Edison's story is about 800 words, and it is easy to win the prize. Stories of other scientists are also ok, as long as they are easy to recite and can win prizes.

19th century is called the century of science, and it is also a century characterized by the technicalization and socialization of science. In this century, science has become an important part of social life. The surging great innovation has become a great driving force for technical science. Some technology giants in this century continued to be active in the 20th century. Thomas Alva Edison is one of them. Among the 65,438+000 most influential people in the past 65,438+0,000 years recently selected by American Life Weekly, Edison ranked first.

Edison came from humble origins and lived in poverty. His life's "education" is only three months of primary school. Because his teacher was always tongue-tied by his strange questions, he even told his mother that he was a fool and would have no future. Mother let him drop out of school in a fit of pique, and she personally educated him. At this time, Edison's talent was fully displayed. Under the guidance of his mother, he read a lot of books and built a small laboratory at home. In order to raise the necessary expenses of the laboratory, he had to go out as a newsboy and run a newspaper. Finally, a small laboratory was built in the luggage compartment of the train with the accumulated money to continue the chemical experimental research. Later, the chemicals caught fire and almost burned the carriage. The furious porter threw all Edison's experimental equipment out of the car and slapped him several times. It is said that Edison was deaf for life.

Edison is a legend admired by the American nation-although he did not receive a good school education, he achieved great success through personal struggle and extraordinary wisdom. Self-taught, he stood up from thousands of failures with perseverance, rare enthusiasm and energy, overcame countless difficulties and became an American inventor and entrepreneur. In his early years, he developed duplex and quadruple telegraph systems and invented the automatic telegraph. 1877 ~ 1879 invented the phonograph; Experiment and improve electric lights (incandescent lamps) and telephones. Later, a lighting system was established and a lot of work was done to realize centralized power supply. He proposed and adopted the DC three-wire system. The generator with the largest capacity at that time was made, and the first large-scale power plant was built with this generator in 1882. At the same time, the railway electrification test was carried out. 1883 discovered "Edison effect", that is, thermionic emission phenomenon. There are also many famous inventions in film technology, mining, architecture and chemical industry. Only from 1869 to 190 1 year, we obtained 1328 invention patents. In his life, there was a new invention every 15 days on average, so he was called "the king of inventions".

Edison devoted himself to science and ignored fame and fortune. When developing electric light, the reporter said to him, "If you can really make electric light instead of gas light, you will definitely make a lot of money." Edison replied: "If a person works only to save money, it is difficult for him to get anything else-even money!" " "He has always been called the father of modern movies, but at the grand banquet held by people in the film industry for his 77th birthday, he said," I just made some technical contributions to the development of movies, and the rest were contributed by others. "

Edison was broad-minded and good at facing adversity. Pointing to the inconvenience caused by his deafness, he said, "Walking in the crowd on Broadway, I can be as calm as a person living in the depths of the forest." Deafness has always been my blessing, saving me a lot of interference and mental pain. "19 14 one night, Edison's film lab suddenly caught fire, which caused great losses. Edison comforted his heartbroken wife and said, "Never mind, although I am 67 years old, I am not old.

From tomorrow morning, everything will start all over again. I believe that no one is too old to start working. "The next day, Edison not only began to build a new workshop, but also began to invent a new lamp-a portable searchlight to help firefighters move forward in the dark. The fire was like an episode for Edison.

Edison benefited the public and was not afraid of hardship. In order to find the filament, he tested thousands of materials; He failed to try the new battery 8000 times. So Edison often said, "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent diligence." At the age of 80, he still maintained the spirit of an inventor and persevered in his invention and creation activities. 1927, he founded Edison Plant Research Company and devoted himself to a brand-new research field, looking for new chemical materials. Edison, 8 1 year-old, successfully extracted rubber from weeds and was highly praised by people.

1931018 At 3: 24 in the morning, Edison closed his eyes with a relieved smile at the age of 84. On his deathbed, he said frankly: "I did my best for the happiness of mankind;" There is nothing to regret. "

On the day of the funeral, the lights in the United States were turned off for one minute to show their condolences. This is the most solemn way for people to express their infinite memory of Edison, and it is also a silent hymn dedicated to this great inventor.

The story of Edison

Edison only attended primary school for three months in his life, and his knowledge came from his mother's teaching and self-study. His success should be attributed to his mother's understanding and patient teaching since childhood, which made Edison, who was originally considered an imbecile, become a world-famous "king of invention" when he grew up.

Edison was curious about many things since he was a child, and he liked to try it himself until he understood the truth. When he grew up, he devoted himself to research and invention according to his interest in this field. He established a laboratory in New Jersey, and invented the electric light, telegraph, phonograph, film machine, magnetic mineral analyzer, crusher and so on for more than 2000 kinds of things in his life. Edison's strong research spirit made him make great contributions to the improvement of human lifestyle.

"Waste, the biggest waste is wasting time." Edison often said to his assistant. "Life is short, so we should try to do more with less time."

One day, Edison was working in the laboratory. He handed his assistant an empty glass bulb without a lampholder and said, "Measure the capacity of the bulb." He bowed his head to work again.

After a long time, he asked, "What's the capacity?" He didn't hear the answer, turned to see the assistant measuring the circumference and inclination of the light bulb with a soft ruler, and poured the measured figures on the table for calculation. He said, "Time, time, why does it take so much time?" Edison came over, picked up the empty light bulb, filled it with water, handed it to his assistant, and said, "Pour the water into the measuring cup and tell me its capacity at once."

The assistant read out the numbers at once.

Edison said, "How easy it is to measure. It is both accurate and time-saving. Why didn't you think of it? " ? Still counting. Isn't that a waste of time? "

The assistant's face turned red.

Edison murmured, "Life is too short, too short. Save time and do more! " "

Edison was a poor worker before he became famous. Once, his old friend met him in the street and said with concern, "look, this coat on you is very worn." You should get a new one. "

"Need it to be? Nobody knows me in new york. " Edison answered indifferently.

A few years later, Edison became a great inventor.

One day, Edison met that friend again in the street of new york. "Oh," exclaimed my friend, "why are you still wearing this old coat? This time, I have to change a new one anyway! "

"Need it to be? Everyone here already knows me. " Edison still answered casually.

One snowy night, Edison's mother suddenly fell ill, and his father hurried to call a doctor. The doctor said, "Your mother has acute appendicitis and needs surgery." . At that time, there were only oil lamps without electric lights, and the light of oil lamps was very dim, so if you were not careful, you would open the wrong knife. Edison suddenly had a good idea. He took out all the oil lamps at home and put a mirror behind him to let the doctor finish the operation smoothly. The doctor said, "Son, you saved your mother with your wisdom and cleverness." Edison took his mother's hand and said, "Mom, I want to be a sun at night."

Edison (1847- 193 1)

ThomasAlvaEdison is a world-famous American electrician and inventor. In addition to his inventions and contributions in phonograph, electric light, telephone, telegraph and film, he also has many famous creations and opinions in mining, construction and chemical industry. Edison had about 2,000 inventions in his life, which made great contributions to the progress of human civilization.

Edison was born in1February, 847 1 1, Milan, Ohio, in the midwest of the United States. My father is descended from Dutch, and my mother is a primary school teacher, descended from Scots. When Edison was 7 years old, his father lost money in the tile business and his family moved to Grady Otterborg in the northern suburb of Huron, Michigan. Shortly after moving here, Edison suffered from scarlet fever and was ill for a long time. It is believed that this disease is the cause of his deafness. Edison went to school at the age of eight, but after only three months of study, he was dismissed as an "imbecile" by the teacher and was expelled from school. Since then, his mother has been his "mentor". Because of his mother's good educational methods, he took a keen interest in reading. He not only reads widely, but also reads all kinds of books. At the age of eight, he read the works of Shakespeare and Dickens, the most important playwrights in the English Renaissance, and many important historical books. By the age of nine, he could quickly read difficult books, such as Parker's philosophy of nature and experiment. 10 years old, he loved chemistry. At the age of 1 1, he experimented with his first telegram. In order to make money to buy chemicals and equipment, he began to work. At the age of 12, he got a job selling newspapers on the train, commuting between Port Huron and Detroit, Michigan. While selling newspapers, he also deals in fruits and vegetables. Whenever he is free, he goes to the library to read books. He bought an old printing press and began to publish his own weekly newspaper, The Herald. The first issue of this weekly is printed on the train. With the money he earned, he set up a chemistry laboratory on the baggage car. Unfortunately, once a chemical caught fire, he and his equipment were thrown out of the car. Another time, when Edison tried to board a freight train, a conductor grabbed him by the ear and helped him get on the train. This action led to Edison's lifelong deafness.

1862 In August, Edison rescued a dying boy on the train track with fearless heroism. The child's father is grateful for this, but he is willing to teach him telegraph technology because he has no money to reward him. Since then, Edison has forged an indissoluble bond with this mysterious new electric world and embarked on a scientific journey.

1863, Edison worked as a telecom operator in Stratford Hub Station, the main railway line. From 1864 to 1867, I worked as a telegraph operator in all parts of the central and western regions and lived a life similar to wandering. Footprints include Stratford, Adrian, fort wayne, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, Louisville and Huron.

1868, Edison came to Boston as a telegraph operator. In the same year, he obtained the first invention patent. This is a device for automatically recording votes. Edison thought that this device could speed up the work of Congress and would be very popular. However, a member of Congress told him that they had no intention to speed up the agenda, and sometimes voting was slow because of political needs. From then on, Edison decided never to make any inventions that people didn't need.

At the beginning of June 1869, he came to new york to look for a job. While he was waiting for a summons in the broker's office, a telegraph machine broke down. Edison was the only person there who could repair the telegraph, so he got a better job than he expected. On June+10, 65438, he and Pop established "Pop-Edison Company", which specializes in scientific instruments for electrical engineering. Here, he invented "Edison Universal Printing Machine". He dedicated this printing machine to the manager of a big company on Wall Street. He wanted to charge 5000 dollars, but he didn't have the courage to say it. So he asked the manager to give a price, and the manager gave 40 thousand yuan.

Edison used the money to build a factory in Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, which specializes in manufacturing all kinds of motors. He worked all night. He trained many capable assistants, and at the same time, he happened to meet diligent Mary, his first bride in the future. In Newark, he invented wax paper and mimeograph. From 1872 to 1875, Edison invented the two-pole and four-pole telegraph successively, and helped others to make the world's first English typewriter.

1in the spring of 876, Edison moved to Menlo Park, New Jersey again. He built the first "invention factory" here, which "marked the beginning of collective research". 1877, Edison improved the telephone invented by Bell and put it into practical use. He also invented the phonograph, one of his favorite projects. Telephone and telegraph "are a revolution to expand human sensory functions"; The phonograph is one of the three great inventions that have changed people's lives. "From the imagination of the invention, this is his extremely significant invention achievement." At this time, people called him "the magician of Monroe Park".

When Edison invented the phonograph, after numerous failures, he finally made a breakthrough in the study of electric lights. 1879, 10 year1October 22nd, Edison lit the first electric lamp with wide practical value. In order to prolong the life of the filament, he tried more than 6,000 kinds of fiber materials and found a new luminous body-Japanese bamboo filament, which can last for more than 1000 hours and achieve the purpose of durability. To some extent, this invention is the pinnacle of Edison's life. Then, he created a power supply system, which made the distant lights distribute electricity from the central power station, which was a great technical achievement.

His first discovery in pure science appeared in 1883. When testing the electric lamp, he observed what he called the Edison effect: in a lighted bulb, charge passes through space from the hot filament to the cold plate. Edison applied for a patent for this discovery in 1884, but did not study it further. Scientists nearby developed the electronic industry, especially radio and television, by using the Edison effect.

Edison tried to do for his eyes what the phonograph did for his ears, and the movie camera was born here. Using a piece of celluloid film newly invented by George Heasman, he took a series of photos and projected them on the curtain quickly and continuously, creating the illusion of movement. He experimented with movies for the first time in the laboratories of 1889 and 189 1. 1903, his company produced the first feature film great train robbery. Edison did a lot of work for the establishment and standardization of the film industry.

After Edison moved his laboratory to West Orange in 1887, he founded many commercial companies, manufactured products and popularized his various inventions. These companies later merged into Edison General Electric Company, which was later called General Electric Company. Since then, his interests have turned to fluorescence, ore mashers, magnetic separation of iron, storage batteries and railway signaling devices.

During World War I, he developed a torpedo device, a flamethrower and an underwater periscope.

1929 10 2 1 On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the invention of electric light, people held a grand celebration for Edison, and famous scientists such as Einstein of Germany and Madame Curie of France congratulated him one after another. Unfortunately, at this celebration, Edison suddenly fainted because of excessive excitement during his defense. Since then, his health has gone from bad to worse 193 1 year1October 18 The scientist who made great contributions to mankind died of illness at the age of 84.

Edison's cultural level is extremely low, but his contribution to mankind is so great. What is the secret here? In addition to curiosity, he also has an instinct to experiment by himself, that is, he has unlimited energy and courage to work hard beyond ordinary people. When someone called Edison a "genius", he explained: "Genius is 2% inspiration and 98% sweat." He organized many people of different professions in the "invention factory", including more than 65,438+000 scientists, engineers, technicians and workers. Many of Edison's great inventions were achieved by collective strength. His achievements are mainly attributed to his diligence, creativity and collective strength. In addition, his wife also played a very important role.

Chronology invented by Edison;

18681June 1 1 invented the "voting counter" and obtained the first patent in his life.

1869 10 co-founded "Pop-Edison Company" with friends.

1870, he invented the universal printing press, granted the patent right and obtained $40,000. Set up their own manufacturing plant in new york.

1872-1876 invented the electric animation telegraph, the automatic recording telegraph and the double four telegraph, and manufactured the waxed paper carbon resistor.

1875 invented the acoustic analysis resonator.

1876, a laboratory-the first industrial research laboratory-was established in Menlo Park, New Jersey. This is the creation of the modern concept of "research group". Invent carbon rod microphone. Apply for a patent for automatic telegraph.

1877, the telephone invented by Bell was improved and put into practical use in Monroe Park. Obtained three patents: puncture pen, pneumatic stylus and ordinary stylus. On August 20th, he invented the phonograph, which proved to be Edison's favorite project.

1878 Edison claimed to have solved the problem of electric lighting. The Royal Society held a phonograph exhibition. Improve the phonograph, design microphone, loudspeaker, aerial speaker, sound engine, tuning engine, microcalorimeter, taste tester, etc. On February 65438+9, 2009, he obtained a patent for the phonograph. In July, Professor Parker from the University of Pennsylvania and I went to Wyoming to observe the total solar eclipse and measured the temperature around the sun with the thermometer he invented. In August, I returned to Monroe Park and resumed my scientific research and experiments. Britain approved Edison's patent application for "recorder". Visit William Wallace in Connecticut in September. Began to study the invention of electric light. 654381October 5th filed a patent application for platinum wire "electric lamp".

1879 ——1880 invented the high-resistance incandescent lamp after many hardships. An improved generator. Design new current distribution method, circuit arrangement and calculation method. Invent the electric lamp holder and switch. The method of magnetic separation of ore was invented.

1879 On August 30th, Edison and Bell demonstrated their telephone installation in the town hall of Saratoga Creek. Edison's telephone number was obvious in Bibel. 101October 2 1 day, invented a high-resistance incandescent lamp, which was continuously lit for 40 hours. 1 65438+1October1applied for the patent of carbon filament lamp. 65438+February 2 1 new york Express reported Edison's incandescent lamp. 65438+On February 25th, 2008, 3000 tourists from new york watched a public electric light show in Menlo Park.

1880 research helicopter. Obtain a patent for the invention of electric light. Making magnetic ore sieve. 654381October 28th, the patent of "power transmission and distribution system" was put forward. /kloc-in February of 0/8, Scripps published the article "Edison's electric light" and officially published the invention of electric light. In May, the first "Columbia" ship illuminated by electric lights made a successful trial.

New york Edison Electric Lighting Company was established in February 65438.

188 1 The headquarters of Fifth Avenue in New York was established. Set up an incandescent lamp factory in new york. Set up manufacturers of generators, underground wires and electric lamp parts. Test the tram in Monroe Park.

1882 invented the present three-wire distribution system. Patent application 14 1. The first central factory was established on September 4th. 65438+At the end of February, more than 50 small power stations/kloc-0 were established in all parts of the United States.

1885 filed a patent for wireless telegraph on May 23rd.

1887 ——1890 improved the cylindrical phonograph and obtained more than 80 patents on the phonograph. Engaged in the manufacture and sale of phonographs, records and sound machines.

1888, invented the phonograph.

1889 participated in the Paris centennial exposition. A variety of electrified railways were invented. Complete the movie machine.

1890 ——1899 Design large-scale stone crusher and grinder. I personally directed the large-scale development of iron ore by new methods in Ogden Mine.

189 1 year, he invented "Edison concentrator" and started his own mining career. Obtained the patent of "mobile film projector". On May 20th, the first successful movie mirror was shown to the public at Edison Laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey.

1893, the world's first film "studio" was built in the courtyard of Edison's laboratory.

1894 April 14 The first movable film projector cinema in new york opened.

1896 On April 23rd, the film was released for the first time in Koster-Bayer Concert Hall in new york, which was warmly welcomed by the public.

1902 vehicle power test with new battery, with a journey of 5,000 miles, which can be driven on one charge 100 miles, which was successful.

1903 Edison's company produced the first feature film great train robbery.

1909 has been used for ten years, and the research of battery has finally succeeded. Send a fax or telegram. Obtained the design patents of raw material machine, fine grinding machine and long kiln.

1910-1914 Complete the disc phonograph without damaging the records and diamond records. Complete the sound film machine.

"CD recording" was invented in 19 10.

19 12 invented "talking movies". Developed into a phonograph.

1914-1915 invented a comprehensive manufacturing method of carbonic acid, which combined a phonograph and a teleprompter as a teleprompter, allowing one party's phone to automatically record the other party's speech. Homemade benzene, indigo oil, etc.

In1915-1918, as many as 39 inventions were completed, the most famous of which were torpedo mechanism, flamethrower and underwater periscope.

1927 completed a long record.

1928 successfully extracted rubber from weeds.