Explore the Aurora: It is formed when solar wind hits the Earth, which produces strong currents that interfere with power transmission.

In the high altitudes near the north and south poles of the earth, brilliant and beautiful lights often appear at night. Sometimes, it looks like a ribbon; sometimes, it looks like a flame; sometimes, it looks like a colorful screen. It floats lightly, dimming and brightening at the same time, emitting red, blue, green, and purple light. The silent polar region suddenly seemed alive with its appearance. This magnificent and moving sight is called an aurora.

Aurora is considered one of the most beautiful spectacles in nature. If we take a spaceship and look over the Earth's North and South Pole and look toward the Earth from distant space, we will see a shining ring surrounding the Earth's magnetic poles. This ring is called an aurora egg. Because they are somewhat squashed on the side facing the sun and slightly stretched on the side facing away from the sun, they take on an egg-like shape. The aurora egg is in continuous change, sometimes bright and sometimes dark, sometimes extending toward the equator, and sometimes shrinking toward the pole. The halo appears widest and brightest in the midnight part.

So, how are aurora produced? For many centuries, the occurrence of aurora has been a celestial mystery that people have speculated and explored. In the past, Eskimos thought it was a torch used by ghosts and gods to guide the souls of the dead to heaven. In the 13th century, people thought it was light reflected from the Greenland ice sheet. In the 17th century, people called it the Northern Lights - the Northern Lights (the same light seen in the Antarctic is called the Aurora Australis).

With the advancement of science and technology, the mystery of the aurora is becoming more and more known to us. It turns out that this beautiful scenery is a work performed by the cooperation between the sun and the atmosphere. Among the forms of energy created by the sun, such as light and heat, is an energy called the "solar wind." The solar wind, a stream of charged particles ejected from the sun, is a powerful stream of charged subatomic particles that can cover the Earth.

The solar wind flows around the Earth and hits the Earth's magnetic field at a speed of about 400 kilometers per second. Its energy is equivalent to the power of tens or hundreds of thousands of hydrogen bomb explosions. The earth's magnetic field is shaped like a funnel, with its tips facing the earth's north and south magnetic poles. Therefore, the charged particles emitted by the sun settle along the "funnel" of the earth's magnetic field and enter the earth's polar regions. Because charged particles travel very fast, when they collide with atoms in the air, the electrons in the outer layers of the atoms gain energy. When the energy gained by these electrons is released, a visible beam of light is radiated. This fascinating color is an aurora. Those that appear at the North Pole are called the Northern Lights, and those that appear at the South Pole are called the Aurora Australis.

In Sweden, Norway, the former Soviet Union and northern Canada, auroras can be seen about 100 times a year, mostly in spring and autumn. In the Hudson Bay region of northern Canada, auroras are seen about 240 times a year. In the Mohe area of ??Heilongjiang Province in the northernmost part of my country, people can often see the colorful Northern Lights. Mohe is the best place to observe the Northern Lights in my country, and observing the Aurora in Mohe is only possible during the 9 days before and after the summer solstice every year, and must be at night. Even if there are auroras during the day, the aurora cannot be seen during the day because the sunlight is brighter and the aurora is less bright. Because Mohe is located at a high latitude, the white night phenomenon occurs around the summer solstice every year. The appearance of the white night provides favorable conditions for viewing the aurora.

There are many shapes of the Northern Lights. When they appear in Mohe, people see strips, ribbons, umbrellas, fans, sheets, gourds, spindles, Cylindrical, spherical, etc. The colors of the Northern Lights are red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple, with distinct colors. From rising to disappearing, the changes are magical, colorful, and gorgeous.

Not only are auroras beautiful, but they also cast energy into the Earth's atmosphere that is comparable to the combined electrical capacity produced by power plants around the world. This energy often scrambles radio and radar signals. The strong current generated by the aurora can also accumulate on long-distance telephone lines or affect the propagation of microwaves, causing partial or complete "loss" of current in the circuit, and even causing serious interference to power transmission lines, causing some areas to temporarily lose power supply. How to use the energy generated by aurora to benefit mankind is an important mission in today's scientific community.