half of the production capacity was idle. In China, urban residents have more than 100% color TV sets, while rural color TV sets have reached 32.5%, and TV sets have become the most popular products in recent 20 years.

5. TV history people usually regard John Logie Baird, a Scotsman, as the symbol of the birth of TV by scanning the image of a puppet in an experiment in London on February 2, 1925. He is called "the father of TV".

However, this view is controversial. Because, also in that year, American vladimir zworykin showed his TV system to his boss in Westinghouse.

Although the time is the same, the TV systems in John Logie Baird and vladimir zworykin are quite different. Historically, John Logie Baird's television system was called mechanical television, while Sforokin's system was called electronic television.

This difference is mainly due to the different transmission and reception principles. The development of television is complicated.

Almost at the same time, many people are doing the same research. American RCA 1939 introduced the world's first black-and-white TV set, 1953 formulated the national color TV standard, and 1954 introduced RCA color TV set.

6. Who knows the history and principle of television? The more detailed, the better.

Similar to movies, TV uses the visual residual effect of human eyes to gradually change the still image frame by frame to form a visually moving image. The transmitter of the TV system converts every tiny part of the scene into electrical signals according to the brightness and chromaticity, and then transmits them in turn.

At the receiving end, the brightness and chromaticity of each tiny part are displayed according to the corresponding geometric position to reproduce the whole original image. [Edit this paragraph] Working principle The sequential sampling, transmission and reproduction of TV signals from point to surface are all completed by scanning.

Television scanning systems vary from country to country. In China, there are 25 frames per second with 625 lines per frame. Each line is scanned from left to right, and each frame is divided into odd lines and even lines from top to bottom according to interlacing, so as to reduce flicker.

Image information is transmitted during scanning. When the scanning electron beam returns to the line retrace line before the start of the next line from the end of the previous line, and the field retrace line after each field is scanned from top to bottom, it should be blanked.

During the blanking period of the line field, the line field synchronization signal is transmitted to synchronize the received and transmitted scanning, thus accurately reproducing the original image. The TV camera focuses the light image of the scene on the photosensitive (or light guide) target surface of the camera tube, and the photoelectronic excitation of each point on the target surface or the change of light guide changes with the brightness of each point of the light image.

When the electron beam is used to scan the target surface, an electrical signal will be generated, and its amplitude is directly proportional to the brightness of the scene light image at each point. The scanning electron beam transmitted to the TV receiver makes the picture tube screen change with the strength of the input signal.

When scanning synchronously with the sender, the original image will appear on the screen of the picture tube. The process of TV signal transmission and distribution, taking the live broadcast in other cities as an example, is generally from cameras, TV centers or vans, to microwave relay lines and transmitting stations, and finally to the user's TV receiver.

In addition, TV broadcasting satellite and cable TV are also effective means of TV transmission and distribution in national and urban areas respectively. The scanning system and channel bandwidth of TV signals in different countries are not exactly the same, so according to international radio consultative committee's suggestion, Latin letters are used to distinguish them.

For example, M stands for 30 frames per second, with 525 lines per frame, and the video bandwidth is 4.2 MHz. The total high-frequency bandwidth plus the residual lower sideband of FM sound and AM video is 6 MHz, and K stands for 25 frames per second, with 625 lines per frame, 6 MHz video bandwidth and 8 MHz high-frequency bandwidth. The full TV signal and sound signal of video baseband are modulated to VHF or UHF band respectively for broadcast transmission.

Internationally, VHF has I and III bands, and UHF has IV and V bands. A TV channel is the nominal channel position occupied by a certain TV broadcasting frequency.

Different countries adopt different TV standards and channel division is different. In China, the frequency band I is 48.5~92 MHz, which is divided into1~ 5; Ⅲ band 167~233 MHz, divided into 6~ 12 channels (table 1).

Ⅳ band 470~566 MHz, divided into 13~24 channels; ⅴ band 606~958 MHz, divided into 25~68 channels. The frequency interval occupied by each channel is fixed.

The standard of China 625 lines and 25 frames D and K system is shown in figure 1, in which the image signal amplitude modulates the image carrier frequency fp, and the phase characteristics of low frequency are maintained in the form of vestigial sideband. The frequency band of the image signal with partially suppressed lower sideband is -0.75~+6 MHz relative to fp, and the audio signal modulates the audio carrier frequency fs, which is 6.5MHz higher than the image carrier frequency, and the frequency range of the modulated audio signal is 0.25 MHz relative to fs.

In this way, each TV channel occupies a frequency range of 8 MHz. Color TV systems include the same scanning channels as black-and-white TV, which are distinguished by Latin letters (Table 2). Different color TV systems are formed according to different coding and decoding methods of tricolor signals at the transmitter and receiver.

Broadcast color TV system requires compatibility with black-and-white TV, that is, black-and-white TV can receive color TV broadcasts, and color TV can also receive black-and-white TV broadcasts, but all they receive are black-and-white images and accompanying sounds. Therefore, according to the principle of mixing a certain proportion of light energy of three primary colors into various color lights including white light, in order to be compatible with and compress the transmission band, color TV sets generally combine three primary color signals of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) into a brightness signal (Y) and two color difference signals of blue and red (B-Y, R-Y), where the brightness signal can be.

Therefore, compatible color TV not only transmits the same brightness signal and sound signal as black-and-white TV, but also transmits the same color signal of video frequency band. The chroma signal is formed by two color difference signals modulating the color subcarrier at the high frequency end of the video frequency band.

In order to prevent the modulation overload of the color difference signal, the blue and red difference signals (B-Y) and (R-Y) are compressed, and the compressed blue and red difference signals are represented by U and V. 1, NTSC 1954 A compatible color TV system is officially broadcast in the United States, and it is also used in Canada, Japan and other countries.

NTSC stands for National Television System Committee. According to the visual characteristics that human eyes have the weakest ability to distinguish the color details of blue and magenta, but the strongest ability to distinguish the color details of red and yellow, this system uses the color difference signal Q of blue and magenta and the color difference signal I of red and yellow to replace the color difference signals U and V of blue and red. ..

Two color subcarriers with initial phase angles of 33 and123 are modulated by orthogonal balanced amplitude with Q and I color difference signals, respectively, to realize the decoding, separation and suppression of subcarriers. The modulated two color difference signals are mixed to form a color signal. In order to detect the chroma signal synchronously at the receiving end, it is necessary to send a good synchronization signal at the sending end by using the line blanking period.

The system has the characteristics of simple decoding circuit and low cost. 2.PAL system 1963 The system developed by the Federal Republic of Germany to reduce the phase sensitivity of NTSC system was officially broadcast in 1967, and it is also used in Britain and China.

PAL is the abbreviation of phase substitution line. In this system, the U and V color difference signals are used to carry out orthogonal balanced amplitude modulation on two same-frequency color subcarriers with initial phases of 0 and 90 respectively, and the color difference signals of V components are inverted line by line.

Here you are.

7. Who knows the history of television? Television was not invented by anyone.

It is the common crystallization of a large group of people in different historical periods and different countries. As early as the19th century, people began to discuss and explore ways to convert images into electronic signals.

1900 The word "TV" appeared. 1On June 2nd, 925, John Logie Baird, a scot, scanned the image of a puppet in an experiment in London. People usually regarded him as the symbol of the birth of television, and he was called the "father of television".

However, this view is controversial. Because, also in that year, American vladimir zworykin showed his TV system to his boss in Westinghouse.

Although the time is the same, the TV systems in John Logie Baird and vladimir zworykin are quite different. Historically, John Logie Baird's television system was called mechanical television, while Sforokin's system was called electronic television.

This difference is mainly due to the different transmission and reception principles. The development of television is complicated.

Almost at the same time, many people are doing the same research. American RCA 1939 introduced the world's first black-and-white TV set, 1953 formulated the national color TV standard, and 1954 introduced RCA color TV set.

The development of Christmas TV 1883, German electrical engineer Ni Pukov made the first experiment of using mechanical scanning method to emit images with Ni Pukov disk invented by him. Each picture has 24 lines, and the image is quite blurred.

1908, Kemper Swinton of Britain and Roshenko of Russia did not put forward the principle of electronic scanning, which laid the theoretical foundation of modern electrical technology. 1923 Sumetzvare blonde clear electrostatic storage camera tube.

The electronic scanning picture tube was invented in 1998 and is the pioneer of modern television photography. 1925, British John Lodge Baird made new research work based on "Nai Pukov CD-ROM" and invented the mechanical scanning TV camera and receiver.

At that time, the resolution of the picture was only 30 lines, and the scanner could only scan the scanning area five times per second. The painting itself is only 2 inches high and 1 inch wide. Performing for the public in a big shop in London.

1926 Baird gave a radio and television performance to the British press. 1927—— 1929 Baird conducted the first trial broadcast of electromechanical TV through telephone lines; The first short-wave TV experiment; The BBC began to broadcast TV programs continuously for a long time.

1930 realizes the synchronous playback of TV images and sounds. 193 1 year, the film was first put on the TV screen.

People watched the live broadcast of the famous local jockey club in Britain on TV in London. -The United States invented a kinescope television device that can reflect 25 images per second.

1936, the BBC adopted Baird's electromechanical television broadcasting, and broadcast high-definition television images for the first time, which entered the practical stage. 1939, American radio company began to broadcast all-electronic TV.

Swiss Philip invented the first black-and-white TV projector. 1940, Gullmar developed an electromechanical color TV system.

1949 12 17 The first TV cable laid between London and Sudenkolfeld, England, was put into use. 195 1 American H. Lowe invented the three-gun shadow mask color picture tube, and Lorenz invented the single-gun color picture tube.

1954, Texas instruments developed the first all-transistor television receiver. 1966 American radio company develops integrated circuit TV.

Three years later, a color TV receiver with electronic tuning device came out. 1972 Japan developed a color TV projector.

1973 digital technology is used in TV broadcasting, and the experiment proves that digital TV can be used in satellite communication. 1976, Britain completed the research of "TV library" system, where users can directly consult news, books, newspapers or magazines with TV sets.

1977 Britain developed the first batch of portable TV sets. 1979 the world's first "cable TV" was opened in London.

It was invented by the British Post Office. It can transmit the information in the computer through the ordinary telephone line and display it on the user's TV screen.

198 1 year, Sony Corporation of Japan developed a pocket-sized black-and-white TV with a 2.5-inch LCD screen and battery power supply. 1984, Panasonic Corporation of Japan launched "Cosmic TV".

The picture of the system is 3.6 meters wide and 4.62 meters high, which is equivalent to 2 10 inch. You can put it on a big truck and play in the streets and squares. The system adopts the "high brightness color LED" exclusively developed by Panasonic, which can obtain colorful images outdoors even during the day.

1985 March 17, at the Tsukuba Science World Expo held in Japan, Sony's super-large screen color TV wall was unveiled. It is located in the central square, 40 meters long and 25 meters high, with an area of 1000 square meters. The whole building is as high as 14 floors.

It is equivalent to a 1857 inch color TV. The super-large screen consists of 36 large luminous screens, each weighing 1 ton and thick1.8m.. 4 rows, 9 works, 450,000 color light-emitting elements.

Through the camera installed at the top, you can show all kinds of activities at the venue at any time and play all kinds of advertising videos of Sony. 1985, BT launched an integrated digital communication network.

It provides users with voice, fast chart transmission, fax, slow scan television terminal and so on. 199 1 year165438+1October 25th, the HDTV of Sony Corporation of Japan started trial broadcasting: its scanning line is 1 125, which is twice that of the current 525, and the picture quality is improved/kloc. The aspect ratio of the picture is changed from the traditional 9: 12 to 9: 16, which enhances the audience's sense of presence; The viewing angle of the tablet machine is extended from 10 to 30 degrees, which makes the map feel deeper; The "pixel" of TV has increased from 280,000 to 6.5438+0.27 million, and the amount of information per unit area has increased by nearly four times ... So the distance to watch HDTV is not seven times that of the screen in the past, but three times, and the sound is realistic, and the four-channel high-fidelity stereo is infectious.

1995 Sony Corporation of Japan introduced an ultra-miniature color TV receiver (handheld color TV), which is only the size of a palm and weighs 280 grams. There are speakers and earphone holes, and the LCD screen is about 5.5 cm.

8. Introduce TV (write down the history, function and appearance of TV). Television uses electricity to instantly transmit moving visual images. Similar to movies, TV uses the visual residual effect of human eyes to gradually change the still image frame by frame to form a visually moving image. The transmitter of the TV system converts every tiny part of the scene into electrical signals according to the brightness and chromaticity, and then transmits them in turn. At the receiving end, the brightness and chromaticity of each tiny part are displayed according to the corresponding geometric position to reproduce the whole original image.

It first appeared in 1925 10 on February 2nd. John Logie Baird, a scot, was called "the father of television" in an experiment in London, and was regarded as the symbol of the birth of television. However, this view is controversial. Because, also in that year, American Sforokin showed his TV system to his boss in Westinghouse.

Although the time is the same, the TV systems of John Logie Baird and Sforokin are quite different. Historically, John Logie Baird's television system was called mechanical television, while Sforokin's system was called electronic television. This difference is mainly due to the different transmission and reception principles.

The development of television is complicated. Almost at the same time, many people are doing the same research.

There are several sizes of TV sets-5 inches, 14 inches, 18 inches, 2 1 inch, 25 inches, 29 inches, 34 inches, rear projection,

The first black-and-white TV set in China was born in 1958. During the Great Leap Forward, Tianjin 7 12 Factory, a part of the heart of domestic electron tubes, produced a Taipei Jingpai 14 inch black and white TV set. At that time, China's TV development technology was basically on the same starting line as Japan's.

From the development of television, we can see that our country is developing rapidly. This is really exciting.