Geological data of Altun Mountain in Qiemo, Xinjiang?

Altun Mountain area belongs to one of the national nature reserves. Due to remoteness, cold and lack of oxygen, rare wild animals unique to China are preserved in nature reserves. Due to the unique geographical environment and rich natural resources, IUCN (World Conservation Union) and WWF (World Wildlife Fund) said in the preface of the report that the accident happened here "one of the few biogeographic provinces in the world, and it is a rare gene bank of plateau species". The nature reserve was included in the Encyclopedia Britannica when it was established in 1983. It has been listed in the priority protection list of China Biodiversity Protection Action Plan by China.

There are 30 species of tellurium, 79 species of birds and 250 species of insects (2 species newly discovered) in this nature reserve. There are 0/2 species of national first-class protected animals and 0/7 species of national second-class protected animals. 267 species of plateau plants belonging to 30 families and 83 genera 17 new subspecies were found in the nature reserve. There are no trees, only semi-shrub trees, which are characterized by dwarfing the plateau. Altun Mountain-Altun Mountain Hydrology Altun Mountain mainly has 8 rivers and many seasonal rivers, forming the "artery" of the plateau basin. The basin area of the eight major rivers reaches 20,000 square kilometers. There are two main types of water supply for rivers, namely, glacial meltwater and bare spring water. Sulubetilek River is the largest river, which originates from the northern slope of Xinqingfeng and flows into Ayakumu Lake, with a total length of 280 kilometers and a drainage area of 6,250 square kilometers. There are many lakes with a total area of 1200 square kilometers, accounting for 2.7% of the area, which plays an important role in regulating the climate in this area. Ayak Kumu Lake is located in the north, covering an area of 536 square kilometers, and is the largest lake in this area. Archie Kekule Lake is located in the west, covering an area of 352 square kilometers, with a salinity of 8 1.6 g/L. There are two small islands standing in the lake, which, from a distance, look like a ship breaking the waves. Many birds live on this island. Whale Lake is located in the south of the reserve, so it is named because of its shape. Kumu Lake and Keqike Kumu Lake, called "Shahu Lake" and "Xiaoshahu Lake" in Uygur, are located on the sand mountain in Kumukuri; The lake is replenished by condensed water from sand mountain and fissure water from bedrock, and its water quality is good, with salinity of 0.3g/L. The only freshwater lake with import and export water is called "Isekpati Lake", with an area of 1 1.8 km2, which is gourd-shaped and has good water quality. There are many aquatic organisms such as hooked shrimp growing in the lake, and the lake is surrounded by bacteria green. There are 145 crescent-shaped lakes in the desert separated by sand dunes at an altitude of 4900 meters, and there are many glacial moraine lakes left in the area. Affected by structural faults, fissure water control and fault water resistance, the groundwater volume between the north and south sides is very different. There are many fault springs along the south side of fault strike. There are springs exposed in limestone stratum, which is a good groundwater resource. There are three springs with an altitude of 3,920 meters in the sand springs at the slope angle of the northern foot of the Kushuri Mountain in the northeast, which are surrounded by sand mountains on the east, south and west, and open to the north in a funnel shape. The largest spring is more than 200 meters in diameter, and the other two are 50 meters. Springs are characterized by descending springs, which overflow thousands of scattered streams from the slope angle. If people stand in spring, they will sink. Mingbulak, which means "thousand springs", is named after nearly a thousand springs scattered on the edge of the depression. There are abundant aquatic plants here, which is a good place for animals to feed. There are many alpine hot springs to be discovered in its volcanic activity area.

Altun Mountain-Rock-melting landform In Altun Mountain, there is an ancient rock-melting landform, starting from Bukadaban Peak in the east and reaching Archie Kekule Lake in the west. It is 350 kilometers long, 20-30 kilometers wide and covers an area of about 1 10,000 square kilometers. It is deeply hidden in the mountains with an altitude of 4,400-5,000 meters. After thousands of years of weathering, dissolution and differentiation, this ancient limestone mountain presents strange shapes. There are many stone peaks, some of which rise from the ground and go straight into the blue sky; Some are as lifelike as camels, elephants, black dragons, crouching tigers, penholders, overpasses, temples, pointing tables, cacti, stone flagpoles and horse pegs; There are also many kinds of caves, stone buds, tunnels and corridors. Due to the influence of Quaternary glaciers in some areas, the karst landform of Altun Mountain has formed a tinder that "quietly sweeps the mountain out and supports the blue sky at once". There are modern glaciers in the mountains around the plateau basin. There are 388 glaciers from the northern edge of Qimantage Ridge and the southern edge of Muzitage Peak to Xinjiang, covering an area of 878.3 square kilometers and with a total storage capacity of 67.82 billion cubic meters. Tage Peak and Xinqingfeng Peak in Mu Zi are the areas where modern glaciers are concentrated. Glacier area accounts for 77.5% of the total glacier area in the reserve, and its thickness exceeds 100 meter. There are various types of glaciers here, including hanging glaciers, bucket glaciers, valley glaciers, slope glaciers and flat-topped glaciers. Altun Mountain-Call of Animal Paradise Altun Mountain is one of the most beautiful wildlife paradise in the world. Ye Shu, a private entrepreneur, dreamed of the mystery of Altun Mountain when he was a middle school student more than 40 years ago. More than half of the dozen companions are experienced travelers who have repeatedly entered the northwest no-man's land and the plateau restricted area. Although we are called "seniors", the scenery of Altun Mountain really refreshes us. Due to the special geographical environment of Altun Mountain Basin, people can enjoy the beautiful scenery from the commanding heights most of the time. Your eyes can look dozens of kilometers away, and the scenery in front of you is particularly vast and wide, which makes people sigh. Altun Mountain-The most exciting bitter lake The most exciting is Ayak Kumu Lake, which is called bitter lake by locals. It is more than 3,800 meters above sea level and the lake covers more than 800 square kilometers. During the day, snow-white waves beat the dark red crescent-shaped shore of the lake, and the lake gave off strange light in the sun, which made people have all kinds of hallucinations. If you stand alone on the shore of the endless alluvial belt lake, the illusion will lure you into emerald blue. Unknown bird feathers are scattered on the gravel on the shore of Bitter Lake. The beautiful plateau lake has no life, but its beauty will devour life. Suleiman said that many migratory birds fly over the bitter lake every year. The blue lake will attract birds to stop. They thought they could find drinking water and food here, but they found nothing. Many birds are exhausted and can no longer spread their wings. Finally, they jumped into the lake and made life disappear, leaving only feathers on the shore of the lake. Altun Mountain is a paradise for wildlife. The peaks of Mount Qimantage are covered with snow all year round. From a distance, they are like sharp teeth on a saw belt. At an altitude of 3,900 meters, it is known as the highest plateau desert in the world. Qimantage faces each other from afar. Under the leadership of Tucson, we saw the rare wonders of desert springs and exclaimed at the surging springs at the foot of the sand mountain. Our off-road vehicle is rugged along the clear dividing line between desert and grassland, which feels very novel. I'm afraid this recipe is the only way to enjoy the scenery. As the first plateau nature reserve established in China, Altun Mountain Nature Reserve is also the largest nature reserve at present. Most areas have preserved a relatively complete plateau natural ecosystem. At present, there are many species and a large number of wild animals in this area. The rare animals protected by the state include wild yak, Tibetan wild donkey, Tibetan antelope, snow leopard, argali, gazelle, brown bear, black-necked crane and Tibetan snow chicken. Because of the season, we didn't see many kinds of animals on this trip, but it also opened our eyes. The most interesting thing is Tibetan wild donkey. It has been heard for a long time that wild donkeys will race with cars, but we will meet with wild donkeys for several days in a row. In the nearest distance, the wild donkey can cross the front of the off-road vehicle less than 5 meters. We can't take into account the bumps of the car and cheer loudly for the beautiful running and the spirit of dare to challenge. It is said that the wild donkey racing with the car actually regards the car as the enemy. It wants to lead the enemy away through its provocative behavior to protect its companion or young donkey, which makes the wild donkey look more respectable and lovely. The first stop of Altun Mountain-Altun Mountain: The first stop of Altun Mountain Nature Reserve is Mangya Asbestos Mine at an altitude of 3,200 meters. This is a place where no one wants to take a deep breath. The air is polluted by asbestos dust. The residential area is close to the asbestos mine separation plant, and an east-facing asbestos slag and tombstone mountain always reminds people that people buried under the loess pile have an inevitable relationship with the diffuse asbestos dust. In Qimantage Township, where there are only 8 nomadic families at an altitude of 3,900 meters, Tucson, a checkpoint worker, thinks that his biggest difficulty is low wages. Our colleague, enthusiastic Ye Shu, immediately offered to subsidize Tuxun 10-year-old eldest daughter to go to high school after primary school, and if admitted to university, she could continue her studies. Ye Shu's help to the families of nature reserve staff is a concrete support for the concept of "animal welfare" and also one of the concrete social effects of the first "animal welfare concern action". Altun Mountain-required reading for entering Altun Mountain 1. To enter the Altun Mountain Nature Reserve, you must first apply to the Altun Mountain Management Office in Korla for approval. After approval, you should pay the management fee according to the regulations, and the management office should send someone to guide and accompany you. 2. July 10 to August 10 is the most beautiful season in Altun Mountain, but there are few animals, and the temperature is between 5℃ and 20℃. A large number of wild animals can be seen in the winter of 65438+February and 65438+1October, but the environment is the worst, the temperature is MINUS 30 degrees Celsius and the oxygen content is lower. 3. There are far fewer people going to Altun Mountain than those going to Hoh Xil, which is more primitive and has many elements to satisfy sightseeing. It is not only an area where environmentalists pay attention to and study related topics, but also a paradise for adventure and photography tourists. 4. The living environment in Altun Mountain is relatively bad, so the contestants should bring all their own supplies. I hope everyone who enters Altun Mountain can bring more vegetables and fruits that the mountain people urgently need, and at least let the staff of the protection station express their concern. 5. If a large number of people enter Altun Mountain, it is suggested to bring medical staff and other anti-altitude drugs, cold medicines, gastrointestinal medicines and anti-inflammatory drugs as appropriate.