How to grow orchids?

Orchid bonsai photo album (18 photos) Don't separate orchids too scattered. There should be at least 3-5 seedlings in each cluster, and it is best to put annual, biennial and triennial plants in the same cluster. Tile the bottom of the basin, and then gradually fill it with bricks, tiles or shells, in which the larger gaps are filled with mud particles or bean stones, which are generally about 1/2~ 1/3 of the height in the basin. The rest of the clear height is about 10~ 15 cm, which is reserved as a culture soil layer. Its specific height depends on the kind of orchid, the length of orchid root and the height of flowerpot. Don't fill the bedding too tightly, leave some holes. Practice has proved that some new roots can grow well in the pores of the cushion. Planting on the cushion, first fill in 2~3 cm of culture soil, then slightly compact it by hand, and then put the orchid upright on it. Depending on the size of plants and flowerpots, several plants, 2 clusters, 3 clusters or more can be planted in a flowerpot. Three clumps should be planted as tripods. Four clusters can be planted in a square shape, and five clusters should be arranged in a plum blossom shape. The roots should be stretched naturally and the leaves should be brushed in all directions. Slowly put the orchid root into the basin, let the orchid root stretch naturally, and try not to rub the inner wall of the basin. After the orchid plant enters the pot, the posture of the orchid plant is gradually fixed. -A bunch of potted plants should tilt the old pseudobulb to one side to allow room for new buds to develop. There are several clusters of plants in a pot, and each cluster of old pseudobulb should be relatively concentrated in the middle of the pot, so that there is enough space for new roots and buds to develop outward. When planting with filling soil, hold the leaves with one hand and add nutrient soil with the other hand, hold the base of the orchid plant and lift it slightly to stretch the root system and shake the orchid pot at the same time. Let the culture soil go deep into the rhizosphere; Continue to add soil, shake the orchid basin and adjust the position and height of the orchid plant. Press along the edge of the basin with your hands, but don't hurt your roots too much. Continue to add soil until the soil on the surface of the basin is 2~3 cm higher than the mouth of the basin, slightly like steamed bread. Culture soil should cover the roots of all orchids up to the base of pseudobulb and the depth of the fill. Traditionally, it is considered that the orchid should be shallow and deep, but the leaf base on the pseudobulb should not be buried. When new orchids grow in Shan Ye, there are obvious signs on the plants, which can be used as standards. The flowerpot should be the same size as the orchid of the plant.

Small is more or less commensurate. It is neither a big pot factory nor a small pot factory. Generally speaking, the number of plants is based on the principle that the flowerpot is just full in 2~3 years. The size of plants is commensurate with the height of the basin. It is not only conducive to growth, but also meets the requirements of viewing. After paving, a layer of pebbles or moss can be paved on the surface of the pot soil, preferably high-quality moss under the forest, which is beautiful and can adjust the moisture, and can also protect the leaves from muddy water pollution, and the new buds will not infect the germs in the soil and rot the heart; In addition, it can also slow down the erosion of the basin soil by rain and keep the basin soil loose. After watering and planting is completed, water should be poured for the first time, and the basin soil must be soaked thoroughly, and the water drops should be small to avoid impulsiveness. If you put it in a basin, you must not soak it for too long. Once the soil in the basin is soaked, remove the basin immediately and then put it in the shade for maintenance. With the continuous development of orchid tissue culture technology and aseptic seeding technology, the phenomenon of orchid in vitro flowering has attracted more and more attention. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of breeders, mainly because the artificial hybrid new varieties that used to need conventional cultivation for many years can now artificially promote flowering in test tubes through 1~2 culture cycles, so that individuals with good traits can be selected purposefully according to the flowering situation and relatively poor individuals can be eliminated, thus shortening the whole breeding cycle, greatly reducing the workload of cultivating a large number of non-flowering varieties and making the breeding work more targeted. Because we have long been engaged in the development and research of several conventionally cultivated orchids, the orchids mentioned below all refer to these orchids, including cymbidium, cymbidium, spring sword, lotus petals, cymbidium and cymbidium. According to the current observation results, the ways of orchid flowering in vitro can be roughly divided into three types. The first is that the axillary buds of orchid seedlings develop into flower buds, which is the same as that of orchids in conventional cultivation, except that conventional cultivation is a cluster of seedlings, and only one seedling blooms in test tubes. This situation is more common in Cymbidium hybridum, but it is rare in Chunlan Chunjian and other varieties. The second is that the terminal bud of the orchid grows into a flower bud, similar to the arrow in the grass (the arrow in the heart of the grass), and the flower grows from the center of the orchid. This happens in all orchid varieties, especially in Chunlan. The third is that the flower buds are directly differentiated from the top of protocorm, which is completely controlled by the hormone level in the culture medium, and the flowering is rapid and orderly, with high differentiation frequency, which is the main method to induce flowering at present. dendrobium

The basic characteristics of orchids in test tubes will not change, for example, vegetarian varieties will never produce colorful flowers. All fragrant varieties, flowers in test tubes are also fragrant, and the fragrance is as rich as potted orchids, which may be unexpected by many people. Due to the temperature and other environmental conditions in the test tube, the flowering period is usually only a few days, unlike potted orchids. At low temperature, the flowering period can be greatly prolonged. The proportion of abnormal flowers in test tubes of orchids is high, and some varieties can reach 10~20%. Generally speaking, these deformed flowers are usually caused by physiological reasons and external culture conditions, such as hormone levels, inorganic salts and other physical and chemical factors, rather than genetic changes, so the appearance of these deformed flowers is meaningless in genetic breeding. We followed and observed many exotic flower strains, hoping to select new fine varieties from them. As a result, most of them developed normally and blossomed, and few of them were really stable. A very useful phenomenon for orchid breeders is that in most cases, the flowers in test tubes can develop normally and have normal pollination and fruiting ability. We observed the development process of microspores under the microscope and found that the process of meiosis and the formation of pollen grains were basically normal. Especially for flowers that bloom in the form of axillary buds, the fruits produced after pollination are easy to develop normally until the seeds are mature. The seeds produced in these test tubes have certain germination ability, although the germination rate is lower than that of potted orchids, it is enough for breeders. With the continuous improvement of technical level, people's ability to control the flowering of test-tube orchids is getting stronger and stronger, which will undoubtedly have a positive and far-reaching impact on orchid hybrid breeding. Because the main appreciation point of orchids is floral art, it is difficult to judge an unknown variety from its leaves before flowering, so breeders should not only choose suitable excellent parents to cross and cultivate seedlings, but also plant these seedlings in the greenhouse, whether good or bad, and wait for several years until flowering, and select excellent individual plants from them. The workload of this process is very heavy. Even if excellent plants are obtained, it is a pity that the number of each plant is very small, usually only a few seedlings, which can not meet the market demand at all.

Photo Collection of Orchid Stamps (12), this excellent single plant must be used as an explant, and tissue culture should be done again from the beginning. From the beginning of hybridization to the final supply of commercial seedlings to the market, this process goes through two tissue culture cycles, and the two culture cycles from bottle seedlings to flowering usually take more than ten years. With the improvement of in vitro flowering technology, we can screen out excellent strains in vitro without going through the culture process. Once selected, we can directly carry out rapid propagation without the induction process of protocorms, and the whole propagation cycle is nearly doubled. Another convenience brought by the flowering of test-tube orchids is that orchids in bottles can be hybridized, which is a brand-new application research field. In some breeding work, it is necessary to cross, backcross and self-cross repeatedly to achieve the purpose of breeding and select excellent new varieties. For example, if Suxin variety crosses plum blossom petal variety, the first generation is usually plum blossom petal but definitely not Suxin, which requires the first generation to backcross with Suxin's parents once, or the first generation to self-cross once, and then choose Suxin plum flower petal from the second generation. Using conventional methods, this process will definitely take more than ten years. Now there is a method to promote orchid flowering in vitro, which can make offspring bloom in vitro, self-pollinate or cross-pollinate in vitro and cultivate seeds. Sow these seeds directly on the culture medium without disinfection to obtain the second generation, and then induce flowering, so that the required varieties can be selected from the second generation. Compared with conventional methods, this method can save at least two culture cycles from bottle seedling to flowering. In addition, because the flowering in the test tube is not limited by seasons, it can be induced at any time, which provides great convenience for the hybridization of orchid varieties that bloom in different seasons or those that do not meet the flowering time. In other words, orchids that bloom in test tubes provide a stable source of pollen for cross breeding. According to this idea, we got rid of the limitation of flowering season and the number of provenances to a great extent (some varieties with a small number may have to wait for many years to see a flower, or there may be no suitable other parent materials to bloom at the same time), and successfully achieved the hybridization between orchid varieties that bloom in different seasons. At present, the research work on orchids is still in its infancy, and there are still many unsatisfactory places. Not every variety can induce flowering, not every variety can achieve the required flowering rate, and there is no ready-made program for all varieties to blossom. Each variety needs a lot of experiments and exploration. But these are basically technical problems. It is believed that with the progress of technology and more people of insight participating in the research and development in this field, these problems will be gradually solved. Propagation method: orchids are usually divided into plants, sowing and tissue culture. Plant division: it can be carried out in spring and autumn, usually once every three years. All plants with vigorous growth and dense pseudobulb can be divided into plants, and at least 5 connected pseudobulb should be reserved in each cluster after division. Reduce irrigation before branching, so that the soil in the basin is smaller than that in the basin. When plants are planted in a pot, first cover the hole at the bottom of the pot with broken tiles, then spread coarse stones with a depth of 1/5 ~ 1/4, then put coarse soil and a small amount of fine soil, and then plant sandy loam rich in humus. The planting depth should be such that pseudobulb is just buried in the soil. Leave 2cm along the edge of the basin, spread Cuiyuncao or fine stones, and finally water it. Leave it in the shade for 10~ 15 days, keep the soil moist, gradually reduce watering, and carry out normal maintenance. Sowing and propagation: Orchid seeds are very fine, and there is only one young embryo in the seeds, so the germination ability is very low. In addition, the seed coat is not easy to absorb water and can not germinate by conventional sowing methods. Therefore, orchids or artificial culture media must be used to supply nutrients to germinate. It is best to choose fruits that have not cracked yet for sowing. After the surface was disinfected with 75% alcohol, the seeds were taken out, soaked in 10% sodium hypochlorite for 5- 10 minutes, washed with sterile water for three times after taking out, then seeded in a culture bottle with culture medium, put in a dark culture room, kept at about 25℃, and moved to light after germination to form protocorms. It takes six months to a year from sowing to transplanting. Tissue culture has been successful, and this method can be used in places where conditions permit. Selection of breeding technology site: it is required to be open around, well ventilated, close to the water surface, moist in air and free from oil smoke pollution. In the southwest of the site, orchids can be planted.

The canopy density of evergreen broad-leaved trees should be about 0.7, which can reduce afternoon sunshine and adjust humidity and temperature. Watering: Rain or spring water should be used instead of saline-alkali water. If tap water is used, it will be used for a few days. Water depends on the temperature, with less water in spring and more in summer. The rainy season is when orchids grow leaves, and the soil in the basin should be slightly dry; When the weather turns cold after autumn, reduce the amount of water and keep it moist. Dry indoors in winter, reduce the number of watering, and water at noon. Orchids can get wet with light rain, but continuous rain or heavy rain is easy to rot the heart and leaves, so it is necessary to pay attention to rain protection. Fertilization: 4 parts of plant ash, 65,438+00 parts of bean cake and 65,438+00 parts of bone meal are used as cake fertilizer for planting orchids, which are put into a jar and added with water several times until the bean cake absorbs water, then sealed, decomposed for one year and made into dry granules. When in use, it can be placed on the basin surface. If whole manure is used, it should be decomposed for one year, diluted with water and then used as filter residue. Generally, fertilization starts in May and stops in early autumn, so as to apply more thin fertilizer. Fertilization should be carried out at night, and 1 times water should be poured the next morning. Shading and cold protection: except in early spring and winter, it should be placed under the open-air shed. Shade shed needs good ventilation. Orchids can get more sunshine when they just leave home in March and April, and then the shading time will gradually increase. In winter, orchids should be moved indoors for cold protection, and the room temperature should be kept at 1℃~2℃. In addition, orchids should also pay attention to frost prevention after leaving the house in spring and before entering the house in autumn. Common pest control methods: The main pests and diseases of orchids are: (1) white silk disease: it mostly occurs in rainy season. Attention should be paid to ventilation and light transmission, and the basin soil should be well drained to prevent it. After the onset, the basin soil with bacteria can be removed and sprinkled with pentachloronitrobenzene powder or lime. (2) Anthrax: It occurs all year round, especially in the hot and rainy season. In addition to improving the environmental conditions, the control method can be to spray 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800~ 1500 times every 7 ~ 1 day 1 time, and then supplement l% bordeaux solution with the same amount every half month1time. (3) Scale insects: They reproduce fastest under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and poor airflow. Prevention and treatment with conventional methods. To sum up, in order to raise orchids well, we must master their natural growth environment conditions, take reasonable measures and strengthen conservation and management. According to the formula of cultivating orchids, "Spring does not come out, summer does not last, autumn is not dry, and winter is not wet", which is a summary of China's experience in cultivating orchids. Pollution-free pest control methods: orchid pests and diseases, modern use of chemical pesticides to control. Excessive use of pesticides makes orchids vulnerable to drug damage. Long-term single use of chemical pesticides or frequent use will make pests and bacteria resistant and uncontrollable. Spraying pesticides will also pollute the environment, and in serious cases, it will poison people and animals. Pollution-free control of orchid diseases and insect pests has existed since ancient times and is common in modern times. Pollution-free control of orchid diseases and insect pests has the advantages of good effect, low cost, easily available materials, simple method, no pollution and no side effects, and is worth popularizing. The following are some folk remedies for pollution-free control of orchid diseases and insect pests. "Small" prescriptions can often solve "big" problems, so You Lan might as well give it a try. 1. Tea bran Tea bran, also known as tea bran and tea seed cake, is the residue left after tea seeds are pressed for oil, and farmers often use it to wash clothes. Tea bran contains orchids.

Saponins and glycosides in the water extract are alkaline, which have good stomach toxicity and contact killing effect on pests. Prevention and control method: 1. Soak tea bran and boiling water in the ratio of 1: 5 for one day and night, and spray it on the orchid basin, and at the same time spray it on the place where the orchid basin is placed and other orchid basins, which has a good control effect on Oncomelania hupensis. 2. Spraying blue plants with tea bran water has a good control effect on aphids and red spiders, which can reach 90%. 3. Tea bran water can also kill earthworms. Fill the pot with tea bran water, and after a while the earthworm will drill out of the surface and pick it out. Earthworms have different views on the merits of orchids. One view is that earthworms in flowerpots will destroy the hyphae of some orchids and hurt the root tips of orchids, so they are pests and must be removed. Another view is that earthworms in orchids can eat many rotten substances and rotten roots of orchids, and their activities can loosen the soil, and their feces can also be used as fertilizer for orchids without killing. Right and wrong should be observed by You Lan according to his own practice, weigh the pros and cons and make a judgment. Second, smelly vegetables (green onions, garlic, leeks, ginger, onions, etc.). ) have their own smells, and their smells can play a role in killing insects and killing bacteria. Control method: 1. Take 25 grams of garlic, mash it, juice it, dilute it with 10 liter of water, and spray orchid plants immediately. It can cure aphids, red spiders, scale insects and gray mold. Crush peeled garlic into small pieces and put them on the surface soil of the orchid pot at equal distance. A few days later, earthworms and ants disappeared. 2. Soak chopped green onions and water in the ratio of 1︰30 for one day and night, then filter and spray on orchid plants several times a day for several days, which has a good effect on preventing and controlling aphids, soft pests and powdery mildew. 3. Use ginger 1 kg, add half a catty of water, mash to get juice, add 6 jins of water to every catty of juice, and spray blue seedlings to prevent aphids. 4. Mix leek juice with clear water at the ratio of 65,438+0 ︰ 60, and spray it on orchid plants twice a day for several days, which can cure black spot. 5. Take 15g chopped onion bulbs, put them in 2kg of water, soak them in a sealed way for 7 hours, then filter them, and spray them with filtrate to cure red spiders and aphids. Third, cigarette butts contain about 3% nicotine. Nicotine has strong contact toxicity and stomach toxicity to pests. Take 20 cigarette butts and 1 part quicklime, add water, stir, soak and filter, then add 30 parts of water and spray it on orchid plants, pot soil and pot bottom to kill wax-free pests such as ants. Fourth, washing powder and detergent washing powder can dissolve the cornea of scale insects, and at the same time form a layer of foam to wrap the insect body, so that scale insects suffocate and die. Washing powder solution can control some pests and diseases. Control method: 1. Dissolve the washing powder in a small amount of warm water, dilute it with water to 1000 times, and spray orchid plants to kill aphids, whiteflies and red spiders. Diluted to 600 times, sprayed once every three days and sprayed three times, all the scale insects died. 2. Pig bile is mixed with clean water at the ratio of 1: 100, and a small amount of washing powder is used to spray orchid plants, which can prevent anthracnose and soft rot. Spray blue plants with washing powder solution. After the pest dies, the leaves must be washed several times with clear water to make the blue plant grow normally. 5. Liquor: Mix liquor with water at the ratio of 1:2, and spray blue plants once a week and three times continuously to kill scale insects. 6. Citrus peel Putting citrus peel on the bottom of the basin can prevent pests such as ants from entering the basin soil and harming orchids. You can also slice the orange peel and sprinkle it on the surface of the pot soil. A few days without watering can cure aphids and scale insects. Seven, brown sugar, pink sugar and boiled water are mixed according to the ratio of 1 100. After cooling, the blue plants were sprayed with brown sugar solution once every three days for three times, which had a good effect on the control of downy mildew, powdery mildew, black spot and leaf blight. Eight, diesel oil, diesel oil, water according to the ratio of 1︰60, and then diluted with 100 times of water and sprayed with orchids, can cure scale insects and so on. 9. In plant ash, plant ash and water are soaked in the ratio of 1︰50 for two days and nights, then filtered and sprayed with filtrate, which can not only control aphids, but also increase potassium fertilizer. 10. Mix vinegar, vinegar and water according to the ratio of 1︰8, and spray them evenly on the front and back of orchid leaves to cure scale insects. If the scale insects have grown up, the acidity of the mixed solution can be slightly increased, and the scale insects can be killed by spraying once every three days for three times. Spraying vinegar on leaves can also eliminate black spot, powdery mildew, leaf spot and yellowing. Industrial acid and vinegar should not be used.

Irrigation method

Watering orchid plants requires different water management measures according to various natural factors such as humidity, temperature, light, wind, season and weather. First, it depends on the humidity. If the humidity in the air is low and transpiration is strong, it is necessary to water more; On the contrary, the humidity in the air is high or even saturated, and transpiration almost stops, so it is necessary to water less or even not. Secondly, it depends on the temperature. High temperature accelerates transpiration, which leads to large water demand and corresponding increase in watering times; On the contrary, when the temperature is low, the activity of water molecules is slow, the diffusion is weak and the water demand is low. Again, it depends on the light. Strong light accelerates transpiration and diffusion of water molecules, which requires more water; On the contrary, the water demand is less, so different lighting, different shading and different water management make the sun have more water and the back less water. Fourth, look at the wind. The wind is strong and the water evaporates quickly; Weak wind and slow evaporation of water; Dry southwest wind will enhance evaporation, on the contrary, wet southeast wind will lead to relatively weak transpiration; The water in the blue flowerpot placed in the tuyere evaporates quickly when there is wind, but it evaporates slowly in the blue flowerpot with less wind on the leeward side. Fifth, look at the season. The temperature, humidity and light in different seasons are different, and the transpiration of orchid plants is also very different. Water more in hot and dry summer; Water less or no water in rainy season; Don't water in cold winter; Water less when the temperature is low in early spring; In late spring with mild climate, water more in the bud stage; Water more in dry autumn. Sixth, look at the weather. The weather in nature is changeable. The transpiration of orchid plants is also very different in different weather with different light, temperature and humidity. The basic practice is: water more on sunny days, less on cloudy days, no need to water more when it is about to rain, and no water on rainy days (snowy days). Accordingly, it is difficult to have an accurate and unified management method for watering orchids. The so-called "watering once every few days" is lack of scientific basis.

Matters needing attention

The wound should be protected against bacteria-when changing pots or dividing plants, there is a wound at the root, so the wound should be coated with bactericide to prevent bacteria from invading. Don't be too big-small plants grow into pots, and the amount of planting materials is large, which may easily lead to poor ventilation and uncontrollable watering. Water absorbs too much water, plant materials are not easy to dry, and bacterial invasion causes root rot. Orchids should be planted shallow-orchids should not be planted too deep, otherwise they will rot after long-term humidity. When planting, the roots, bases or pseudobulb filled with plant materials must be exposed. The roots should be spread out-when planting orchids, the roots should be spread out evenly and not crowded together, so that each root can touch the planting materials and be ventilated. Don't water it for a few days-the newly planted orchids may hurt their roots. If the wound is coated with bactericide, it will not be watered for 3-5 days, so as to achieve the efficacy and promote the growth of new buds and roots. Avoid strong sunlight-all newly planted orchids must avoid direct sunlight to prevent dehydration and should be placed in a warm and cool place. Spray can be used to increase the humidity in the air until orchids return to normal growth.

Orchid cultivation in northern China

If you want to raise orchids well in the northern region, you should try to create environmental conditions suitable for their growth and development, meet the requirements of their biological characteristics, and make them grow and bloom well. Specifically, we should do the following work. [1] Generally, families choose pots and culture soil for raising orchids, and mud pots are the best choice. If you want to add aesthetic feeling to the decorative effect, you can cover a glazed porcelain basin outside the clay basin. The size of the basin is suitable for the orchid root to spread completely in the basin. It is best to use orchid mud for basin soil. You can also modulate it yourself. 6 parts of humus soil or peat soil, 3 parts of sandy soil, cake fertilizer 1 part, 5 parts of humus soil, 3 parts of compost soil and 2 parts of coarse sand can be mixed evenly. See: common sense of orchid purchase and cultivation techniques for the method of serving pots. 【 1 】 Proper watering of orchids is a regular work, and it is also an important link for the success of orchid cultivation. Blue flowerpots should always be moist, but avoid too much water. In cultivation, the watering amount should be determined according to different seasons and different growth stages of orchids. Generally speaking, from the spring, with the temperature rising, orchids turn into vigorous growth period, and the watering amount should be gradually increased, once every 1~2 days, for a total of 1 time; The high temperature in summer is also the peak of orchid growth. Generally, it is advisable to water each time in the morning and evening, and it is forbidden to water at noon. When the rainy season comes, the amount of watering should be flexibly controlled according to the rainfall and the humidity of the basin soil to avoid root rot caused by accumulated water in the basin soil; At the end of autumn, the temperature begins to drop, and the watering amount should be gradually reduced, and it can be watered every 2~3 days 1 time; In winter, the temperature is low, and most orchids go into dormancy. At this time, it is necessary to control the watering, and it is enough to water 1 time every 5~7 days, but the watering amount of Orchid and Cymbidium hybridum which bloom in winter should be appropriately more. [1] [65438+ Newly planted orchids should not be fertilized in the first year; Fertilization began after Qingming in the second year, until beginning of autumn. 65438+ can be applied with fully decomposed pancake fertilizer water 0~2 times a month. Because orchids are fleshy roots, don't apply immature fertilizers to avoid rotting roots. Before each fertilization, control the water 1~2 days, and then apply it after the basin soil is slightly dry. Water should be poured once the next morning to prevent the roots from being polluted by unclean things in the fertilizer solution and hurting the roots. Pay attention to avoid splashing leaves when applying liquid fertilizer. For orchid plants that have reached flower age after several years of culture, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied in the early stage to promote the germination and rapid growth of new buds; In the later stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were mainly applied, which was beneficial to increase pseudobulb, widen leaves and provide sufficient nutrients for flower bud differentiation. Specifically, liquid fertilizer mainly consisting of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is applied twice a year before flower bud differentiation in autumn; During bud pregnancy, the leaves should be washed with clear water first, and after the leaves are dried, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be sprayed on the leaves and back with a small sprayer, or plant ash water should be applied to the roots. At this time, exogenous fertilization is beneficial to promote the development of roots, stems and flowers of orchid. Don't apply fertilizer in rainy days, and stop applying fertilizer in winter dormancy period. Applying liquid fertilizer or compound fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen fertilizer twice about 20 days after flower withering can promote plant growth. [1] The light should be suitable for the cool environment of orchids and avoid direct sunlight. So in the north, you can see more sunshine before 9: 00 am from early April to May, and you need shade after mid-May. At this time, you need to cultivate it in a cool and ventilated place, and put it near the south window in winter to receive more light to enhance its vitality and promote flower bud differentiation. In particular, Chinese cymbidium and Chinese cymbidium, which bloom in winter, should be placed indoors in sunny places in winter. Without light, they can't blossom well. [1] In short, orchid cultivation should be "no spring, no summer, no autumn and no wet winter", that is to say, cold wind should be avoided in spring and outdoor activities should not be carried out; In summer, if you are afraid of direct sunlight, you should put it in a cool and ventilated place; Avoid dry soil in autumn. At this time, it is the bud stage of orchids, so the amount of watering should be increased appropriately. Winter dormancy, water is easy to rot roots, based on the principle of dry and wet.